Ukutyhubela imbali, amadoda nabafazi abakwizinga eliphezulu bahombise amabunzi abo ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezithsaba kunye neetiyara, ezazifuzisela ukongama kunye namandla ngokwasentlalweni.
Oofaro bakudala base-Egypt babethanda imixokelelwane yegolide eyayiqhele ukuhonjiswa ngamanqatha nangezinye izihombiso ezixhonywe ebunzi, etempileni nasezantsi. Umzekelo oxabisekileyo wafunyanwa engcwabeni likaTutankhamun, uKumkani wase-Egypt ngo-ca. 1339-1329 B.C.E. Ukombiwa kwengcwaba lakhe ngo-1922 kwatyhila ukuba yayingu-mummy kakumkani omncinci owayehonjiswe ngesithsaba segolide esenziwe njenge-circlet. Ngaphambili kwakukho umhombiso wegolide onokutsalwa kunye nentloko yexhalanga kunye nomzimba wephimpi, efuzisela ukudityaniswa kwe-Egypt esezantsi naphezulu.
Imvelaphi yegama 'isithsaba' livela kwi-Greek diadein, ethetha 'ukubopha.' Izithsaba zazenziwe ngazo zonke iintlobo zesinyithi, kwaye zinomlinganiselo olinganiselweyo wegolide, amagcisa aseGrisi azihombisa ngee-rosette okanye ezinye izinto, kubandakanya neqhina leHeracles, iqhina lamatye ahlala efumaneka kubucwebe bamaGrike. Emva kokuba uAleksandire Omkhulu evule igolide evela kuBukhosi basePersi ngo-331 B.C.E., izimbo zalapho zaye zangqwabalala zaza zahluka zaza zangumdiliya wamagqabi neentyatyambo.
uyifumana njani isosi yetumato ngaphandle kwehempe
AmaRoma andise kwifashoni yeebhendi zentloko zegolide, esongeza amatye anqabileyo kuyilo lwabo. Isithsaba sokuqala sokwenene, ibhanti yegolide enendawo ephakamileyo ngaphambili, yenziwa ngu-Emperor waseRoma uGaius Valerius Diocletianus (C.E. 245-313). Ngokombhali-mbali wase-Bhritane u-Edward Gibbon, (1737-1794), 'Intloko kaDiocletian yayijikelezwe yintsimbi emhlophe ebekwe ngeeperile njengebheji yasebukhosini.' 'Ifillet' lelinye igama lebhanti emxinwa ejikeleze iinwele.
Igama elithi tiara, ekwimo yalo yoqobo, lichaza umhombiso weentloko eziphakamileyo onxitywa ngookumkani basePersi. Kamva yahlengahlengiswa njengempahla yentloko kaPapa kunye nesithsaba sesibini nesesithathu songezwa kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesibini neyeshumi elinesithathu, yiyo loo nto besenza isithsaba sobuPapa, esisetyenziswa eVatican kwimisitho yomsitho.
Ukuhombisa intloko ngeentyatyambo okanye amagqabi yayisisithethe sakudala kwaye kwakubonisa imbeko, uthando, okanye uloyiso. AmaGrike abhiyozela uloyiso kwimidlalo ngokunxiba iimbaleki ngesithsaba esenziwe ngamagqabi emvelo. AmaRoma aqhubeka nesiko, kodwa athabatha inyathelo eliya phambili ngokuhlonipha oonjengele babo abaphumeleleyo ngezithsaba ezenziwe ngegolide yokwenyani, ngaloo ndlela ngokuzekelisa baguqula amagqabi emvelo okonakala abe ngunaphakade. Ngelixa abaphumeleleyo baseRoma bewongwa ngezidanga zegolide zobuqaqawuli, oomolokazana baseRoma banxiba ezendalo, ezenziwe ngeentyatyambo kunye namagqabi. Enxibe ingubo emhlophe kwaye egqunywe phantsi kwesigqubuthelo, umtshakazi wayenxibe isithsaba somtshato esibonisa ubunyulu bomzimba nomphefumlo. Iinyibiba zifanekisela ubunyulu; ingqolowa, ukuchuma; i-rosemary, ubudoda besilisa; kunye nemimirtile, izifaniso zobomi obude ezilandelwa ngoomolokazana kwithuba leenkulungwane emva koko. Umfuziselo wawubalulekile kuyilo lwazo zonke izambatho zentloko. Imifuziselo yoloyiso, imiqondiso yobuntombi, okanye iisimboli zokubandezeleka, njengesithsaba sameva esibekwe entlokweni kaYesu Krestu, sasiza kudlala indima ekwenziweni kwenkolo, uncwadi namabali.
