Nangona abantu abaninzi bevile ukuba iSytrofoam siyingozi kwiplanethi, bambalwa abayiqondayo indlela iStrofoam eyonakalisa ngayo indalo. Fumanisa ifuthe leStrofoam kwiplanethi ukukunceda ukunciphisa umonakalo obangelwe yile nto.
I-Styrofoam yandiswa ngePolystyrene
I-Styrofoam iye yaba yinto eyamkelweyo yemihla ngemihla kangangokuba abantu kunqabile ukuba bayeke ukuqonda ukuba yenziwe nge-polystyrene, iplastiki esekwe kwipetroleum. Ngapha koko, iStyrofoam ligama lezorhwebo lokwandiswa kwepolystyrene (EPS), ibonisa Ingxelo ka-2015 ye-BBC. Icacisa ukuba ubuhlalu be-polystyrene buqhubekiswa kusetyenziswa iikhemikhali ezi-steamed kwaye zanda, zenza into ye-EPS. Ifumene ukuthandwa kuba ayisindi; Ngama-95% omoya. Inika iipropathi ezifanelekileyo zokugquma ezigcina iimveliso zibanda okanye zishushu, kwaye zigcina izinto zikhuselekile ngexesha lokuhambisa ngaphandle kokongeza ubunzima.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo- Amanqaku oNgcoliseko loMhlaba
- Imifanekiso yeMicimbi yangoku yezeNdalo
- Imifanekiso yeZiphumo zokuFudumala kweHlabathi
Nangona kunjalo, kule minyaka idlulileyo ulwazi malunga neziphumo eziyingozi zeSyrofoam / i-EPS kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo ziye zaqokelelwa.
Iinkxalabo zezeMpilo kokusiNgqongileyo
Imiba yezempilo yokusingqongileyo iqala ngezinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza iSyrofoam. Isitayile, umzekelo, sesinye se Izithako eziphambili ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-polystyrene . Nangona Ibhunga laseMelika laseKhemistry amanqaku kukho umahluko kwi-polystyrene (eqinileyo) kunye ne-styrene (ulwelo), kwaye ngelixa kukho umahluko kulwakhiwo lokugqibela, i-styrene iseyinxalenye ye-polystyrene.
indlela yokuthandana neshell eguqukayo
I-Carcinogen enokwenzeka
Inkqubo ye- I-Arhente yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoPhando ngomhlaza Wayesele efumene i-styrene njenge-carcinogen yomntu enokwenzeka ngo-2002 Ingxelo yenkqubo yesizwe yetyhefu ka-2014 kwii-carcinogens (iphepha le-1) elichaza i-styrene 'kulindeleke ukuba ibe ngumhlaza womntu' kwaye linxulunyaniswe nokuvela komhlaza wegazi kunye nomhlaza we-lymphoma.
Iingozi zasemsebenzini emsebenzini
Nangona iArhente yoKhuseleko lwezeNdalo (i-EPA) ingxelo nge-styrene ayikayibeki njenge-carcinogenic, idwelisa iingozi ezininzi zomsebenzi kwabo bavezwa rhoqo ekwenziweni kweemveliso ezenziwe nge-styrene. Ezinye zeziphumo ezibi zempilo ezibandakanyiweyo zibandakanya ukucaphuka kolusu, amehlo, kunye nokuphefumla okuphezulu kunye neziphumo zesisu.
Ingxelo ye-EPA ithi ukubonakaliswa okungapheliyo kwe-styrene kukhokelela kwiingxaki ezingaphezulu, kubandakanya neziphumo ezibi kwiinkqubo zemithambo-luvo kunye nokuphefumla, kwaye mhlawumbi nezintso kunye nesibindi, kunye neminye imiba. Ikwabangele ukwanda kokukhupha isisu kwabasetyhini. Ukunxibelelana ne-styrene engamanzi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa kungakhokelela kwinqanaba lokuqala lokutsha ngokwe Ingxelo ye-NIH .
Ukungcola kokutya
Ukutya kwizikhongozelo zeSyrofoam kungangcoliswa ziikhemikhali ezingena ekutyeni, ezichaphazela impilo yabantu kunye neenkqubo zokuzala. Oku kuyandiswa xa abantu bephinda bakufudumeze ukutya ngelixa bekwisikhongozeli. A isifundo sophando ibonisa ukuba i-styrene inokukhupha i-EPS. Nokuba iBhunga laseMelika laseKhemistry liyavuma ukuba likho Ukuhanjiswa kwe-styrene ukusuka eStyrofoam ukuya kukutya , nangona kubungakanani bemizuzu. Ke abantu abasebenzisa iSyrofoam bayangcoliseka yi-styrene, kwaye banokuba nesifo ngenxa yeempembelelo zempilo.
