Ukusukela ubuncinci inkulungwane ye-18 kwiikholoni zaseMelika, iintsimbi zesikolo zikhokele abafundi kuyo yonke imihla yabo, kunye nembali kunye neenkumbulo zala macwecwe okucacisa asatsala abaqokeleli. Ngelixa ukufumana iintsimbi ezindala zesikolo kuthatha ixesha, umgudu kunye nemali, iintsimbi zinika abaphulaphuli ithuba elinqabileyo lokufumana ixesha elidlulileyo ngesandi.
Ukukhala kwimbali
Iintsimbi ziye zaba ngamawaka eminyaka ukuxwayisa abantu ngomlilo okanye izikhukula, ukubulala abantu, kunye nokonwabisa abaphulaphuli ngeeholide. Iintsimbi zezindlu ziye zaba yinxalenye yesandi saseMelika kangangeenkulungwane.
- Ngelixa i-18th kunye ne-19 yezikolo zase-US bezihlala zibanjwa kumakhaya abucala, iiyunivesithi, iikholeji, kunye nezikolo zokubhoda zazinabafundi abaninzi kwiikhampasi zabo kwaye Iintsimbi ezisetyenzisiweyo ukwazisa abafundi malunga nokutya, iinkonzo zenkonzo, kunye namaxesha eklasi.
- Kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, iintsimbi zesikolo zinokusetyenziselwa ukwazisa ukusweleka komntu wasekhaya ngokurhafisa kube kanye kunyaka ngamnye wobomi babo.
- Izindlu zesikolo ezinegumbi elinye zakhula ngenkulungwane ye-19 kwaye zakhonza imimandla emininzi yasemaphandleni okanye ekwanti, kwaye iintsimbi zaqwalaselwa uphawu lwesimo , Kunye nebhanti.
- Kwakukho ngaphezulu Izikolo zasemaphandleni zase-190,000 zase-US ngo-1919, kwaye uninzi lusebenzisa iintsimbi ukubiza abafundi ukuba baye eklasini.
- Iintsimbi zeFama yakudala
- Chonga iwotshi yamandulo
- Iintsimbi zesidlo sangokuhlwa
Iintsimbi zendlu zesikolo zihlala ziphakathi kweminyaka engama-60 ukuya kweli-100 + ubudala, zibenza babe ziiantique phantsi kokuqinisekileyo imithetho yerhafu .
Icandelo leNdlu yeSikolo iBell
Iintsimbi zi izixhobo ezingenanto ezo zivakala ngokubetha. Ngelixa iintsimbi zinokucinga iimilo ezininzi , ukusuka kwiikhowuni ukuya kwiisilinda, eyona ntsimbi yesikolo iqhelekileyo ibanzi ezantsi kunaphezulu. Abanye iingcali zithi oku kwenzelwa ukufezekisa izandi ezithile, kodwa kunokuba ngaphezulu malunga nesiko kunenzululwazi. Iintsimbi ziye iinxalenye ezisisiseko .
Intsimbi yaseMelika yoBhedu. I-Stuckstede kunye nabazalwana, ngo-1909
- Bowl, lelona candelo libanzi 'lesiketi' sebell
- Isinqe, okanye icandelo elimxinwa ngentla kwesiketi
- Umlomo, okanye umda osezantsi webell
- Umlomo, okanye isiseko esivulekileyo; Imilinganiselo yentsimbi bububanzi bomlomo
- Igxalaba, lincinci, liyinxalenye ephezulu yentsimbi
- I-Clapper, icandelo eliguqukayo elibetha intsimbi
- Ivili, elibekwe ecaleni kwaye livumela intsimbi ukuba ijike
- Skirt, umda apho ezinye iintsimbi ezindala zinemibhalo ebhaliweyo
- Yima, iingalo ezisecaleni kunye nomzila kaloliwe obambe intsimbi
- Isakhelo, isiseko somthi okanye isinyithi sixhasa
- Iingcongolo, amakhonkco abunjiweyo ngaphandle kwentsimbi awayesetyenziselwa ukuchonga isiseko
Iintsimbi zaziphoswa ngentsimbi, ngesinyithi, ngobhedu, okanye ngokungaqhelekanga, ngobhedu. Uninzi lweentsimbi zesikolo zazingezizo ezobhedu ngenxa yexabiso lokuvelisa ubhedu.
Abavelisi beBell enkulu
Ukuphoswa kweentsimbi kunye nokwenza izinto eUnited States kwenziwa ziinkampani ezinkulu nezincinci, kwaye zazininzi iifemu esele zilityelwe ngoku. Amacandelo ithande ukwenza yonke into ukusukela ngeenkanunu ukuya kwizitovu, kodwa iintsimbi zithathe isakhono esikhethekileyo ukuvelisa. Babenjalo waphosa ekubunjweni okwenziwe ukuvelisa ithoni ethile, kwaye kamva umhlaba kumatshini wokuqhuba inkqubo yokulungisa. Iintsimbi zezindlu zazisoloko zipapashwa ukuba zithengiswe kumaxesha afana ne Ijenali yeBhodi yeSikolo saseMelika okanye Ijenali yeSikolo . Uninzi lwezinto ezifunwayo zentsimbi zibandakanya:
- UPaul Revere wayengumkhandi wesilivere kwaye iintsimbi ezenziweyo , kunye enye yazo isenokuviwa kwaye ithathwa njengobutyebi besizwe.