AmaTiaras ayengathandwa ngexesha lamaxesha aphakathi, njengoko ifashoni yelo xesha yayalela ukuba intloko kunye neenwele zowasetyhini kufuneka zigutyungelwe yiminqwazi emile okwee-cone enezigqubuthelo ezithambileyo okanye ezomeleleyo. Ukufika kwe-Renaissance kwatshintsha amaxabiso entlalontle kwakhona, kwaye iinwele zavunyelwa ukuba zibonakalise ubuhle bayo bendalo ngamacangci amnandi kunye namaza abumba ubuso. Ii-tresses kunye ne curls zinokubotshwa umva okanye zibaleke simahla kwaye zihonjiswe ngeendidi zemihombiso yendalo okanye yobucwebe, ezinye zazo zisondele kwisithsaba, kodwa zingenayo i-regal, imbonakalo eqinileyo ye-tiara. Titian zipeyintwe inkanuko umthandi ababhinqileyo kwi AmaXesha amaThathu aMadoda , Enxibe isithsaba semore ebonakalalisa uthando lwanaphakade.
Uluntu lwaseFrance ngexesha lolawulo lukaNapoleon (1799-1814) lwalukhuthazwe ngumnqweno we-classical aesthetics. Ngaloo nto, kwafika imvuselelo yefashoni yakudala yezithsaba.
Ukuthweswa kwakhe isithsaba ngo-1804, uNapoleon wayenxibe isithsaba esimnandi samagqabi egolide, elowo ebonisa uloyiso lwakhe. Yenziwe ngumkhandi wegolide waseParis uBiennais emva koyilo olwenziwe ngu-miniaturist uJean-Baptiste Isabay, utyholwa ngokuhlawula i-8,000 francs. Njengoko uNapoleon wafumanisa ukuba isithsaba sinzima kakhulu ukuba singanxitywa, amagqabi amathandathu asuswa kanye ngaphambi kokubekwa.
Isithsaba sika-Napoleon sase-Roma soloyiso sabhalwa ngabafazi basekuhlaleni kwaye kwazalwa ifashoni entsha. Izimbo zeenwele zazinenkangeleko entsha, etshayelweyo yeklasikhi, eyayizalisekiswe ngokugqibeleleyo sisithsaba saseSpartan, itiara ephezulu, ethe tyaba, eyalathe ngaphambili, ibhalwe ngegolide kwaye ihonjiswe ngamatye anqabileyo. UKumkanikazi uJosephine, iqabane likaNapoleon de waqhawula umtshato ngo-1809, wayepeyintwa amatyeli aliqela, enxibe izithsaba ezahlukileyo zikaSpartan, ezazisaziwa njengeebandeaux.
UNapoleon wanika uKumkanikazi wakhe omtsha, uMarie-Louise, iArchduchess yaseOstriya isithsaba esinexabiso ngakumbi. Ukuze kuphawulwe ukuzalwa konyana wabo ekuphela kwakhe, uKumkani wase-Roma e-1811, uMarie-Louise wanikwa isixa segugu. Esona siqwenga sixabisekileyo yayisisithsaba esimangalisayo seSpartan esifakwe iidayimani ezili-1,500, ejikeleze ezine zedayimani yesithsaba esikhulu. Eyona ibaluleke kakhulu ngaphambili yayiyi-'Fleur-du-Pecheur, 'ilitye le-carat elingama-25.53 elaliqokelele ubukhosi be-Sun King's (Louis XIV), ekhutshwe yi-French Revolution. Isithsaba senziwe kwaye senziwa ngumhombiso wezacholo waseParis uFR. Nitot, owabiza umlawuli malunga nesigidi esinye seerandi.
