E-United States, malunga Iipesenti ezingama-40 Zonke izibini ezitshatileyo ezinabantwana ziintsapho ezihlanganisiweyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba kwikhaya ngalinye kula, ubuncinci isiqingatha sesi sibiniukunceda ukukhulisa abantwana beqabane labo. Umbuzo uhlala uphakanyiswa, ngawaphi amalungelo abanawo abazali besibini xa kufikwa kubantwana bomtshato wabo, hayi kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla, kodwa ukuba umtshato uphela ngoqhawulo-mtshato?
iikowuti malunga nokukhumbula umntu owaswelekayo
Amalungelo oMtshato oTshatileyo oMzali kubomi bemihla ngemihla
Nokuba iqabane lakho lineprayimari, kwabelwana ngalo okanye lilodwaukugcina abantwana bakhe, okanye nokuba undwendwele kuphela, uya kuba uhlala phantsi kophahla olufanayo njengabakho abantwana-bakho-bodwa ixesha elithile. Oku kuthetha ukuba ekugqibeleni kuya kufuneka ujongane nengqeqesho, imiba yezonyango kunye neyesikolo. Njengomzali wesibini, ngawaphi amalungelo onawo okuthatha inxaxheba kwezi zigqibo?
Amanqaku afanelekileyo- Iingcebiso zaBantwana abaBodwa baba ngumzali
- Indlela Yokuqhubana Nomntwana Womtshato Okuthiyileyo
- Imiqondiso ye-6 Lixesha lokuba uyiFowunele kwiSapho eliDibeneyo
Ngaba uMzali-woMzali nguMgcini osemthethweni?
Umzali wesibini akanguye nje umgcini osemthethweni wabantwana bomtshato wabo. Amalungelo omntwana ahlala kubo bobabini abazali emva kwendaloUkwahlukana okanye uqhawulo-mtshatokwaye adluliselwa kuphela kumzali womzali olandelayo ngokulandela iinkqubo zomthetho nakwiimeko ezigwenxa. Njengomzali wesibini, awunagunya lokwenza izigqibo zomthetho kumntwana wakho wesibini ngaphandle kokuba ulandele amanyathelo asemthethweni ukufumana eli lungelo.
Ngaba uMzali woMzali angaba nguMgcini oMiselweyo?
UKUYA Umzali ongumzali unokuba ngumgcini osemthethweni ngokufumana inkundla eyalela ukugcinwa komntwana womtshato wesibini.
- Ukugcinwa kukunika amalungelo afanayo ngomntwana njengoko umzali wendalo ebeya kuba nawo.
- Unokufumana kuphela ukugcinwa ngokusemthethweni ukuba omnye okanye bobabini abazali babo bendalo abakwazi okanye abafuni kukhathalela umntwana.
- Ukuqala le nkqubo, kuya kufuneka ufumane uxwebhu lwezikhalazo kwi-ofisi kanobhala wenkundla yendawo okuyo.
Inyathelo lokuQala kunye noLuleko
Xa abantwana besekhaya, ngokungathi ubungumgcini wosana okanye umongikazi, unoxanduva ngempilo yabo nokuba sempilweni kwabo. Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba abazali bendalo bakhokele kuqeqesho lwabantwana babo abanabazali abathandayo abadlala indima yokuxhasa. Oku kuthetha ukuba, njengomzali wesibini, wena (neqabane lakho) nilawula izinto ezinje:
- Ukumiliselwa nokunyanzeliswa kwexesha lokufika ekhaya
- Ukohlwaya ngokwaphula imithetho yasekhaya
- Nika imisebenzi yasekhaya
- Ukuthatha isigqibo sokuba loluphi uhlobo losasazo umntwana anokuvezwa kulo (imidlalo yevidiyo enogonyamelo, umabonwakude okanye iimuvi ezijongwa 'njengokukhula,' njl.
Amanyathelo aBazali kunye neeRekhodi zeSikolo
Njengenxalenye ye- UMthetho woLuntu wamaLungelo eMfundo kunye neMfihlo (FERPA), abazali banelungelo lokuhlola nokuphonononga iirekhodi zesikolo sabantwana babo. Ngaphantsi kwe-FERPA, 'umzali' ngu Itolikwe ukuba ibandakanye umzali womzali kuba 'ngumntu ozimeleyo ongumzali xa kungekho mzali okanye umgcini' okoko nje umzali womzali wokuqala ehlala nomntwana wokutshata ubuncinci bexesha.