- UCharles S. Bell waqala isiseko egameni lakhe, i-CS Bells Inkampani, ngasekupheleni kweminyaka ye-1860 e-Ohio, apho wenza khona izixhobo zasefama, oomatshini kunye neentsimbi. Inkampani yaphumelela, kwaye amawaka eentsimbi ngonyaka aveliswa ukuze asetyenziswe ezifama nasezikolweni. UBell wathengisa iimveliso zakhe zentsimbi kwiinkampani ezinje ngeSears kunye neRoebuck, kodwa wathumela iintsimbi kumzi-mveliso wakhe.
Intsimbi evela kuMeneely Bell Foundry
- Ngokusisiseko iBell Foundry, eWest Troy, NY yasekwa ngo-1826 kwaye wenza iintsimbi zesikolo ukusuka kwi-100 lbs. kunye phezulu.
- IBuckeye Bell Foundry okanye Inkampani ye-EW Vanduzen Bell yasekwa ngoo-1860s kufutshane naseCincinnati, OH. Benze ngaphezulu kwe-60,000 yesikolo kunye neentsimbi zecawa ngenkulungwane yama-20. Ezinye zeemveliso zabo zazibandakanya i-steamboat kunye neentsimbi zeenqanawa, ihotele kunye neentsimbi zasefama.
- UHenry Stuckstede Bell Foundry yasekwa ngo-1855, eSt. Louis, MO, kwaye yavelisa iintsimbi emva konyaka we-1933.
- UMcShane Bell Foundry, eBaltimore, MD ubhengezwe kwi Ijenali yeSikolo ukukhuthaza 'isikolo, iikholeji kunye neentsimbi zaseyunivesithi' zetini emsulwa kunye nobhedu.
Mamela kwezinye zeentsimbi ezikhankanywe apha ngasentla Iibhendi zeBroser, Inc.
Omnye umqokeleli e Umbutho waseMelika weBell Qaphela ukuba ezinye iintsimbi ziye zaphawula iintsimbi zazo, ngelixa ezinye zaziwa kuphela ngemithombo yoshicilelo, njengamaphephandaba kunye neejenali. Ukongeza kwisiphithiphithi kukuba iziseko zokwenza intsimbi ngelixa amanye amashishini esebenza njengeearhente kwaye abanye bayalela iintsimbi ngegama lenkampani yabo kodwa bengavelisi iintsimbi. Kwakukho amakhulu okufunyanwa e-US, kwaye ulwazi kuzo lunokuncipha.
Iimpawu zoVavanyo kunye nokuchongwa
Iintsimbi zezindlu zesikolo ngokubanzi zinzima kakhulu kuneentsimbi zasefama. Kwangoko Ikhathalogu yeNkampani yeSears kunye neRoebuck Uluhlu lweentsimbi zeefama ezivela kwi-35 kunye ne-90 yeepawundi, besithi 'zonke iifama, nokuba zininzi kangakanani, kufuneka zibe nentsimbi elungileyo' ... 'ngethoni evuyisayo enokuvakala kumgama omde.' Inkqubo ye- Iikhathalogu zefanitshala zesikolo seSears kudweliswe ubunzima beentsimbi zezindlu zesikolo phakathi kwe-165 lbs. kunye ne-1275 lbs. Iintsimbi ezikolweni zahlulwa sisandi kunye nokucaca kwazo nangona izikolo zikwaqwalasele ubungakanani obahlukeneyo beentsimbi kunye nokuba kungabiza malini ukuhambisa intsimbi ukusuka kwiziseko ukuya esikolweni.
- Iintsimbi zendlu yesikolo zazinokuthengiswa ngesakhelo, ivili kunye neesill zomthi: iintsimbi zazibekwa kwimigangatho ephezulu ye-belfry okanye ye-attic, kwaye intambo yayibaleka yaya kwintsimbi, kwaye ijikeleze ivili. Zihlala zingama-20 ukuya kuma-28 'emlonyeni kwaye zazenzelwe ukuba zivakale ziphakamileyo kuneentsimbi zecawa ukuze zingabhidanisi umphulaphuli.
- Khangela ukumakishwa kwiintsimbi, ezinokuba luphawu lomenzi okanye uphawu lomthengisi. Unokubona ezininzi iifoto kunye neentsimbi zokumakisha kumanqaku eenkampani IWebhusayithi yeTower Bells.
- Ngokwe-campanologist kunye umbhali uNeil Goeppinger , Iintsimbi zokuqala zentsimbi zazisebenzisa iingcongolo ezahlukeneyo okanye imihombiso yokuhombisa kwiintsimbi ezichonga iimveliso zazo.
