Umthonyama eUnited States, indawo ekhethiweyo yomthi womqhaphu endle ibandakanya indawo ezinamanzi ezisezantsi kunye namachibi kunye nemilambo. Abantu abafuna ukongeza enye kubume babo bendalo kufuneka baqwalasele yonke imiba yomthi ngaphambi kokutyala njengoko umthi uneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthintela ezingakwenzi zilungele indawo ezininzi.
zingaphi iikhabho kwiwayini ye rose
ICottonwood yakudala ijongeka
Umqhaphu ( Iipopulus deltoids ), oqhele ukubizwa ngokuba yimpuma yomqhaphu, ngumthi okhulayo okhawulezayo ofumana i-6 yeenyawo zokukhula minyaka le kwaye ufikelele kubude obuvuthiweyo nobubanzi beenyawo ezili-100. Ngenxa yalo mkhwa wokukhula ngokukhawuleza, iinkuni zithambile kwaye zibukrelekrele, zaphuka ngokulula xa kukho umoya.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo- Uluhlu lwazo zonke iiMithi ezingama-50 eMelika
- Imithi yePoplar
- Indlela yokususa iSiphunzi somthi
Bark, Iziqu, kunye namahlamvu
Ixolo nesiqu somthi ovuthiweyo zixinene ngokunzulu, zingqindilili kwaye zingwevu. Amaxolo awo angwevu aluhlaza kwimithi emincinci. Iziqu ezisencinci kunye namasebe aluhlaza-tyheli ngombala, atshintsha abe ngumbala ongwevu njengoko bekhula. Imithi ekhulileyo ikhula ngesithsaba esivulekileyo nesingaqhelekanga.
Amagqabantshintshi anqabile kwaye ayimilise okweentliziyo kunye nemiphetho erhabaxa edibanisa imiphetho. Ngexesha lokukhula umbala wabo uluhlaza, utshintsha ube tyheli ngexesha lokuwa ngaphambi kokuba amahlamvu ehle phakathi kweenyanga zobusika. I-intshi ezininzi ubude, i-petiole ecabaleleyo ivumela amagqabi ukuba ajikeleze ngapha nangapha kwimeko ezinemoya.
Iintyatyambo kunye neMbewu
Imithi yaseMpuma yomqhaphu yile eyobe , Ithetha ukuba kukho imithi yamadoda neyasetyhini evelisa iintyatyambo, nangona imithi yabasetyhini yiyo evelisa into efana nekotoni enika umthi igama. Imithi iqala ukuvelisa imbewu xa ifikelela kwiminyaka eli-10 ubudala.
Ngaphambi kokuba amahlamvu ahlume ngexesha lasentwasahlobo, i-6-intshi ebomvu ebomvu etyheli ixhonywe emasebeni kwaye ikhule ibe yimbewu. I-seedpod nganye ejikeleziweyo equlethwe kwikati evuthiweyo ibambe imbewu ezininzi, kunye nemithi yabasetyhini evelisa imbewu ejikelezwe yinto efana nekotoni. Izithole zihluma ngokulula kwaye akuqhelekanga ukuzifumana zihluma phantsi komthi womthi kunye neendawo ezikufutshane apho ziwa khona.
 Iintyatyambo zeentyatyambo |  Umqhaphu wecottonwood |
Ubunzima kunye nokuqwalaselwa kweNdawo
Ngenxa yobukhulu bomthi omkhulu kunye notyekelo lokwaphuka kwamalungu, kufuna indawo enendawo ebonakalayo kubume bomhlaba ukufezekisa ubungakanani bayo obuvuthiweyo ngaphandle kwezakhiwo okanye iingcingo zombane. Imithi yeCottonwood yenza imithi enomthunzi elungileyo xa ityalwe kwindawo efanelekileyo.
Xa ujonga indawo esisigxina yomthi, jonga iingcambu zayo ezinoburharha ezifuna ukufuma. Musa ukutyala kufutshane neenkqubo ze-septic kuba iingcambu ziya kuyifuna kwaye zingonakalisa inkqubo edala ukulungiswa okubizayo. Awufuni ukutyala umthi kufutshane nesiseko sekhaya okanye indlela esecaleni njengoko iingcambu zinokuphakamisa indawo kwaye zibangele umonakalo.
