I-Oak ligama eliqhelekileyo leentlobo ezininzi zeentlobo ze-Quercus eneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithi. Zazalelwa kumantla e-hemisphere kwaye zibandakanya zombini iintlobo ezinqabileyo kunye nezihlala ziluhlaza. Iintlobo ze-evergreen zihlala zibizwa ngokuba 'yi-oki ephilayo' kwaye ayiloqela lezityalo ezahlukeneyo.
Inkcazo yeQuercus - i-Oak enamandla
Ngokwenkcubeko, i-oki luphawu lwamandla kunye nonyamezelo. Ngumthi wesizwe waseJamani, i-United Kingdom, kunye ne-United States. I-Oaks yathathwa njengengcwele ngamaCelt, kwaye igama lababingeleli babo, idruid, livela kumagama om-oki kunye nolwazi.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo- Zeziphi iiBerries ezikhula emithini?
- Isikhokelo sokuchongwa komthi ngamanyathelo alula
- Imifanekiso yezityalo ezikhula ebusika
Imithi ye-Oak ikhula kancinci ukuya kubude obude obuziimitha ezilikhulu ngokusasazeka kwamashumi amahlanu ukuya kumashumi asibhozo eenyawo. Ziyimithi ebanzi yamagqabi. Uninzi lwamagqabi e-oki, nangona ayingawo onke, aneemitha ezi-lobed ezijika zibe tyheli okanye zimdaka ekwindla. Isiqhamo esityiwayo y nut, ebizwa ngokuba yi-acorn ngesiNgesi.
Um-oki uhlala iminyaka engama-200 ukuya kuma-600. I-Oaks isetyenziswa njengezityalo zokutya yimibungu yeentlobo ezininzi zeLepidoptera.
Ucalulo lwezeNzululwazi
- UBukumkani -Iplantae
- Icandelo - Magnoliophyta
- Iklasi - Magnoliopsida
- Umyalelo -Iintsomi
- Usapho - Fagaceae
- Uhlobo - UQuercus
Ukuhlakulela i-Oak
I-Oaks ikhetha inzulu, ityebile, ine-asidi ene-asidi eninzi enezinto ezininzi eziphilayo. Kodwa ke ziyanyamezelana neminye imihlaba. Amagqabi awo ane asidi encinci, kwaye ukuba ayivunyelwa ukuba ibe ngumgquba apho iwela khona, iya kuthi ngokuthe ngcembe itshintshe umhlaba uye kwinqanaba lomthi elikhethiweyo le-pH.
Le mithi ikhula kakuhle kwilanga elipheleleyo ukuya kumthunzi okhanyayo. Uninzi lwe-oki luyanyamezela ungcoliseko lwedolophu kunye netyuwa yomhlaba, ke zihlala zikhuliswa njengemithi yasesitalatweni. Bomelele kumda we-4.
Uninzi lweentlobo ze-oki zikhetha umhlaba ofumileyo ngokulinganayo, kodwa ziyanyamezelana neemeko ezimanzi nezomileyo zakuba zimiselwe.
I-Oaks ifuna ukulungiswa okuncinci. Umthi ofileyo okanye owonakeleyo unokususwa nangaliphi na ixesha. Okunye ukuthena kufanele kwenziwe ngasekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Imithi kufuneka ifakwe kwenye ngexesha lincinci. I-Oaks kufuneka ifakwe entwasahlobo yeziphumo ezilungileyo. Nkcenkceshela izithole ezifakwe rhoqo kumaxesha amabini okuqala, de kufike iingcambu.
Imbewu ye-Oaks ngokwayo ngokulula ukuba ii-acorn zishiyekile emhlabeni.
Iingxaki zokuBukela
Uninzi lwe-oki alukhathazwa zizitshabalalisi okanye zizifo. Ezona zifo zixhaphakileyo sisikhunta samanzi, ukufa kwe-oki ngesiquphe (Phytophthora ramorum), kunye nefungus, oki. Imithi emidala inokuba nengxaki yokubola kwengcambu.
Ukusetyenziswa kweMithi ye-Oak
Uninzi lwe-oki yimithi emikhulu! Zihlala zityalwa njenge-specimen kunye / okanye imithi yomthunzi. Amagqabi eentlobo ezininzi ajika aqaqambe igolide ekwindla.
I-oki yimithi yomthi onzima, kwaye ithengiswa ngexabiso ngefenitshala kunye nomgangatho, ngakumbi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-oki ebomvu kunye ne-oki emhlophe. Ixolo lomthi we-oki lisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa isivalo sewayini kunye neebhotile zomnquma. Iindidi ezininzi zixabisiwe ngokwenza imiphanda kwiwayini endala nakwimimoya; iinkuni zom-oki zinegalelo kwincasa yemveliso yokugqibela.