Inkundla yaseRoyal yaseBritane
Ngelixa uNapoleon wayezonwabisa ngokuthenga izinto ezintle eFrance, ukulandelelana kweeKumkani zaseHanoverian eNgilane zazixakekisa ngokuqesha amatye okugcotywa kwisithsaba ngasinye kwaye zishiya izithsaba zikhululwe zaza zazala ngexesha lolawulo lwabo. Ukumkanikazi oselula uVictoria, umtshana kaGeorge IV, wenze inguquko kwisigqibo sakhe. Akayalelanga nje ukuba kwenziwe isithsaba esisigxina, kodwa waqokelela nengqokelela yexabiso elikhulu, elisengamalungu osapho lwasebukhosini lwaseBritane namhlanje.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo- IiTiaras zamantombazana
- Ungawuhlobisa njani iTiara yomtshato
- I-Rhinestone Tiaras kunye neNtloko yomtshato
Inkulungwane yeshumi elinethoba ikwaqinisekisile umkhwa wokuhlambuluka komfazi ovezwe kwilokhwe. E-Bhritane, uKumkanikazi uVictoria wakhetha isithsaba somdiliya se-orenji kune-tiara yasebukhosini yegolide xa watshata umzala wakhe wase-Jamani, iNkosana u-Albert, ngo-1840. Oomolokazana abangenakubalwa balandela isimbo se-Queen esencinci yothando, eyayibalasele ngesigqubuthelo esimhlophe, uphawu wobuntombi nobunyulu. UKumkanikazi uVictoria, ethweswe isithsaba eneminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo, wayithanda kakhulu imifuziselo yeentyatyambo. Isithsaba sakhe sedayimani asithandayo sasinemibala yeentyatyambo, iintyatyambo ezinameva kunye namakhakakhaka, ezazimela ulawulo lwayo kwiNgilani, eIreland naseScotland. Isangqa esidumileyo sokuthweswa isithsaba, esenziwe nguMessr Rundell ngeedayimane eziqeshiweyo ngo-1820, sasingekamalume wakhe, uKing George IV. UVictoria wayibuyisela kwaye wayibeka ngokusisigxina ngeidayimani zakhe, ngaloo ndlela iyenza enye yezona ndlalifa zibalulekileyo kusapho lwasebukhosini lwaseBritane. Ukumkanikazi okwangoku u-Elizabeth II uboniswa enxibe kuthotho lwezitampu zokuposa zase-Bhritane.
Ingqokelela yaseBritane yasebukhosini yeeTias ezixabisekileyo
Obona bungangamsha bayo yonke yayiyi-tiara yasebukhosini eqaqambileyo ngokukodwa eyenzelwe uKumkanikazi uVictoria ekuphakameni kolawulo lwakhe ngo-1853. Esi sithsaba sedayimani, esenziwe ngumthengisi wezacholo zasebukhosini uMessr Garrard & Co, sasiza kubagqitha bonke abanye ngobuhle nangobunkunkqele. Iirekhodi ezikwiileja zale nkampani zibonisa ukuba ngaphezulu kwama-2 000 amatye exabiso asetyenzisiweyo ukwenza le tiara intle kangaka. Amatye anqabileyo abekiwe, kusenziwa isakhelo se-trellis esijikeleze i-jewel esembindini, eyona idume kuzo zonke iidayimani, iKoh-i-noor okanye 'iNtaba yokuKhanya.' Le dayimani yakudala, yase-India, inobunzima be-186 carats, yayisiwe kuKumkanikazi yiNkampani ye-India ehloniphekileyo ye-East India emva kokuba iPunjab yawa phantsi kolawulo lweBritane Crown ngo-1849. Idayimani yase-Koh-i-noor eneminyaka engamawaka amahlanu. Kwakufuneka izise ithamsanqa kubo bonke abalawuli abangamadoda, kodwa yayingenampembelelo kuKumkanikazi uVictoria okanye kuKumkanikazi uElizabeth, uKumkanikazi uMama, owabeka ilitye kwakhona kwisithsaba sakhe ngo-1938.