Imbewu yomfazi wasetyhini yenza ubumdaka kwikhotoni ngaphezulu kweeyadi. Ukusasazwa kwembewu kubanzi kakhulu banokugubungela loo ndawo njengengubo yekhephu. Ngapha koko, ukungcola okwenzekileyo kubi kangangokuba ezinye iindawo azikuvumeli ukutyalwa kwemithi yabasetyhini ezindleleni okanye kwiindlela zokuhamba. Ukuthintela oku ekubeni kungenzeki abalimi kufuneka batyale umqhaphu oyindoda ongayivelisi umqhaphu ofana nokulinywa kwendoda 'iSiouxland.'
Ukuthenga Ukuqwalaselwa
Kuba imithi ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane imithi eneminyaka eli-1 ubudala kunye nomncinci kwindawo yokugcina abantwana kuyo yonke indawo ekhulayo. I-nursery ezikwi-Intanethi zithumela imithi ngelixa zikwinqanaba lokulala kwaye zingabambanga. Ubungakanani buqala ukusuka kulunyawo olunye ukuya kwii-4 iinyawo ubude. Ezinye izinto ezikwi-Intanethi ezithengisa imithi yomqhaphu zii Iindalo zeNdalo kwaye Ingqolowa Iifama eziNgasekhoyo -Qiniseka ukuba ujonga umva okanye ubhalisela izaziso zesitokhwe ukuba azikho kwisitokhwe njengoko isenokungabi lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuhambisa.
Ukuba uthenga umthi kwindawo yakho yokugcina abantwana khangela imithi esempilweni enemibala emihle yamagqabi kwaye ayibonisi zimpawu zezinambuzane okanye iingxaki zezifo. Jonga isikhongozeli ukuze uqiniseke ukuba iingcambu azikhuli zivela ezantsi, oko kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yeengcambu ikhulile embizeni yayo. Imithi eneenkqubo ezisisongelayo ngamanye amaxesha ayikaze ikhule ngokufanelekileyo xa sele ityalwe emhlabeni.
Iimeko ezikhethiweyo zokukhula
Imithi yeCottonwood yimithi eqinileyo kwaye ayinangxaki kangako malunga neemeko zabo ezikhulayo, ke nkqu nabalimi bezithupha abamnyama kufuneka baphumelele ekukhuleni. Banobubanzi obukhuni, bekhula kakuhle kwimimandla ye-USDA yesi-2 ukuya kwele-9, ke benza kakuhle phantse kuyo yonke imimandla eMelika.
Ukukhanya okukhethiweyo
Umthi uyalunyamezela ilanga, kodwa ubeka ukukhula kwawo okusemgangathweni kwindawo efumana ilanga elipheleleyo.
Umhlaba okhethiweyo
Imithi yeCottonwood ikhula kuluhlu olubanzi lweentlobo zomhlaba kwaye ibeka ukukhula kwayo kokuhle kwabo banotyekelo lokufuma. Nangona kunjalo, ayikunyamezeli ukukhula emhlabeni okusoloko kumanzi kwaye kumanzi.
Iimfuno ezisisiseko zoKhathalelo
Kuba imithi ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ayinangxaki malunga neemeko ezikhulayo zokukhula okunempilo, ezona mfuno ziphambili zononophelo zibonelela ngokufuma okwaneleyo kwaye ukuthena . Umthi awufuni zicelo zesichumiso ukuze ukhule kakuhle.
Iimfuno zokufuma
Imithi yeCottonwood iyayinyamezela imbalela xa sele isekiwe, kodwa ngelixa umthi umncinci okanye usanda kutyalwa, abalimi kufuneka bafake isicelo samanzi ngeveki. Nangona kunjalo, umthi usebenza kakuhle ngokusetyenziswa kwamanzi rhoqo.