Ngokwesiko, i-oki emhlophe yomiswa kwaye isetyenziswa kumalungiselelo onyango. I-oki bark ityebile nge-tannin, kwaye isasetyenziswa ekulusukeni ulusu. Ii-acorn zinokuba ngumgubo, zosiwe ngekofu yomngqusho, okanye zisetyenziswe njengomthombo wokutya kweminye imfuyo.
Iindidi ze-Oak-Ukusuka kwiVictorian yegadi
I-Oak Chestnut
I-Chestnut Oak (iQuercus Acuminata) - Umthi omde onobude obungaphezulu kweenyawo ezili-150, onamaxolo angwevu angwevu kunye namagqabi afana ne-chestnut, akhazimlayo kumphezulu ongaphezulu nangwevu ngaphantsi. Oku kunokuba luncedo kakhulu kwi-Oak kwimihlaba ethile yase-Bhritane ekucingelwa ukuba iyalingana ne-Oak yethu. EMpuma States naseKhanada, nasentshona, kumhlaba owomileyo wekalika.
Um-oki omhlophe
I-White Oak (iQuercus Alba) - Umthi wehlathi ocoliweyo, maxa wambi ongangeemitha ezili-150 ukuphakama, unamagqabi atyebileyo kodwa angabhalwanga ngqindilili, kunye namagxolo angwevu akhula epleyitini. Inzalelwane yaseKhanada kunye nangasentla eMelika, ubunzima bayo akufuneki buthandabuzwe, kwaye iinkuni zinzima kwaye zinzima kwaye zilungile.
I-Oak yaseTurkey
I-Oak yaseTurkey (iQuercus Cerris) - Lo ngumthi obaluleke kakhulu kwigadi kunye nepaki. Nangona ayifani ne-Oak eqhelekileyo ekukhuleni nasekuthambekeni kwamasebe, ibonakala ngokulula ngamagqabi ayo aluhlaza anzulu kunye namaqabunga asikiweyo, kunye nee-acorn zayo ezinobusi. Kukhawuleza kakhulu ekukhuleni, kwaye kuya kuchuma ekukhanyeni nakwimihlaba eyahlukeneyo. Igcina amagqabi ayo ixesha elide kuneminye imithi, kwaye ezinye zeentlobo zayo zihlala ziluhlaza. Inkulu yezi yiLucombe Oak, umthi wokukhula okumnandi, onyuka ngokukhawuleza uye kwi-cone ende yamagqabi kwaye ugcina amagqabi awo kubusika obuphakathi. IFulham Oak ngumthi ofanayo wemvelaphi ye-hybridi. Ikwahlala iluhlaza okwahlukileyo, kwaye yahlukile kwiLucombe Oak ikakhulu kumkhwa wayo wokukhula usasazeka ngakumbi. Udidi olwaziwa njenge Q. austriaca sempervirens luhlobo lweTurkey Oak sub-evergreen in character and of medium grow, and luncedo kwizitiya ezincinci. Ezi ndidi kunqabile ukuba zilingane nomthi wasendle ngobuhle okanye isimilo, kwaye zinengxaki yokunyuswa ngokuxhunyelelwa, ezibathintelayo ekubeni bafikelele kubukhulu kunye nesidima somthi wasendle.
Ubomvu oak I-Scarlet Oak (i-Quercus Coccinea) -Umthi wehlathi, kwilizwe lawo lokuzalwa ukhula ube ziimitha ezili-160 ukuphakama, kwaye yenye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo ze-N. American Oaks. Ngumthi omhle ngawo onke amaxesha onyaka, kodwa ngakumbi ekwindla, xa isityebi esityebileyo kunye nebomvu kraca kumagqabi awo mhle kakhulu.
Oak waseHungary
I-Oak Hungarian (iQuercus Conferta) - Lo ngumthi obekekileyo kwilizwe lawo, kwaye yenye ye-Oaks ekhula ngokukhawuleza kulimo. Unamagqabi amakhulu kakhulu kune-Oak eqhelekileyo, kwaye asikwe ngendlela efanayo. Ngu-Oak olungileyo ukutyala njengomthi wexesha elizayo, kuba womelele kakhulu kwaye ukhula kakuhle phantse kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlaba.
ukuba mawuthini kumntu osentlungwini
Bur Oak
I-Bur Oak (iQuercus Macrocarpa) - Umthi omkhulu wehlathi ophakame kangangeemitha ezili-160, esiqwini sinobude obuziimitha eziyi-8, kwaye ubukhulu becala, bibhityile, buthambile, kodwa bunamagqabi amade, abengezela ngaphezulu icala kwaye mhlophe ngezantsi. Imithi ilungile kwaye inzima. Inzalelwane yemihlaba etyebileyo esuka eNova Scotia ukuya eManitoba nakumazantsi.