I-regal Indian okanye i-opal tiara nayo yenzelwa ukumkanikazi uVictoria ngo-1853. Le tiara yase-oriental yasetwa ngeedayimani ezingama-2,600 ezijikeleze iisaliti ezinkulu ezilishumi elinesixhenxe. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu kamva, ngo-1902, umolokazana kaKumkanikazi uVictoria, uKumkanikazi u-Alexandra, wayecinga ukuba ii-opals zazingenangxaki kwaye zatshintshwa ngeerubhi ezilishumi elinanye, ezazisipho sikaMaharajah kumyeni wakhe, iNkosana yaseWales, ngo-1875.
imibuzo yokwazi isoka lakho
Olunye uthsaba oluphawuleka kwiRoyal Collection nguMqulu kunye noCollet Spike Tiara, isipho somtshato sikaKumkanikazi uMary ngo-1911, saziwa njenge 'tiara kaMakhulu.' Yenziwe ngo-1893, eli qhekeza lobucwebe linama-27 agqwesileyo aphumeleleyo, onke asebenze kwindawo yokubeka i-collet kwaye yagqitywa ngeeparele.
I-Tear Drop Tiara yahlukile ngokujikeleza kwayo. Ifunyenwe nguKumkanikazi uMary usapho lwasebukhosini lwaseRussia ngo-1921, iiperile zayo ezinkulu, ezinokutshintshiselana ngeemeraldi okanye ezinye iigugu ezixabisekileyo, zijikelezwe zizangqa ezibekwe ngedayimani. Ukumkanikazi uElizabeth II wayifumana njengelifa le tiara xa umakhulu wakhe wasweleka e1953 kwaye usayinxiba kwityeli zikarhulumente.
IHanoverian Fringe Tiara yomhla we-1830 kwaye yayiyintandokazi kaElizabethe uMama weKumkanikazi. Amagqabantshintshi ayindlalifa evela kuKing George III kwaye abekwa ngendlela ekhethekileyo, ukuze i-tiara ikwazi ukunxitywa njengomqala. UPrincess Elizabeth wayeyinxibe njenge-tiara emtshatweni wakhe kwiNkosana uPhilip kwi-1947.
Ifana kakhulu nesimbo yiRussia Fringe Tiara. Emile okwe Kokoshink (isithsaba sentloko somlimi omile okwe halo onemvelaphi yaseSythian), itiara yanikezelwa kwiNkosazana yaseAlexandra ngokubhaliselwa kwamanenekazi oluntu kwiJubilee yakhe yoMtshato weSilivere, ngo-1888.
ingakanani ioyile ebalulekileyo kwikhandlela
Ukumkanikazi uElizabeth, uKumkanikazi uMama, wayethanda iidayimani kunye neeperile kanye njengoKumkanikazi uVictoria. NjengoMfazi omncinci u-Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, wayehlala efotwa enxibe i-Bandeau Tiara, enxibe nzulu ezantsi ebunzi, elungele isimbo kunye nemfashini ye-1920. Kwiminyaka kamva, njengoKumkanikazi uElizabethe, wakhetha ukunxiba ii-tiaras zakhe eziphakamileyo, ezifakwe kwisinwele sakhe. Enye yeentandokazi zakhe yayiyinto ebizwa ngokuba yi 'Modern Tiara,' eyenzelwa iidayimani zase Mzantsi Afrika ezazinikwe uKing Edward VII ngu de Beers ngo-1901. Esi sithsaba sasiyilwe ngendlela yesetyhula ehambelanayo ne fleur -de-lis kwindawo ephambili. Yenziwe ngumthengisi wamatye waseFransi uCartier ngo-1953, ipateni, enemigca emithathu yedayimani edibeneyo, eyenza iihexagon ezigcwele iidayimani, iyabonakala ngokulula.
Isiko lalisithi amanenekazi asebukhosini ayetshatile enxibe i-tiara yosapho kunye no-Lady Diana, ekhetha usapho lwakhe uSpencer Tiara, wayengekho ngaphandle xa watshata iNkosana uCharles ngo-1981. UKumkanikazi wamnika esinye isithsaba esixabisekileyo njengesipho somtshato, i-Bow Knot Tiara, eyayiyilwe ngoKumkanikazi uMary ngo-1914. Yenziwe zii-jeweler zasebukhosini i-Garrards yase-London, yayineeperile ezilishumi elinethoba ezilahliweyo, nganye irhangqwe yidayimani. Umphetho ophezulu uhlotshiswe ngomqolo weentolo ezinqabileyo zedayimane, ezimele amaqhina omthandi, into yokuqala esetyenziswe kumakhonkco ngamaRoma.