Iimfuno zokuprintwa
Kuba umthi ukhula umde kakhulu kwaye ubanzi, wakube umthi ufikelele kubude bawo obuqolileyo nobubanzi, phantse akunakwenzeka ukwenza izihlahla ezibanzi emthini ngaphandle koncedo lwearborist eqeqeshiweyo. Xa umthi umncinci, nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuthena ukuze umthi ube nesakhiwo esomeleleyo.
Coca nakuphi na ukufunxa kwamanzi okukhula kujikeleze isiqu ukuze umthi ube nesiqu esinye kuphela. Cima nawaphi na amalungu afileyo, onakeleyo, okanye agulayo nanini na unyaka wonke. Uyakufuna kwakhona ukususa nawaphi na amasebe aweleyo okanye lawo anokuphazamisa ulwakhiwo. Ngalo lonke ixesha qiniseka ukuba ubulala iintsholongwane kwizixhobo zakho ukuze ungadlulisi nasiphi na isifo okanye izinambuzane emthini.
Iingxaki zezifo kunye nezifo
Enye into ebabuyelayo kule mithi bathambekele kwizifo nakwizitshabalalisi. Ezi ngxaki zinokubufutshane ubomi bomthi kwaye ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu; iingxaki kunokuba nzima ukuzinyanga.
Izinambuzane eziqhelekileyo
Ezona zitshabalalisi zimbini zixhaphakileyo kwimithi yecottonwood yipoplar petiole gall aphid kunye necottonwood leaf beetle, eyonakalisa ngakumbi ezi zimbini. Uninzi lweengxaki zezinambuzane zinokuthintelwa ngokucoca i-debris ejikeleze umthi.
- I-poplar petiole gall aphid : Imithi yeCottonwood igcwele Iinyongo bonisa iimpawu ngamaqhuma amancinci abumba ecaleni kwesiqu segqabi. Amaqhuma aqulathe iintwala ezingasasazekiyo ezahlula zivule inyongo ngexesha lentwasahlobo zize zikhuphe iintwala ezindala ezinamaphiko. I-aphids ayonakalisi umthi, ngaphandle kokuvelisa iigalls ezingabonakaliyo, kwaye ulawulo aludingeki.
- I-Cottonwood leaf beetle : Iicottonwood beetles zizinto ezinobuzaza nezikhawulezayo zokukhawulezisa, ngakumbi kwimithi iminyaka emi-3 ubudala nangaphantsi. Ukuba uqaphela ibhungane encinci enentloko emnyama kunye nokumakisha okumthubi kunye no-orenji emzimbeni wayo, inokuba yingxaki kuwe. I-beetle overwinters kwi-debris ewileyo okanye phantsi kwe-bark yomthi kwaye ivele kumaqondo obushushu afudumeleyo ukuze itye amagqabi omthi ekugqibeleni iwugqibe, onokuba yingozi ekukhuleni komthi. Xa uqhambuko lungabi qatha, izinambuzane ezitya intshabalalo ziyazibulala izitshabalalisi, kodwa xa kuqhambuka kakhulu, abalimi banokunyanga wonke umthi ngesibulali zinambuzane. Thatha ioyile okanye Bacillus thuringiensis . Ukuba ujongene nomthi omkhulu ovuthiweyo, kuya kufuneka ubize ingcali ukuze ufikelele kuzo zonke iindawo zomthi xa unyanga isibulali zinambuzane.
Iingxaki zesi sifo
Abagadi bezitiya bongeza umthi womqhaphu kwindawo yabo baya kuthi bajongane nengxaki yomthi, njengoko beqhelekile kuninzi ezinxulumene nezifo iingxaki. Ezinye zeengxaki azigunyazisi ukulawulwa njengoko imeko ingasongeli ubomi, ngelixa ezinye iingxaki zinokunyangwa ngokugcina indawo ephantsi komthi icacile inkunkuma ewile.