- Abazali abatshatileyo abatshatileyo abahlala kunye nomntwana wabo wesibini ngokuzenzekelayo banelungelo lokufumana kunye nokuphononongwa kweerekhodi zesikolo somntwana wesibini.
- Umzali ngamnye wendalo unelungelo lokutyumba nabani na abafuna ukufikelela kuye ukuphonononga iirekhodi zesikolo somntwana wakhe.
- Awudingi mvume yomnye umzali wendalo ukuba uchonge iqabane / iqabane lakho ilungelo lokufikelela kwiirekhodi zesikolo somntwana wakho.
- Abazali abangatshatanga-abangatshatanga banokufikelela ngokusemthethweni kumlingane wabo ukuba amaqabane abo amtyumbele eli lungelo kunye nesikolo.
Abazali abangabazali kunye nezigqibo zesikolo
Ukuba abazali bomtshato wesibini abafumananga kugcinwa ngokusemthethweni, abanalungelo lokwenza izigqibo malunga nokufunda komntwana womtshato wesibini. Ngelixa ungathatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokwenza izigqibo ngokuxoxa ngezigqibo zesikolo kunye neqabane lakho, awunalo ngokuzenzekelayo ilungelo lokwenza izigqibo ngokwakho.
Inyathelo-Abazali kunye nohambo
Abazali bokutshata banokuhamba bodwa nabantwana babo bomtshato wesibini. Ukuba wena kunye nomntwana wakho wesibini niza kuthatha uhambo lwedwa, nokuba kungaphandle korhulumente okanye ngaphandle kwelizwe, licebo elihle ukuba iqabane lakho (kunye nomnye umzali, ukuba kunokwenzeka, nangona kungafuneki) batyikitye ifom yemvume ukugunyazisa ukuba uhambe nomntwana.
indlela yokuphendula ndiyakuthanda
Inyathelo labazali kunye nezigqibo zonyango
Abazali abangabazali abanawo amalungelo asemthethweni okuvuma unyango kunyango-lwabantwana babo kwiindawo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindlela zomthetho zokutshintsha oku.
Amanyathelo aBazali kunye neziGqibo eziQhelekileyo zoNyango
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba unegunya lokusingatha nayiphi na imiba yezonyango enokuthi ivele, iqabane lakho linakhosayina ifom yemvumeegunyazisa ukuba yenza izigqibo zonyango yomntwana.
- Kwamanye amazwe, ungafaka ifayile yaMandla eGqwetha ukuze unike amalungelo okwenza izigqibo kunyango kumzali womzali.
- Kwamanye amazwe, ungasitshintsha ngokusemthethweni isivumelwano sakho sobuzali ukuze ubandakanye amalungelo ezonyango ongena kumzali.
- Ikopi kufuneka igcinwe kunye neerekhodi zonyango zomntwana.
- Kuya kufuneka ugcine ikopi ngesandla xa unokundwendwela ugqirha ongenguye ugqirha ophambili womntwana.
- Ukutyikitya kweqabane lakho kwifom yemvume kwanele ukukunika igunya lokuthatha izigqibo zonyango kumntwana wakho womtshato; utyikityo lomnye umzali aluyomfuneko.
Inyathelo-Abazali kunye nezigqibo zezoNyango eziNgxamisekileyo
Kwimeko yongxamiseko lokwenyani xa umntwana wakho wesibini efuna unyango olukhawulezayo olusindisa ubomi, uninzi lwezibhedlele luya kumnyanga umntwana ngaphandle kwemvume yomzali wendalo.
Amalungelo oMzali wokuQala emva koQhawulo-mtshato
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubudlelwane phakathi komzali womtshato wesibini kunye nomntwana ongumlingane buyaqhawuka xa uqhawulo-mtshato luphelile. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabazali bamanyathelo bafuna ukuqhubeka nolwalamano lwabo nabantwana babo abatshatileyo. Ukuba abantwana bangabantu abadala, isigqibo sokuqhubeka kobudlelwane siphakathi komzali womzali kunye nomntwana womtshato. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wokutshata usemncinci, iindlela zokubuyela kubazali besibini zilinganiselwe. Amalungelo omzali wenyathelo lokugqibela ayahluka ukusuka kurhulumente ukuya kwilizwe.
umyeni wam usweleke ndenzeni
Amalungelo oNonophelo loMzali-woMzali
INkundla Ephakamileyo yaxhasa isigwebo ngo-2000 ukuba abazali 'banelungelo elisisiseko lokwenza izigqibo ngokubhekisele kunyango, ukugcinwa kunye nolawulo' lwabantwana babo.