Thumela i-Oak I-Post Oak (i-Quercus Minor) - Umthi omde, ngamanye amaxesha ukwimo yawo eyi-100 yeenyawo eziphakamileyo, enegrey engwevu erhabaxa kunye ne-incised ngokunzulu kodwa amagqabi amdaka. Inkuni inzima kakhulu kwaye ihlala ixesha elide. N. Melika.
Amanzi oki
I-Oak Oak (iQuercus Nigra) - Umthi wehlathi, nangona ungekho mde njengamanye ama-Oaks-80. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokulima ezibizwa ngokuba yi-nobilis, enamaqabunga ama-intshi ama-9 okanye ngaphezulu ubude obuluhlaza. Yenza umthi omncinci mhle. Kumhlaba omanzi kwaye ufumile, u-E no-W. United States, nakumazantsi.
Izikhonkwane ze-Oak
I-Pin Oak (Quercus Palustris) - Umthi wehlathi onobude obude obuli-120 leenyawo. Ngenye ye-Oaks ekhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ubuhle bayo obuphambili luhlaza oluhlaza, phantse otyheli, wamagqabi atyhilekileyo ngoMeyi kunye neetayitile ezityebileyo zasekwindla. Kungekudala yenza umthi ocolekileyo, kwaye yenye yezona zilungileyo ukutyala kwiindawo ezinomgxobhozo, njengoko ukhula ngokwendalo kulomhlaba. Amagqabi asikwe ngokunzulu, aluhlaza oqaqambileyo kwaye agudile. N. Melika.
I-Oak yaseBritane
I-Oak yase-Bhritane (i-Quercus Pedunculata) -Iyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwimithi yase-Bhritane, kwaye intle kakhulu ebudaleni kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ngokufanayo ngomthi, ipaki, uleqwa, yimilambo, nakwilizwe lamadlelo, kwaye enye ingena kumhlaba wasekhaya Urhulumente omdala, enika umthunzi oqaqambileyo kunye nobuhle obuhle befom, njengaseShrubland nakwezinye iindawo ezininzi. I-Botanists inika le kunye ne-Oak yase-Bhritane phantsi kwegama eliqhelekileyo lika-Q. Robur, kodwa ayilunganga, njengoko ii-Oaks zahlukile ngokwendlela nangesiqhelo. Kwiintlobo ezahlukileyo kuhlobo lokukhula ezona zibalaseleyo zii-fastigiata okanye i-pyramidalis, ekwahlobo olufanayo lokukhula njenge-Lombardy Poplar, kodwa ayikhuli kangako. I-Oaking Oak (var. Pendula) iyalila njenge-Ash Yokulila, kwaye ngumlimi onamandla kunye nomthi omuhle nomhle. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezinamagqabi asikiweyo, awona ahlukileyo abizwa ngokuba yi-filicifolia, okanye i-Oak-leaved Oak, heteraphylla, kunye ne-scolopendrifolia, enamagqabi afana nolwimi oluncinci lwe-Harts-Fern. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zohlobo oluqhelekileyo kunye neCypress Oak, kodwa azibalulekanga kangako kwimpembelelo yomhlaba njengeentlobo ezithatha umbala wendalo. Okwangoku asikaze sibone naluphi na uhlobo lom-oki oluhle njengomthi wasendle. Ihlala isemahlathini ngaphezulu kwe-100 yeenyawo ukuphakama, inika isixa esikhulu semithi exabisekileyo. Amagqabi awela kwangoko kunalawo e-Durmast Oak, kwaye ahluka kakhulu kwimibala etyheli nebrawuni ekuqaleni kokukhula.
UWillow Oak
I-Willow Oak (iQuercus Phellos) - Umthi wehlathi ophakame kangangeenyawo ezingama-80, kwaye ngokungafaniyo neminye imi-Oak kumagqabi awo, emxinwa kwaye inde njengaleyo yeWillow kwaye imhlophe ngaphantsi, inika umthi ubonakale usilvery ngemini enomoya. Ayingomthi oqhelekileyo, nangona waziswa e-N. America kwinkulungwane ephelileyo. Kukukhula kancinci kwiindawo ezibandayo nakwimihlaba, kwaye kukhula kakuhle kwaye kukhula ngokukhawuleza kwimihlaba ekhanyayo efumileyo, ngakumbi kumhlaba ongaphantsi omdongwe. N. Melika.