Iingxaki ezininzi zingena emthini ngamanxeba, aqhele ukwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala kwezixhobo zengca. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukugcina indawo engaphantsi komthi womthi ngaphandle kokhula kunye nengca ngoko akukho mfuneko yokusebenzisa i-mower okanye i-trim trimmer ecaleni kwesiqu somthi. Ezinye zezifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela le mithi zezi:
- I-Cytospora kunye ne-septoria canker fungus : Ezi ngxaki zokungunda kunzima ukwahlula enye kwenye kwaye zichaphazela imithi engaphilanga ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuthena ezingagunyaziswanga okanye ukwenzakala kwamaxolo omthi kwenza imithi ibe sesichengeni sokufumana esi sifo. Ingxaki ibonisa njengeendawo ezinamathambo kwizikhondo nakumasebe, athi ekugqibeleni akhangeleke emanzi kwaye abomdaka ngombala obomvu. Ulawulo kuphela kukusika iinxalenye zomthi ezichaphazelekayo, uqiniseke ukusika lonke icandelo eligulayo emthini kunye nomthi ophilileyo. Xa kunzima, i-fungus inokuwubulala umthi.
- Ukubola kwentliziyo : Ukonzakalisa umboko womthi kuvumela ukuba ukungunda kungene emthini ochaphazela intliziyo yawo kwaye ekugqibeleni umthi uyabola kwaye ufe. Iimpawu zengxaki zibonakala njengeekhonksi eziqhotyoshelwe kwisiqu somthi, ngokubanzi kwisiseko kwaye akukho lonyango. Thintela ingxaki ngokungonzakalisi umboko womthi kunye nexolo.
- Amachokoza amagqabi omngundo Imithi yomqhaphu ichaphazeleka kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zamachokoza amagqabi omngundo abonakala njengeendawo ezinombala kumagqabi omthi. Kuxhomekeka kwiingxaki ezithile zokungunda, amabala avela njengombala ungwevu okanye mdaka kwaye ukuba uthe awanyangwa, ukuvela komhlathana kuyenzeka. Lawula ingxaki kwakamsinya nje xa uqaphela uqhambuko usebenzisa i ukungunda ubhedu nokutshiza umthi wonke kanye ngenyanga.
- Amachiza omngundo : Amachiza omngundo abonakala kumagqabi, ngesiqhelo umbala onomhlwa okanye otyheli, ojika ubemnyama ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ingxaki inzima kakhulu ngexesha lasebusika, ayisongeli ubomi emthini, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokuba ilawulwe, njengoko ingxaki izithambiso kuphela.
- Ngundo ngumngundo : Powdery mildew yenye yezona ngxaki zibonakala lula ezinxulunyaniswa nemithi, nanjengoko igama layo lisitsho, isambatho esimhlophe somgubo sigquma amagqabi. Ukungunda kuyingxaki enkulu xa ubusuku kupholile, kodwa ukufuma kuphezulu. Ingxaki ngokubanzi izithambiso kwaye ayithethi kulawulo lwewaranti, kodwa kwimeko yokuqhambuka okukhulu, ukutshiza umthi wonke ngefungicide yobhedu kunye nokufaka isicelo rhoqo kwiiveki ezine kufuneka ulawule ingxaki.
- I-Phymatotrichum ingcambu yokubola : Le yingxaki yokungunda echaphazela umhlaba ogqithisela kwingcambu yomthi kwaye akukho zindlela zolawulo zomthi. Imeko inzima kakhulu ehlotyeni kwaye abagadi begadi banokuqaphela ukuba amagqabi akhawuleza ajike ubhedu kwaye abune ngaphakathi kweentsuku, kodwa ahlale eqhotyoshelwe emthini. Olona khetho lulodwa kukususa umthi kubume bomhlaba.
Umthi onomtsalane kodwa onengxaki
Imithi yeCottonwood ayisetyenziswanga kumhlaba njengoko bekunjalo ngenxa yazo zonke iingxaki ezinxulumene nazo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ityalwe kwindawo efanelekileyo apho iinkuni ezithambileyo kunye neengcambu ezinobundlobongela zingabangeli monakalo, zenza umthi okhawulezayo okhula ngokukhawuleza emithini, ngakumbi izilimo zamadoda.