- Oku kubandakanya ilungelo lokuthatha isigqibo sokuba ngubani onokufikelela kumntwana wabo.
- Ngenxa yoko, iinkundla zikwenze kwaba nzima ngabazali abangabazali ukuba bafumane ilungelo lokugcina umntwana wabo wesibini ngenxa yenkcaso yomzali.
- Kwinkoliso yamazwe, umzali-wesibini unokucela kuphela ukugcinwa komntwana omtshatayo ukuba abazali bakhe bemvelo baswelekile okanye bakhubazekile kwaye abanako ukukhathalela umntwana.
Amalungelo oTyelelo lwaBazali abaBodwa
Ngelixa abazali bomtshato wesibini banokungabinamalungelo okugcina emva komtshato, bahlala benethuba lokufumana ngokusemthethweni ucele ukutyelelwa nomntwana.
- Amashumi amabini anantathu Amazwe anemithetho egunyazisayo amalungelo okundwendwela kwabazali abangabazali.
- Amanye amazwe alishumi elinesithathu, anjengeOhio, iVirginia, kunye ne-Wyoming, avumela abantu abanomdla ukuba bacele amalungelo okundwendwela, kunye nabazali abangabazali abamkelekileyo.
- IAlabama, iFlorida, iIowa, kunye ne-South Dakota ababandakanyi abazali bamanyathelo ekuceleni amalungelo okundwendwela.
- Amanye amazwe ali-10 awanayo imithetho ngokubhekisele kubazali bamanyathelo kunye namalungelo okundwendwela, ke bahlala bevumela abazali-babafundi ukuba bacele amalungelo.
Ukufumana uMgcini kunye noTyelelo
Kwanaxa iimeko apho umzali-wesibini enelungelo elisemthethweni lokucela ukugcinwa okanye ukutyelelwa, akuqinisekiswanga ukuba inkundla iyakusivuma isicelo. Iinkundla ezininzi zithathela ingqalelo uxwebhu lwezikhalazo lomzali womzali wokuqala ukuba umntwana ungaphezulu kweminyaka echaziweyo, udla ngokuba li-12 okanye eli-13. Ukongeza, umzali-wesibini kufuneka angqine ukuba ubenendima ebalulekileyo kubomi bomntwana, nokuba Umdla womntwana wokuba ubudlelwane buqhubeke.
undazi kangakanani imibuzo
Ukufumana amalungelo asemthethweni
Ukuba unqwenela ukuba namalungelo apheleleyo asemthethweni malunga nomntwana wakho wesibini, kuya kufuneka ukukhulisa umntwana ongengowakho okanye abekwe njengomgcini wakhe osemthethweni. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuba omnye umzali wokwenene uyavuma ukwamkelwa komntwana ongamzalanga abe ngowakho, ongasekhoyo, oshiye umntwana okanye onokuthi aphelise amalungelo akhe obuzali (umzekelo, kwimeko yokuxhatshazwa okanye ukungakhathalelwa), inkundla ayinakulindeleka ukuba isinike eso sicelo.
Amalungelo oMzali oMtshato ongatshatanga
Igama elithi 'umzali-mzali' ngokubanzi ligcinelwe abantu abatshatileyo, kodwa abantu abangatshatanga banokudlala indima efanayo. Nje, abazali abatshatileyo abangatshatanga abanamalungelo kubantwana bamaqabane abo.
- Nokuba uncedile ukukhulisa nokukhathalela umntwana weqabane lakho iminyaka emininzi, awunakuba nawo amalungelo amaninzi kubo.
- Imithetho iyahluka ngurhulumente, ke kuya kufuneka usoloko ujonga imithetho ethile kwilizwe ahlala kulo umntwana.
- Kwiphondo laseArizona, umzekelo, abantu abasebenza njengabazali emntwaneni bavunyelwe ukucela ukutyelelwa kwalomntwana nokuba bebengatshatanga nomzali wendalo womntwana.
Amaqhina abophelelayo
Imithetho elawula ukugcinwa komzali ongumzali kunye notyelelo iyahluka ngokwamazwe. Ukuba unqwenela ukufuna ukugcinwa, okanye undwendwele, umntwana wakho wesibini, nxibelelana negqwetha lomthetho wosapho elinamava okuphatha amatyala okugcina abazali. Ngokunyuka komtshato wesibini nowesithathu, abantu abaninzi baya kuzifumanisa beyinxalenye yosapho oludibeneyo. Ngelixa abazali bomtshato wesibini bengenawo onke amalungelo omzali wokuzalwa, banokudlala indima ebonakalayo ekuncedeni ukukhulisa abantwana babo.