Umgxobhozo we-White Oak
I-Swamp White Oak (iQuercus Platinoides) -Umthi omkhulu wehlathi onamaxolo aluhlaza aluhlaza, kwaye kwimeko yawo efanelekileyo ufikelela kubude obungaphezulu kweenyawo ezili-100, unamagqabi anekona kancinane kunye nee-acorn kwizikhondo ezinde. Inomthi olungileyo, onzima, owenziwe ngokusondeleyo, kwaye iyinzalelwane yomhlaba ofumileyo nonamanzi eCanada nasentshona ukuya eMichigan.
'' 'Ilitye le-Ostnut Oak' '
I-Rock Chestnut Oak (iQuercus Prinus) - Ngamanye amaxesha ifikelela kubude beenyawo ezili-100, amagqabi afana ne-chestnut, kwaye ephethe i-acorn edliwayo, kumhlaba owomileyo. Amazwe aseMpuma naseOntario nasemazantsi.
I-Oak yentshatsheli
I-Oak yeChampion (Quercus Rubra) -Umthi wehlathi ophakamileyo ophakame kangangeenyawo ezili-150, kwaye ngowona mthi mhle waseMelika, ophawuleka ngobutyebi bawo ekwindla. Ngumthi wepaki ococekileyo, kwaye wenza nomthi omhle womthunzi wengca. Ikhula kakuhle kumhlaba okhululekileyo nonzulu, kwaye ikhawuleza kakhulu ekukhuleni kumhlaba ofumileyo kunakwimihlaba eyomileyo. I-Canada kunye ne-Mpuma States.
UDurmast Oak
I-Durmast Oak (Quercus Sessiliflora) - Uhlobo lwesibini lweBritish Oak, kwaye luhlala lubandakanyiwe no-Q. Pedunculata, kodwa yahlukile kumbono wezityalo, awuhlali ixesha elide okanye umthi obekekileyo. Asingowona mthi wehlathi weyona mithi mihle kumazwe asentla, kwaye unesiqu esithe nkqo nesombumbulu kunye nohlobo lomthi nangaphezu kwe-Oak eqhelekileyo, ungowombala oluhlaza ogqamileyo, onamagqabi amakhulu, kwaye onika indawo yokufihla engcono umhlaba ongaphezulu wamagqabi. . Amagqabi amade kancinci kunalawo amanye ama-Oak wethu omthonyama, ngamanye amaxesha, kubusika obunqabileyo, ahlala emthini de kufike amanye. Indawo yokuhanjiswa kwayo yahlukile kancinci, ikhula kancinci emathafeni nasezihlanjeni kunenye i-Oak, kodwa ihlala emathafeni kunye namathambeka eenduli neentaba, enyuka ukuya kuma-3,000 ukuya kuma-4,000 eenyawo, kwaye yahlukile kwi-Oak eqhelekileyo ekuchumeni kwayo , umhlaba oyisanti nomhlaba okhathalayo. Iimpawu zomthi weentlobo ezimbini ziye zaxoxwa kakhulu, mhlawumbi zihlala zididekile yimpembelelo yomhlaba. Iinkuni ze-Q. Sessiliflora ngokubanzi kucingelwa ukuba azinzima kangako kwaye ziyamelana kancinci kunaleyo ye-Oak eqhelekileyo. Inefayibha ethe nkqo kunye neenkozo ezintle. Ineendidi ezininzi zexabiso elincinci.
Um-oki omnyama I-Oak Oak (Quercus Velutina) - Umthi omde ukuya kwii-150 iinyawo, i-bark engaphandle ibumnyama obumnyama kakhulu kunye namagqabi aqingqiweyo. Kunqabile kuthi kwaye kufanelekile ukuvavanywa kwimbewu etyalwe apho sinqwenela ukuba ikhule khona, okanye kwizityalo ezisencinci zezithole. EMantla eUnited States, eCanada, nasentshona, nakwimimandla esemazantsi.
UQuercus Acuta
UQuercus Acuta - Umthonyama waseJapan, onamagqabi amnyama afele yesikhumba malunga nobukhulu bezo zixhaphakileyo-uCherry Laurel. Akukhange kube kudala kweli lizwe ukuba umntu akwazi ukugweba ukufaneleka kwakhe njengomthi omdala, kodwa nanjengehlahla yinto entle. Q. I-Buergeri robusta yifom enkulu eneflati enkulu.
