Umzekelo T
Abaqambi abaliqela banokubanga ukuba benze imoto yokuqala, nangona uninzi lwezithuthi zokuqala zazingafani neemoto zangoku. Ezinye zazinikwa amandla ngumoya kunye nomphunga, kwaye ezinye zazinzima ngendlela emangalisayo kwaye zicotha. Nangona kunjalo, zonke ezi zithuthi zakuqala zanegalelo kuphuhliso lweemoto zanamhlanje.
Amanqanaba okuQala aBalulekileyo eMoto
Abaqambi abaninzi bamazwe ahlukeneyo bathabathe ikhredithi ngemoto yokuqala, kwaye bekukho izinto ezithandabuzekayo kunye neemodeli ezisebenzayo ezivele ezingqondweni zaba bavelisi. Buza uninzi lwabantu abadala, kwaye bacinga ngoko nangoko ngeModeli T kaHenry Ford, kodwa le yayiyimoto yokuqala yendibano. Nanku ukujonga okukhawulezayo kuninzi lokuqala kuphuhliso lwemoto.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo
- Iilori ezinkulu zeFord
- Imbali yeZithuthi zeFord
- Thula iVenkile
Isithuthi sokuqala esiqhutywa ngumoya
Umsunguli wase-Italiya u-Guido da Vigevano weza nesithuthi esisebenza nge-windmill emva phayaa ngonyaka ka-1335. I-windmill yajika amagiya amabini, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba amavili ayo omabini ajike. Akukho mntu waziyo ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ingaba le moto yakha yenziwa na.
Isithuthi sokuqala esiZenzekelayo
Malunga no-1478, uLeonardo da Vinci wayila isithuthi esinezixhobo eziqhutywa ziiwotshi ezihamba ngendlela enamavili angasemva. Akukho rekhodi libonisa ukuba lo matshini wenziwa ngokwenyani ngexesha lobomi bukaDa Vinci, kwaye kangangeminyaka emininzi, ababhali-mbali babethandabuza ukuba uyakusebenza ukuba uyile. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-2004, UMgcini uxele ukuba iinjineli zenze imoto esebenzayo zisebenzisa izicwangciso zikaDa Vinci.
Imibuzo engama-20 yokubuza intombi yakho
Imodeli yokuQala yokuQala ukuSebenza
Ubawo uFerdinand Verbiest, ongumfundisi owayesebenza njengomvangeli e-China, weza noyilo lwesithuthi esisebenza ngomphunga ngo-1678 se-Emperor Cien Lung wase China. Imoto, ebilinganisa phantse ii-intshi ezingama-26 ubude, yayingenkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingahamba nabantu. Akukho mntu uqinisekile ukuba imoto yakha yaveliswa.
Imoto yokuqala yokuSebenza ngeSteam
Ngo-1769, uNicholas Cugnot wakha isithuthi esisebenza ngomphunga esasinzima kakhulu, kangangokuba ukuze imoto iqhube, umqhubi kwakufuneka abeke into yokulwa nobunzima ngasemva. Kwisantya esiphakamileyo seemayile ezimbini ngeyure kunye nobunzima beepawundi ezingama-8000, imoto kaMnu Cugnot yayingumatshini onzima ukuwuqhuba ngaphandle kwentsimbi. Kwiminyaka elikhulu ezayo, iileyili zentsimbi zazithathwa njenge 'ndlela' yazo zonke izithuthi eziqhutywa ngumphunga. Iimbali-mlando ezininzi zijonga imoto kaCugnot njengemoto yokuqala eyenziweyo.
Imoto yokuqala yombane
Umqambi waseScotland uRobert Anderson wakha isithuthi sokuqala sombane kwirekhodi phakathi kuka-1832 no-1839. Imoto yayijongeka njengokukhwelisa ngaphandle kwehashe phambi kwayo.
IiNjini zoQala zokuQala zangaphakathi kwiiMoto
UCharles E. Duryea ekuyilweni kwakhe
UFrechman Etienne Lenoir wasebenzisa igesi kunye neenjini zangaphakathi zomlilo ukunika amandla isithuthi sakhe wasisusa eParis saya e-Joinville emva ngonyaka we-1862. Injini yamandla enesiqingatha yayinkulu, inzima, kwaye ayizange ivelise mpumelelo ininzi kwezemali kuMnu Lenoir.
Injini yokuqala yesilinda esine
Kwakhona ngo-1862, iAlphonse Bear de Rochas yakwazi ukucinezela igesi kwisilinda apho yayiza kutshiswa khona. Inene le yindlela ezisebenza ngayo iimoto zangoku. Nje ukuba irhasi ibekhona kwinqanaba lesilinda, iyacinezelwa kwaye ivelise ukutsha, kwaye umxube oxinzelelweyo uyanyanzelwa uphume kwinkqubo yokukhupha. Oku kwakusaziwa njenge-injini yokuqala yomjikelo wesilinda-ezine.
Injini yokuqala yesilinda eneLungelo elilodwa
Isenzo sikaRe Rochas sokuzisola ngeyona ndlela yayikukungabinayo i-injini yakhe eyisilinda ezine njengoNokolaus Otto ngo-1876. Ngelo xesha, yayisaziwa njenge-Otto engine. U-Otto wadunyiswa ngento eyayiza kuba liqonga lezithuthi zikaDaimler-Benz.
Uyila njani itattoo kwikhompyuter
Imoto yokuqala yeNqwelo yePetroli
UKarl Friedrich Benz wakha imoto yokuqala eyinyani, efana neemoto eziqhutywa ngabantu namhlanje, malunga nonyaka we-1885 okanye owe-1886. Inikwe amandla yinjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kwaye iphenjelelwa yipetroli, le moto yaseJamani yayinamavili amathathu.
Imoto yokuqala yeeNdlela zikaRhulumente
Ngo-1893, uFrank noCharles Duryea benza inqwelo-mafutha eyayisetyenziswa kwizithuthi zikawonke-wonke. Imoto yabazalwana bakaDuryea yayine-enjini ezine-cylinder.
Imoto yokuqala eveliswe ngobunzima
Intlawulelo u-Eli Olds, wodumo lwe-Oldsmobile, waqala rhoqo ukuvelisa iimoto ezihamba ngegesi ngo-1899, enye yezona ziphumelele kakhulu yiCurved Dash Oldsmobile. Injini enye ye-cylinder yayine-tiller steering kunye ne-drive chain. Ixabiso elingaphezu kwama-dollar angama-600, i-Curved Dash Oldsmobile yathengisa iiyunithi ezingama-600 ngo-1901, kwaye ngo-1904, kwathengiswa iiyunithi ezingaphezu kwama-5 000. Imizamo yokuthengisa ngentlawulelo kunye nokuthandwa kwamenza waba ngumvelisi wokuqala wobuninzi bezithuthi zepetroli.
Ubukrelekrele bufika kuMzi mveliso oZenzekelayo
Ukuchonga imoto yokuqala eyenziwe kuxhomekeke kwindlela olichaza ngayo igama elithi 'imoto,' kwaye ingxoxo-mpikiswano inokuphikiswa kangangeenkulungwane. Nangona kunjalo, abenzi abambalwa abaphambili banokubeka ibango lokuvelisa izithuthi zokuqala ezihambileyo, nokuba ibingumphunga, irhasi, umoya, kunye nendlela yewotshi.
