Umthi wePlum oqhakazileyo uya kuwususa umphefumlo wakho. Njengomnye weyona mithi mihle emhlabeni, ukuqhuma kwePlum minyaka le kweentyatyambo ezintle ngumbono oqaqambileyo. Ngaphezu koko, umzekelo omangalisayo uthwala iziqhamo ezityebileyo, ezinokutya ezinokutyiwa ziluhlaza okanye zongezwe kwiindlela zokupheka ezimnandi. Ngenxa yokuthanda kakhulu, akumangalisi ukuba umthi uxabiseke kakhulu ngabalimi abaqeqeshiweyo kunye nabalimi be-amateur ngokufanayo.
Inkangeleko yomthi
Imithi yeplum yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini: ukuchuma kunye nokuhombisa. Eyokuqala ithwala isiqhamo esidliwayo esisifumana kwivenkile yokutya, ngelixa eyokugqibela ifuyelwa ikakhulu amagqabi ayo amibalabala kunye neentyatyambo ezimangalisayo.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo- Imiyalelo yokuThena iziqhamo zomthi
- Ukudibanisa iziqhamo zemithi inyathelo ngenyathelo
- Isikhokelo sokutyala semithi yeziqhamo
Ngelixa iziphumo zabo zinokwahluka, babelana ngeempawu ezifanayo:
- Amagqabi: Amagqabi ePlum ajikeleze ngencam etsolo, nangona ezinye iintlobo zemithi zibonisa amagqabi e-ovate anemiphetho ebunjiweyo. Amagqabi ngamanqanaba ngokobungakanani ukusuka kwii-intshi ezimbini kuye kwezine. Umbala wamagqabi wahlukile phakathi kweentlobo zemithi, nangona uninzi luhlaza okanye mfusa ngexesha lentwasahlobo kunye nephuzi, bomvu, orenji okanye mfusa ekwindla.
- Isiqhamo: Umthi uvelisa isiqhamo selitye emfusa esibizwa ngokuba yiplum. Iplam inolusu olubomvu olugudileyo nolubomvu ngombala omncinci, omhlophe okwe-wax. Inyama yesiqhamo iba bomvu bube tyheli. Iiplums zingatyiwa ziluhlaza, zifityiwe, ziphekiwe okanye zigcinwe.
- Bark: Ixolo lomthi omncinci wePlum limnyama kwaye ligudile. Njengokuba umthi uguga, ixolo liyakhula kancinci.
- Iintyatyambo: Isiqhamo sePlum imithi sithwala iintyatyambo ezimhlophe ezincinci, ngelixa umthi we-Flowering Plum uneziqhuma ezininzi ezipinki nezimhlophe ezifana neentyatyambo ze-cherry zaseJapan. Ngentwasahlobo, i-Flowering Plum imithi igqunywe ngamaqoqo amakhulu eentyatyambo ezikhazimulayo ezinokubonwa ngeekhilomitha.
Uninzi lwemithi yePlum aluphili ngaphaya kwamaxesha angama-30 okukhula. Ukuphakama kwabo okuvuthiweyo kuphakama malunga neenyawo ezingama-20, nangona uninzi lukhula lukujikeleze i-10 ukuya kwi-15 yeenyawo kunye nomdlalo webhokisi emise okweqanda.
Ngaba isidoda siyafa xa sibetha emoyeni
Iindidi zePlum Tree
Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 ezahlukeneyo zePlum ezikhula kwihlabathi liphela.Ukukhetha isampuliolunge ngakumbi kwipropathi yakho kunokuba ngumceli mngeni. Ukuqala, kufuneka uthathe isigqibo sokuba uyafuna na ukukhula ngeentyatyambo okanye iziqhamo ezahlukeneyo okanye zombini. Uninzi lwabalimi lukhetha iintlobo zeziqhamo ukuze babe nokufikelela kwiiplums ezintsha ngaphandle kokuqhuba ukuya evenkileni ukuzifumana.
Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zemithi yePlum yeziqhamo: eyaseYurophu neyaseJapan. Ezokugqibela zivelisa iziqhamo ezikhulu kunezo zangaphambili, nangona iindidi zaseYurophu zinomxholo ophezulu weswekile. Iplum zaseYurophu zivuthwa mva kwisizini kuneeplamu zaseJapan; Nangona kunjalo, bobabini babelana ngombala ofanayo wolusu: tyheli, bomvu okanye mfusa.
Iindidi eziphambili zeJapan Plum zibandakanya:
Inkqubo kunye neengozi zeeselfowuni esikolweni
- Igolide yakuqala
- Methley
- Shiro
- KwiRosa
- USanta Rosa
- Amber omnyama
- Wickson
- Ndumkile
Iindidi eziphambili zePlum zaseYurophu zibandakanya:
- UDamson
- IGreen Green
- UCastleton
- UStanley
- UYohane omde
- Ixabiso
Lindela ukuziqhelanisaumonde xa utyalaUmthi wePlum. Umthi ufuna ixesha lokuba ukhule phambi kokuba uvelise isiqhamo. Ngokomndilili, kuthatha iminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu ngaphambi kokuba umthi wePlum uvelise iziqhamo.
Inkangeleko eNinzi yoMthi wePlum
 |  |
 |  |
 |  |
Apho iPlum ikhula khona
Imithi yePlum ikhula kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemozulu, nangona uninzi lweziqhamo eziveliswa ngokorhwebo zisuka eYurophu, eAsia naseMntla Melika. I-China ikhokelela phambili kwimveliso yePlum ngelixa uninzi lweziqhamo eziveliswa eMelika zivela eCalifornia. IJamani, iRomania neChile nazo zikhulisa iziqhamo ezityiwayo ngamanani amakhulu.
Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba ungakhula phi umthi wePlum, cinga ukuba isampuli ifuna umhlaba ofumileyo, ococekileyo kunye nelanga elipheleleyo ukuze uchume. Ukongeza, umthi kufuneka ubekwe kwindawo apho unayoigumbi lokusasazeka kombhobho wayongaphandle kwemida.
Ukusetyenziswa okuDumileyo
Ngaphandle kokungathandabuzeki ukusetyenziswa okuthandwa kakhulu ngumthi wePlumiziqhamo ezimnandi nezinomsoco. Iiplums zingatyiwa kanye emthini okanye zisetyenziswe kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokupheka, kubandakanya:
- Iinyawo
- Iithagethi
- Yure
- Imingcunube
- Isaladi
- IPudding
- Ukulahla
Iiplums zikwabonelela ngenani lezibonelelo zempilo. Iziqhamo ziphantsi kumanqatha nakwiikhalori, kwaye ziphezulu kwifayibha yokutya, ephucula ukwetyisa. Ukongeza, isiqhamo sineVitamin C, calcium, kunye ne potassium.
Ngelixa i-prunes ityiwa kakhulu iluhlaza, ziyangcamla ngokulinganayo xa zomisiwe zaze zajika zaba zi-prunes. Iziqhamo eziswiti nazo zinokukhiwa, zigcinwe kwaye zicinezelwe ukwenza i-plum yewayini okanye i-plum brandy.
Amanqaku anomdla
ESerbia, isiselo sesizwe yi-slivovitz okanye ibranti yeplamu. Ilizwe livelisa ngaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-420,000 zeeplamu ezintsha minyaka le kwaye lihambisa isiselo esinxilisayo esidumileyo kwihlabathi liphela.
Yila ilokhwe yakho yomtshato kwi-intanethi
I-China ngomnye umvelisi omkhulu weplum. Ngapha koko, intyatyambo iplum luphawu lweentyatyambo zelizwe laseAsia. Abapheki baseTshayina bazama ukufaka iziqhamo kwizitya ezininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kubandakanya iisosi ezinencasa ezinikezelwa ngedada kunye neplum ezikhethiweyo zerayisi.
Inja yam injani?
Izifo zePlum
Ntwasahlobo lelona xesha liphambili lemithi yePlum yokufumana isifo. Ixesha lokuqala lonyaka livuthiwe kunye ne-spores ehamba emoyeni.
Ukuba ucwangcisa ukongeza umthi wePlum kwipropathi yakho, lumka ngakumbi malunga nokukhusela isampuli yakho kwezi zifo zilandelayo:
- Inqaku elimnyama: Esi sifo sibangelwa kukungunda senza amaqhina amnyama abekhona kumasebe omthi. Ukuba iyekiwe inganyangwa i-fungus iya kuwuthintela umthi kwaye ekugqibeleni iwubulale.
- Ukubola okumdaka: Le fungus ichaphazela iziqhamo kunye neentyatyambo zomthi wePlum. Iimpawu zibandakanya ii-cankers, iziqhamo ezinamabala kunye neenwele ezingwevu ezingwevu ezigqume iintyatyambo zomthi kunye namasebe.
- IPlum Pox: Le ntsholongwane ibangelwa ziintwala ezihlasela iziqhamo. Wakuba wosulelekile, umthi uya kuvelisa iziqhamo ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezineziphene. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ii-plums ziya kuphuhlisa iringi etyheli okanye emdaka okanye iblack kulusu lwabo. Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, umthi uya kufa ekugqibeleni.
I-Verticillium Wilt kunye nePowdery Mildew zezinye izifo zokugcina iso, nangona zingahlaseli umthi wePlum ngobundlobongela njengezinye izifo.
Unonophelo lwePlum
Ukunyamekelwa ngenyameko komthi wakho wePlum kuya kuhlawula ngemihlakulo. Imithi esempilweni ivelisa iintyatyambo ezintle kunye neplum enamanzi.
Ukulandela ezi ngcebiso zilula kuya kukuvumela ukuba ukonwabele iziqhamo zomsebenzi wakho:
- Vavanya inqanaba le-pH yomhlaba wakho. Ngelixa imithi yeplum inyamezelana nodidi lomhlaba olwahlukileyo, bakhetha ukungcola okune asidi encinci.
- Tyala umthi kwindawo evezwe lilanga.
- Intwasahlobo lelona xesha lilungileyo lonyaka ukongeza umthi wePlum kwipropathi yakho. Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ehlotyeni nasebusika kunzima kwimithi engakhuli.
- Nkcenkceshela umthi wePlum rhoqo, ngakumbi ukuba uhlala kwindawo eyomileyo okanye isampulu inyamezele ukoma ngeenyanga zehlobo.
- Sasaza isichumisi kwisiseko somthi wePlum ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba sidubule.
- Prune nawuphi na ofileyookanye amasebe awonakeleyo emthini entwasahlobo. Ukucheba umthi kubushushu behlobo kungathintela ukukhula kwawo kwaye kungonakalisa iziqhamo.
Imithi yePlum yombala kunye neziqhamo
Iintyatyambo ezintle zemithi yeeplamu zinokongeza umbala kwimibala yakho. Iziqhamo ezimnandi sisizathu esihle sokubandakanya iiplamu ezimbalwa kuyilo lwakho lweyadi.