Inkulungwane yamashumi amabini Tiaras
Ngexesha le-20 leminyaka, iYurophu yatshintsha yaba yindawo elinganayo, kodwa, ngokumangalisayo, i-tiaras kunye ne-regal allure, yasinda. Ukujika kwenkulungwane yayilixesha lotshintsho kunye nokulinga kuzo zonke iintlobo zobugcisa, kwaye ubucwebe babungekho. I-Art Nouveau kunye nentshukumo yayo efanayo e-Bhritane, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Arts kunye ne-Crafts, yavela njengempendulo kwi-Industrial Age yenkulungwane edlulileyo kwaye ijolise ekubuyiseleni ubungcibi bomntu ngamnye. Icandelo laseVienna, elasekwa nguGustav Klimt ngo-1897, lalinxulunyaniswa neWiener Werkstatten edume ngezinto zobugcisa, kubandakanya neJugendstil tiaras. Ukukhuthazwa kwezinto ezininzi zobucwebe kwakusekwe kukufunyanwa okutsha kwendalo, kuboniswe ngendlela entsha, yanamhlanje. E-Bhritane, uFrederick Partridge (1877-1942), wasebenzisa uphondo lweenkomo, iikristali zamatye, kunye nee-enamel zokwenza ii-tiaras zakhe zokuqala kunye nezinomtsalane. URené Lalique (1860-1945), umyili ophambili wezinto zokuhombisa zaseParis zelo xesha, waqhekeza kunye neendibano zesintu zokulinganisa kwaye wayila ii-tiaras ezinomtsalane eziphefumlelwe yimithi, izihlahla, kunye nezinambuzane, zisebenzisa iimpondo zendlovu, uphondo, kunye neglasi. Waqala indlela entsha ebizwa nceda uhlaziye , ukukhula okuvela kwi-enamel ye-cloisonné, evumela ukubonakala kwamagqabi, amagqabi kunye namaphiko ezinambuzane.
Ubucwebe beArt Nouveau babuninzi eParis kwaye banegalelo kwifashoni yezihombiso zentloko ngokwahluka okukhulu. Abaqambi abaziwayo baquka uHenri Vever, uRené Foy, kunye noLa Maison Boucheron, abathi bonke babonisa ii-tiar ezimnandi kwi-Exposition Universelle eParis, ngo-1900. . Ubucwebe kunye neetiyara zazifumene inqanaba lobugcisa endaweni yokusebenza, iziqwenga ezininzi zithanda kakhulu kwaye zibiza imali ukufumana umthengi. Okulusizi kukuba, okuninzi kamva kwathathwa kwaye akuzange kusinde nakwinzala.
Njengoko ifashoni kunye necouture zimisele amandla abo, abayili abaninzi basebenzise ii-tiaras ukubethelela intelekelelo kwiiqoqo zabo. UCoco Chanel uyile uluhlu olupheleleyo lwee-tiaras ngo-1932 kwaye uhombise iimodeli zakhe ngee-comets kunye neenkwenkwezi ezixhonywe emabunzini abo. UMlawuli waseWestminster, owayengumhlobo kaChanel, ngewayephefumlelwe nguye xa waye-odola itiara yedayimane eMaison Lacloche eParis. Yayiza kuba sisipho kumkakhe, uLoelia, owabeka imfashini entsha ngokunxiba esi siqwenga sixabisekileyo sobugcisa beArt Deco ngqo, ukusuka endlebeni kuye endlebeni, ukubumba ubuso bakhe. Uyilo lwalunempembelelo eyomeleleyo yaseTshayina ngesacholo somqala esasifumanekayo esakhiwe kumda wangaphandle.
