Njengokuba amandla enyukliya ethathwa njengoyindlela efanelekileyo yokuvelisa amandla exesha elide, unokuzibuza, 'Isebenza njani amandla enyukliya?' Impendulo inokukumangalisa ukuba yindlela efanelekileyo yamandla.
Yintoni Amandla eNyukliya
Amandla enyukliya athathwa njenganinzi njengeyona ndlela icocekileyo kuneendlela zesiko zokuvelisa umbane. Ngelixa izityalo zombane zemveli zixhotyiswa ngumphunga oveliswa kukutshiswa kwezibaso, izityalo zamandla enyukliya zivelisa umphunga ngokwahlukileyo.
yimalini ngokunganikezeli ngenjaAmanqaku afanelekileyo
- Ungcoliseko lomoya Imifanekiso
- Iinyani malunga naMandla eSolar
- Izizathu zokonga umbane
Iiathom zeuranium zahlulwe ngokwenkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba kukuqhekeka. Ubushushu obuveliswa yile nkqubo butshintshwa bube ngumphunga kwaye busetyenziselwa ukusebenzisa iiturbines ezivelisa umbane.
Usebenza njani amandla eNyukliya?
Inkqubo apho amandla enyukliya aveliswa khona kuthotho lwamanyathelo:
Ukwahlulwa kweeAtom
Ii-athomu ze-Uranium, ngohlobo lweepellets ezenziwe nge-ceramic, zibekwe kwisiseko se-reactor. Ukuphendula ngetyathanga kuveliswa ngaphakathi embindini, owahlulahlula iiathom. I-Uranium yinto engazinzanga; ngokwahlulahlula, intsimbi iba yinto eyahlukileyo, ezinzileyo. Ubushushu kunye nemitha yimveliso eveliswa yile nkqubo.
Ukufunxa
Iinduku zolawulo zisetyenziselwa ukufunxa ii-neurons zasimahla ezidadayo ezikhutshwe ngexesha lenkqubo yefission. I-Boron (into enqabileyo ye-metalloid element) ekhutshwe emanzini okupholisa inceda ukufunxa ezi zinto nazo. Oku kusebenza ukugcina imitha kunye nokugcina isixhobo sipholile kwaye sikhuselekile.
Ubushushu
Ubushushu kunye nemitha eveliswe yifission iqala ukufudumeza amanzi, okanye isipholisi esingqonge isixhobo sombane. La manzi afezekisa iinjongo ezimbini; igcina isixhobo sombane singabinakuba shushu, ngelixa sithwala ubushushu kunye nomphunga, oya kuthi usebenze iiturbines.
indlela yokubona imiyalezo emidala
Amanzi kunye nokubetha
Amanzi ahamba ngokuqhubekayo kwaye ajikeleze isixhobo sombane kwaye asebenza njengesipholisi. Iiseti ezimbini zemibhobho zithwala esi sipholileyo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwegumbi. Imibhobho ephambili ibonelela ngamanzi abandayo, amatsha ukuya etankini, ngelixa imibhobho yesibini ihambisa amanzi ashushu kunye nomphunga ukuya koomatshini bomoya. Nje ukuba imibhobho yesibini ihambise amanzi ngaphandle kwegumbi elinoxinzelelo, ethintela amanzi ekubileni, amanzi ashushu ayakwazi ukubilisa umphunga kunye namandla ombane. Ezi nkqubo zimbini zemibhobho azikaze zisebenzisane ukuze kugcinwe iqondo lobushushu kwigumbi lilungelelene kwaye kulawula ubushushu kunye nomphunga oveliswa sisixhobo.
Inomsebenzi weNyukliya
Kuba inkqubo yefission ivelisa ubushushu obukhulu kunye nemitha, impendulo yenyukliya kufuneka igcinwe ngalo lonke ixesha. Oku kwenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi:
- I-Uranium yenziwa yaba ziipellethi zeceramic zokulawula imitha.
- Iipellets zipakishwe kwiirandi ze-zirconium ezikhusela kwaye ziqulathe inkqubo yefission.
- Isiseko se-reactor singqongwe ziitoni ezingama-400 zentsimbi ezi-intshi ezisibhozo ubukhulu.
- Isiphendu emva koko sigcinwa kwisiqulatho sesamente kunye nentsimbi yeenyawo ezintathu.
- Inkqubo yokuqala yokubhobhoza yenza itywina elithintela ukubaleka kwezinto ezinemitha yeathom.
Amandla aKhuselekileyo ngokusingqongileyo?
Kweminye imimandla, kuba akukho nto itshisiweyo okanye ikhutshiweyo kwindalo esingqongileyo ngexesha lokuveliswa kwefission, amandla enyukliya anokuqwalaselwa njengowona mthombo wamandla olunge ngakumbi kokusingqongileyo kuneenkqubo ezitshisa izibaso. Akukho gases ye greenhouse iveliswayo, ke ayinayo igalelo kwinto abaninzi abayigqala njengobushushu behlabathi. Ukongeza, i-reactor ayixhomekekanga ekuguqukeni ngenxa yemozulu ngendlela eya kuba ziinjini zomoya okanye amandla elanga. Izixhobo zenyukliya zinokukhupha imisebe evela ekuvuzeni kwiinkqubo eziqulethwe ngokungafanelekanga kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezinto ezingafunekiyo, ezinje nge-uranium kunye nokugcinwa kwemveliso yenkunkuma eqhumayo.
Amanzi okupholisa agalelweyo kokusingqongileyo anganefuthe elibi kwindalo esingqongileyo, ngokuhanjiswa kweetyuwa kunye nesinyithi, nangobushushu obugqithisileyo obukhutshiweyo.
Ukuqonda amandla eNyukliya
Ngokuthatha ixesha lokufumanisa ukuba isebenza njani amandla enyukliya, ungaqala ukuqonda izibonelelo kunye nokusilela kulomthombo ubalulekileyo wamandla. Ukuzifundisa ngamandla enyukliya linyathelo elibalulekileyo eliya ekubeni ube nolwazi malunga neendidi ezahlukeneyo zamandla afumanekayo. Ukuze ube nolwazi olwanene ngokwenyani, thatha ixesha lokufunda ngakumbi malunga nokusebenza kwamandla kunye neminye imithombo yeoyile.