UQuercus Agrifolia
I-Quercus Agrifolia -I-Enceno yonxweme lwaseCalifornia yi-Oak eyahlukileyo engafane ibonwe kwizitiya, kwicala elingafaniyo nezinye iindlela ze-Q. Ilex, kodwa amagqabi ayimibala eyahlukileyo eluhlaza. Ugqirha Engelmann uthi 'ngumthi omkhulu, onesiqu, isiqu esisezantsi, uhlala u-8 ukuya kwi-12 iinyawo, ngamanye amaxesha i-16 ukuya kwi-21 iinyawo, kwisazinge, kunye nokusasazeka kwamasebe e-120 iinyawo.'
I-Oak yaseCalifornia ePhilayo
ICalifornian Live Oak (iQuercus Chrysolepis) -Ukujikeleza konxweme kunye nakumathambeka asentshona eSierra Nevada, yenza umthi i-3 ukuya kwi-5 yeenyawo ububanzi be-stem, okanye, kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, incitshisiwe yaba sisihlahla. Inamagqabi aluhlaza amnyama amhlophe amhlophe, anombala wegolide emazantsi, kwaye kwilizwe lawo lokuzalwa ngumthi oluhlaza ohlala uluhlaza.
UQuercus Coccifera
I-Quercus Coccifera - Ityholo elishinyeneyo elinamagqabi amancinci amnyama aluhlaza kunye nee-acorn ezincinci, zihlala zingabalulekanga kune pea, ezivuthayo ngoku e-England. S. Yurophu.
zeziphi izilwanyana ezisehlathini
UQuercus Densiflora
Umthi ngama-50 ukuya kuma-60 eenyawo ukuphakama, kwezinye iindawo uhlala usisihlahla. E-Kew ikhula ngokukhululekileyo kwiindawo ezinendawo ekhuselekileyo, kwaye ivelise amagqabi aluhlaza acwebezelayo ngombala oluhlaza ocacileyo, kulwandlalo ngandlel 'ithile njengaleyo yeChestnut encinci yaseSpain. Iintaba zaseCalifornia.
UQuercus Glabra
I-Quercus Glabra -I-Oak yaseJapan, enamagqabi amakhulu amahle, ii-acorn ezithwalwa ziipikhi ezime nkqo. Iindidi ezininzi zikhankanyiwe kwiikhathalogu, kodwa azifani kwaphela. E-Kew olu hlobo lwenza ityholo elikhulu, kwaye lomelele ngokwaneleyo.
UQuercus Ilex
I-Quercus Ilex -Eyona yaziwa kakhulu ye-Evergreen Oaks, kunye neyona ibaluleke kakhulu eBritane. Imithi emidala, evunyelweyo ukuba inendawo eninzi kwaye ivunyelwe ukuba ikhule ngokwendalo, iyafana nemilo yeminquma yonxweme lwase-Italiya kunye neRiviera. Yenye yezona zinto zahluke kakhulu kwii-Oaks, kodwa zimbalwa iindidi ezinamagama-kwaye zininzi-zintle kakhulu njengohlobo lwasendle.
Cork Oak
I-Oak Cork (iQuercus Suber) -I-Oak Cork, ngaphandle kokukhula okunomdla kwi-bark yayo, ayifani tu ne-Holm Oak. Kukho imithi emidala yalapha eMount Edgcumbe, eGoodwood, nakwezinye iindawo, nangona iCork Oak ingomelelanga ngokwaneleyo kwimozulu yethu ngokubanzi.
Phila oki
Live Oak (Quercus Virens) -Kwilizwe lawo lokuzalwa umthi wexabiso lokuqala lezoqoqosho, ufanele zonke ii-encomiums ezidluliswe nguCobbett eWoodlands yakhe. Yonke imithi eNgilane endiyibonileyo phantsi kweli gama, nangona kunjalo, ziifom ze-Q. Ilex, kwaye ndiyathandabuza ukuba ikhona na imithi emihle yemiqadi yenene ye-Q ekulinyweni kweli lizwe.
Iifoto ze-Oak
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Hombisa indawo yakho nge-Oak
Ubuhle obubalasele bom-oki ngokwenene buyinto emangalisayo. Ukuba awunayo enye indawo ekuyo umhlaba wakho, jonga kwivenkile yakho yasekuhlaleni yegadi ukufumana izinto ezahlukeneyo ezihambelana nemozulu kwingingqi yakho.