E-Bhritane, ukubekwa etroneni kuka-King George VI ngo-1937 kwaba yeyona nto ilungileyo yoku-odola ii-tiaras ezintsha, kwaye i-Cartier e-Paris kuthiwa yenze i-Art Deco tiaras ezingama-27 ezahlukeneyo kulo msitho woluntu oluphezulu. Iminyaka yemfazwe kunye neminyaka elandelayo yenkcubeko yolutsha ikhokelele ekuncipheni kweengubo zasebukhosini, kodwa iinkwenkwezi zemiboniso bhanya-bhanya zesilivere, ezinje ngo-Audrey Hepburn, zagcina ubuhle buhleli. Wayejongeka ngathi uyinkosazana ebalekileyo enxibe itiara kwifilimu kaBilly Wyler Iholide yaseRoma , efakwe kwi-1953, kwaye kwakhona, njengoNatasha kwimbali kaTolstoy Imfazwe noxolo , yenziwa ngo-1955.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, ukuvukela kuka-Punk ngeminyaka yoo-1970 kwabuyisa ii-tiaras njengeengxelo zoyilo lwefashoni, ngakumbi evuselelwa nguVivienne Westwood, ekuthiwa wabonwa enxibe isithsaba sakhe se-coral yase-Italiya, ngebhayisikile ejikeleze iLondon. I-Westwood isebenzise i-tiaras kwimiboniso yayo ye-catwalk, ibuyisela izithsaba zakudala ze-Spartan kunye nokuyila iiplastikhi ezinemibala eqaqambileyo. Owona uyilo wokuqala, owenziwe ngo-1997 yayiyithambo lenja efakwe idayimane ngesaphetha, esenokuba sikhuthazwe ngamaqhina othando exesha lika-Victorian.
UGianni Versace wayengumyili owayebhiyozela ubukhazikhazi, kwaye ii-tiaras kwakufuneka zibandakanywe kwingqokelela yakhe. Ngo-1996, waphumelela ibhaso le-Beers nge-tiara yedayimani, eyayinxitywe yinkwenkwezi ye-pop uMadonna, owayethanda oomolokazana banamhlanje, ukuba angaphila ubomi babo ngeehempe kunye nezikipa, kodwa akhethe isinxibo sasebukhosini usuku lomtshato.
UPhilip Treacy, umyili ophezulu waseLondon, uye wenza uninzi lwezixhobo zetiyara zanamhlanje zisebenzisa isinyithi, iikristali kunye neentsiba kuyilo lwakhe lobugcisa. Ubonakala ekhokela inani lamagcisa kunye neengcibi, ezithanda ukubonisa ubuchule bazo kwii-tiaras, kubandakanya uWendy Ramshaw, uJan Mandel, uJan Yager, kunye noViscount Linley (othe, ukuba ngumchweli okumgangatho ophezulu, wayila ngomthi). Imiboniso emininzi emitsha yayikumdlalo obukwiMyuziyam yaseVictoria naseAlbert, kumboniso okhethekileyo ophawula iJubilee yegolide kaKumkanikazi uElizabeth ngo-2002.
Ifashoni yokunxiba ii-tiaras ezixabisekileyo iye yatshintsha-tshintsha ngembali kwaye yahamba kunye nomnqweno woluntu wokulingana okanye ubungangamsha, kodwa ayikapheli. Ukuwa kweenkosi ezininzi zase-Yuropu kusenokwenzeka ukuba kunciphise ukubaluleka kwayo, kodwa okumangalisayo kukuba, uluvo lokuba nobukhazikhazi kunye nephupha lokuba yinkosazana, nokuba lusuku lunye, luqhubekile nokulukuhla izizukulwana kwaye i-tiara ihleli kwifashoni, kwizimbo zayo zakudala njenge nakwiifom zobugcisa ezintsha.
ukupheka kancinci kwi-turkey ngama-200 degrees
Iimpawu zangaphandle zobukumkani
Isithsaba lolona phawu luxabisekileyo nolubalulekileyo ebukhosini. Ngokwesiqhelo yenziwe ngegolide eqinileyo kwaye ihonjiswe ngokutyebileyo ngezinto zokuhombisa, isithsaba sinika amandla kunye nenqanaba kookumkani, ukumkanikazi kunye nabalawuli. Uyilo olusisiseko lweesetyhula lwaluthathwe kwiinguqulelo zangaphambili zeefillets, iisetyhula, kunye needayim. Ezinye izithsaba zibonakaliswe ngeengqameko, ezinokuthi zenziwe nge-monde, umhlobiso we-globular phantsi kwe 'cross formée.' Izithsaba, ezinje ngezithsaba kunye neetaar, bezisoloko ziguqulwa ziphinde zenziwe ngokutsha ngenxa yezizathu zopolitiko okanye ezoqoqosho, kwaye ngokunjalo ne-St Edward's Crown, eyona indala kuzo zonke izithsaba zase-Bhritane, eyayivela kwi-Crown yaseNgilani yakudala, eyaqala kwinkulungwane yethoba. Ifakwe kwi 'Cap of State' yevelvet emfusa, inobunzima obuziikhilogram ezine kwaye imiselwe ngamatye anqabileyo angama-440. Inxalenye yokuqokelelwa kweBritish Royal Crown Jewels egcinwe kwiNqaba yaseLondon.