Inkqubo ye- Iqela elisebenzayo lokusiNgqongileyo (EWG) ifuna i-EPA ukuba inqande i-styrene njengoko ifunyenwe kuma-40% amaMelika. Njengoko ingxelo ye-NIH isitsho, izikhongozeli ziyindlela enye kuphela enokuthi i-styrene ingene ngayo kwimizimba yabantu.
umbala obalaseleyo weenwele ngaphezulu kwama-60
Ungcoliseko lomoya oluvela kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa
Ungcoliseko lomoya ngenxa yokusondela kumzi-mveliso owenza iStyrofoam lelinye ijelo lokufumana iStyrene, ngokweNgxelo yeNIH. Uninzi lweekhemikhali ezisetyenzisiweyo Inkqubo yokuvelisa inetyhefu, kwaye abasebenzi abazenzayo basemngciphekweni omkhulu. Ngapha koko, ukukhutshwa kwezi mveliso kungawungcolisa umoya, kwaye ulwelo kunye nenkunkuma eqinileyo evelisiweyo ifuna ukulahlwa.
Ukusetyenziswa kweHydrofluorocarbon edlulileyo
Ii-HFCs, okanye ii-hydrofluorocarbons ezazisetyenziswa ekuqaleni ekwenziweni kwe-Styrofoam, zakhutshwa ngexesha leenkqubo zemveliso, nangona ngoku zitshintshiwe. Nangona kunjalo, umonakalo wenziwe njenge Ii-HFCs zinegalelo kufudumo lwehlabathi .
Ngoku imveliso yeStrofrofoam isebenzisa icardon dioxide kunye nepentane endaweni yongcoliseko.
Benzene
I-Benzene sesinye isithako esiphambili esisetyenzisiweyo kuyo ukwenza iSyrofoam .
- Kucatshangelwa ukuba yi-carcinogenic eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu engozini yomsebenzi, nokuba ibangele i-leukemia kwiimeko ezinzima, ngokwe-EPA .
- YiVolatile Organic Compound echazwe njengongcoliseko oluphambili yi-EPA, ubukhulu becala esemoyeni, kodwa ifikelela emhlabeni nasemanzini xa ihlanjwe yimvula nekhephu. Emva koko inokungena phantsi komhlaba, kuba inokunyibilika emanzini ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, ngokwe ingxelo ye-NIH .
Dioxins
Dioxins zi Ukuqhubeka kongcoliseko lweOrganic (POP) ezi Isetyenziswa ekwenzeni polystyrene.
Uncedo lwekrisimesi kwiintsapho ezinengeniso ephantsi ngo-2015
- Ii-Dioxins zibangela iingxaki ze-immune kunye ne-hormonal kwaye zichaphazele ukukhula komntwana njengomngcipheko emsebenzini kubasebenzi abachanekileyo.
- Xa iSyrofoam itshiswa ngenxa yamandla okanye ilahlwa, ikhutshelwa kwimeko-bume ekhokelela kungcoliseko lomoya kunye neengxaki zempilo xa uphefumla ngabantu nakwizilwanyana.
IPolystyrene eyandisiweyo ayinabisi
I-Styrofoam ibonakala ihlala ngonaphakade njengoko inganyangeki ifoto , okanye ukophulwa kwezinto zeefotoni ezivela kumthombo wokukhanya. Umbutho weeNtatheli zezeNdalo ithi kufuneka malunga neminyaka engama-500 ukubola.
Iirhafu zeMveliso noKwenziwa ngokutsha kwezinto ebesezisetyenzisiwe
Ngoku ka Inzululwazi yaseMelika , ngo-2014 iitoni ezingama-28 500 zeStyrofoam zaveliswa zaze i-90% yasetyenziselwa ukwenza iikomityi zokusetyenziswa kunye, iitreyi, izikhongozeli kunye neemveliso zokupakisha. Okunye Ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kweSyrofoam zinjengeebhodi zokugquma zophahla, udonga, imigangatho kwizakhiwo, kunye nezinto zokupakisha ezikhululekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba kukupakisha amandongomane.
Ngelixa linokuphinda lisetyenziswe kwakhona, imarike yokurisayikilisha iphinde inciphe. Kwiindawo ezininzi, abantu baxelelwa ukuba iinkampani zabo zokurisayikilisha azizukuyamkela imveliso yeplastiki. Izixhobo zokuqokelela i-curbside okanye ukuyeka amaziko okupakisha kunye nezinto zokutya ayihanjiswanga ngokulinganayo eMelika. Ezo ziphinda zisetyenziswe ziphinde zenziwe kwakhona kwizinto ezinje ngeetafile zokutyela okanye ukupakisha izinto. Abanye bathi bathanda ETexas musa ukwamkela ukupakisha amandongomane okurisayikilisha njengoko ephuka ngokulula kwaye engcolisa imeko-bume, ke jonga into enokuthi kwaye ingenakho ukuphinda isetyenziswe xa kukho iziko elikufutshane nawe.