- I-Sears ithengise iintsimbi ezenziwe kumbindi we-Ohio (mhlawumbi i-CS Bell), ezazisaziwa 'ngelizwi labo elikhulu, elicacileyo, elijikelezileyo, neliswiti' kunye namaxabiso aqala kwi-13 ukuya kwi-103 yeedola kunye neerhafu zempahla. Njengomthengisi, iiSears bezingasoloko zityala isiseko sokwenyani, ke uphawu lwentengiso lakwaSears aluthethi ukuba intsimbi yesikolo yenziwe ngeeSears.
- Jonga imeko (akukho ngozi okanye ulungiso) kwaye ubuze ukuva intsimbi, kuba iithoni ziyahluka kakhulu ukuba kukho umonakalo.
- Buza ukuba intsimbi 'ayinanto' (yintsimbi nje), njengoko injalo, ikwimeko yokusebenza kodwa ayinyuswanga, okanye ikwimeko ebuyiselweyo neyonyusiweyo ngokupheleleyo. Umahluko unokuthetha umahluko omkhulu kwiindleko.
- Ubungakanani bentsimbi buya kuchaphazela isandi sayo: intsimbi encinci inokuba nesandi esiphezulu, esibukhali, ngelixa intsimbi enkulu inesandi esinzulu.
- Iintsimbi ezintsha azihlali zikhangeleka zintsha. Banokuba buthuntu, okanye bakhazimle, kuxhomekeke kwisinyithi. Banokupeyintwa ngombala omnyama osicaba. Iileta ezibunjiweyo zinokuba mfiliba kwaye kungabi lula ukuzifunda okanye ukuzicacisa nokuzibeka. Zininzi izinto zokuvelisa kwintengiso, ke chitha ixesha ujonga iintsimbi ezindala ngaphambi kokuba uthenge kwaye uqeqeshe amehlo kunye neendlebe zakho ukubona nokuva umgangatho.
- Ukuba uhamba, yima nge Ukuqokelelwa kweBell yasesikolweni e-Angier, NC ukubona (kunye nokuzama) iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentsimbi zesikolo.
Amaxabiso kunye nalapho unokufumana khona iiBell
Iintsimbi zifuna ukubuyiselwa okukhethekileyo, ukugcinwa, ukugcinwa, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukuthuthwa. Zikwabiza kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuba ufuna intsimbi ye-antique (iminyaka eyi-100 nangaphezulu) kwaye ikwimeko yokusebenza.
Intsimbi kaVanduzen kwiBellos's Bells
- Iibhendi zeBrosamer, Inc. igxile kwiintsimbi ezinkulu ze-antique, kubandakanya neentsimbi zesikolo. Amaxabiso qalisa malunga ne- $ 2,000 (kunye nothutho) kwaye unyuke ukusuka apho.
- Iintsimbi ezisezantsi inikeza ukhetho olubanzi lweentsimbi, kubandakanya uVanduzen. Ukucela amaxabiso ukusuka kwi- $ 1,800 ukuya kwi- $ 3,000, kuxhomekeke kwiintsimbi ezikhethiweyo. Baye bagcina iinxalenye zentsimbi yokulungiswa kunye nokubuyiselwa.
- Umbutho waseMelika weBell une iqonga kubaqokeleli beentsimbi, kubandakanya neentsimbi zezindlu. Amalungu angacela ulwazi malunga nemithombo enokubakho yokuthenga intsimbi.
- Inkampani yaseVerdin ivelisa iintsimbi zeekholeji, iicawa kunye nezinye iindawo zoluntu ukusukela kwiminyaka yoo-1840. Nxibelelana nabo ukuze ufumane ulwazi malunga nesitokhwe sangoku seentsimbi zaseMelika, kubandakanya neentsimbi ezithile zesikolo. Unokujonga ividiyo malunga nokwenza intsimbi kwiwebhusayithi.
Iifandesi ezikwi-Intanethi, njenge-eBay, zibonelela ngeentsimbi zendlu yesikolo, kodwa njengesiqhelo: umthengi makalumke. Buza imibuzo ngaphambi kokuba ubize kwaye ujonge ezo ndleko zokuhambisa. Amaxabiso aqinisekisiweyo avela kwi-eBay yeentsimbi zendlu yesikolo (hayi iintsimbi zesandla) zihlala zincinci kakhulu kunakwindawo zokuqokelela iintsimbi, ukusukela kumakhulu, malunga Uluhlu lwama- $ 200 ukuya kuma-400 okanye njalo. Nangona kunjalo, gcinani engqondweni ukuba ayinakuba yimeko okanye umgangatho njengaleyo uya kuyifumana kubathengisi okanye kwizindlu zefandesi ezijolise kwiintsimbi.
Isikhumbuzo seentsuku ezidlulileyo
Iintsimbi zendlu yesikolo zisenokufumaneka ekubuyiselweni kwimbali kunye namakhaya. Nangona iintsimbi zinokuba nzima ukufumana, ukuhambisa ngenqanawa, kunye nokuseta, isiphumo siya kuba sisikhumbuzo sokuba elidlulileyo lisaphila kwisandi sensimbi.