'I-Reichskrone,' okanye isithsaba soBukhosi obuNgcwele baseRoma, inembali ebalulekileyo kwezopolitiko kunye nembali yenkolo. Eyaziwa nangokuthi yiCrown of Charlemagne, uKumkani odumileyo wamaFrank, owathweswa isithsaba sokuba ngumlawuli waseRoma nguPopu ngo-752, inamacwecwe egolide asibhozo ahonjiswe ngamatye anqabileyo kunye nemifanekiso yebhayibhile. Njenge 'Kaiserkrone des heiligen romischen Reiches deutscher Nation,' yayiseHabsburgs ukusuka ngo-1273 ukuya ku-1806 kwaye isagcinwe kwi-Imperial Schatzkammer eVienna, e-Austria.
Isithsaba sangoku seBritish Imperial State Crown, esenziwe ngo-1838 ku-Queen Victoria kwaye sinxitywa ngukumkani wase-Bhritane ukusukela. Igolide, isangqa esinegolide kunye neengqameko ezine kunye ne-monde kunye 'ne-cross formée,' ifakwe enye yeedayimane ezixabisekileyo kwihlabathi, iCullinan okanye 'Inkwenkwezi yesiBini yaseAfrika,' enobunzima be-309 carats. Kwiminyaka yakhe yamva nje, uKumkanikazi uVictoria wavelisa isitayile sakhe esingathandekiyo kwaye wayethanda uyilo oluncinci lweCoronation Crown. Ixhonywe phezulu entlokweni yakhe ngesigqubuthelo somtya wentambo eguqulweyo emqolo, lo mfanekiso ukumkanikazi ngoyena uqondwa ngokulula zizizukulwana ezizayo.
IiCoronets zizithsaba ezincinci ezinxitywe ngamanumzana aseBritane akumgangatho ophantsi. Eyona coronet iphezulu kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu yeNkosana yaseWales, ilandelwa ziisetyhula ezahlukeneyo zamalungu ahlukeneyo asebukhosini. Imilo kunye nokuhonjiswa kwazo zilandela ulawulo olungqongqo. Isangqa sikaDuke sihonjiswe ngamagqabi amaqunube asibhozo, iMarquess inee-strawberry ezine neeperile ezine, i-Earl ineerandi ezisibhozo ezibusiweyo, zitshintshana namagqabi amaqunube asibhozo, iViscount ineeperile ezilishumi elinesithandathu kwaye iBaron ineeperile nje ezintandathu. Banxibe kuphela kumsitho wokubekwa etroneni komlawuli omtsha.
ungabhalela umongameli ileta
Bona kwakho Ubucwebe; Isinxibo sasebukhosini nasesidlangalaleni; Iindleko zomtshato.
Uluhlu lweencwadi
IiTiaras: Ezidlulileyo nezangoku
Ungcwaba, uShirley. Ubucwebe, 1789-1910: I-Era yeHlabathi , IiVols. 1 no-2. ENew York: IKlabhu yabaQokeleli beAntique, ngo-1991.
UMphathiswa wezeMpilo, uSuzy. Iimpawu zeRoyal. ILondon: Iincwadi zeGrafton, Iqela leCollins Publishing, ngo-1985.
UMunn, uGeoffrey. I-Tiaras, eyadlulayo neyangoku. ILondon: Ushicilelo lweMyuziyam laseVictoria naseAlbert, 2002.
Newman, uHarold. Isichazi-magama esichaziweyo sobucwebe. ILondon: iThames kunye neHudson, Inc., ngo-1981.
IStopford, uFrancis. Ukuthandana kweJewel. ILondon: IHudson kunye neKearns, ngo-1920.