Yi Kunzima ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona kwizinga elikhulu ngenxa yenkqubo yemveliso ngokwengxelo ka-2015 ye-BBC. Kwaye esi sisizathu sokuba izixeko needolophu zithintele ukusetyenziswa kweStrofoam, ngokwe Ingxelo ka-2015 ye-MSNBC .
Iziphumo zeengxaki zokusingqongileyo ngenxa yeNkunkuma
Ixabiso leNkunkuma yeStrofoam eqokelelekileyo inkulu kakhulu, kuba yi-1% kuphela yeSytrofoam ehlaziywa kwakhona eCalifornia ngokwe-2016. ILos Angeles Times ingxelo yeendaba. Iingxaki ezidalwe ngenxa yenkunkuma eninzi zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:
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I-Styrofoam iyaqhekeka ngokulula ibe ziincinci ezincinci. Umhlaba omncinci kunye nezilwanyana zasemanzini ezisitya ezi ziqwenga ziyafa ngenxa yetyhefu kunye nokuvaleka kwesisu esikhokelela kwindlala, ngokwe Los Angeles Times. - Oku, kudityaniswe nenyani yokuba iSytrofoam asikhaphukhaphu kwaye ke siyadada, oko kuthetha ukuba ekuhambeni kwexesha isininzi se-polystyrene siqokelelene ecaleni konxweme nakwiindlela zamanzi kwihlabathi liphela. Ngenye yezinto eziphambili ze-debris zaselwandle.
- Ngenxa yendalo yayo inyibilikisa ezinye izinto ezingcolisa i-carcinogenic emanzini olwandle njenge-DDT eveliswe kwamanye amazwe, ngokwe Los Angeles Times.
- Ininzi yayo izika emazantsi olwandle apho ingcolisa ulwandle. Xa iintlanzi zitya izinto eziyityhefu eSytrofoam kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisa umoya ezifunxayo, iikhemikhali ziyaqokelelana kwaye zinokwenzakalisa abantu abatya oku kutya kwaselwandle ngokwe Los Angeles Times.
I-Styrofoam iyaqhekeka ngokulula ibe ziincinci ezincinci. Umhlaba omncinci kunye nezilwanyana zasemanzini ezisitya ezi ziqwenga ziyafa ngenxa yetyhefu kunye nokuvaleka kwesisu esikhokelela kwindlala, ngokwe Los Angeles Times.Ayizinzanga
Esinye isizathu sokuba iStyrofoam ibe yingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo kukuba yenziwa ngepetroleum, esisibonelelo esingazinzanga. Ngoku ka ulwazi olupapashwe kwi-Project AWARE , 'Malunga neepesenti ezi-4 zepetroleum esetyenziswa kwilizwe ngalinye unyaka nonyaka isetyenziselwa ukwenza iplastiki, kwaye enye iipesenti ezi-4 isetyenziselwa ukwenza iinkqubo zokwenza iplastiki.' Ukongeza, ukuveliswa kwepetroleum kudala ungcoliseko olunzima.
Nguwuphi umbala we-eyeshadow olungele amehlo aluhlaza
Olunye uhlobo lweStrofrofoam
Ukuza notshintsho olufanelekileyo lwe-Styrofoam / i-EPS kube ngumceli mngeni kwizazinzulu, nangona likho ithemba.
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Inkampani ebizwa Uyilo lweNdalo Ivelise umgca wemveliso yeemveliso ezenziwe kwifungi ezinjenge-Styrofoam-ezinje kwaye zinqwenela ukuba endaweni ezinobuhlobo ngakumbi kwimo engqongileyo yezakhi ezinje ngezinto zokupakisha. - Zininzi izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-bio-composite ifumaneka njenge-insulation enokutshintsha i-Styrofoam kulwakhiwo.
- Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweStrofoam ngezinto ezingasetyenziswanga zangaphambili. Sebenzisa okanye ubuze iikomityi zamaphepha endaweni yeStrofrofoam. Zininzi Iindawo ezithengisa ikofu, iikhefi zaseyunivesithi kwaye Abathengisi beSlpee nikezela ngesaphulelo xa abathengi beza neekomityi zabo kunye neekomityi. Abanye bade banikezele ngamathuba okwabelana ngeekgs.
Inkampani ebizwa Yenza i-Eco-Friendly Choice
Ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwiStrofoam yeyona ndlela yokunciphisa imveliso kunye nefuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza ukhetho olu-eco-friendly lokuphelisa ukusetyenziswa kweSyrofoam, jonga iimveliso ezenziwe kwizixhobo ezinokuphinda zenziwe, eziqukethe izinto ezinokuboliswa ziintsholongwane, kunye nezo ziphinda zisetyenziswe ngokulula.
