Rhoqo ngentwasahlobo, abafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo kwilizwe liphela balindele ngolangazelelo isiganeko esinye esiphawula ukuphela kohambo lwabo lweminyaka emine: iprom. Obu busuku bobumnandi ngumbhiyozo wobuhlobo, uthando, kunye nolutsha, apho abafundi banxiba isinxibo esihle kwaye badanise ubusuku bonke. Kodwa yintoni umlingo emva kwe-prom kwaye kutheni ibaluleke kangaka kubomi bomntwana ofikisayo?
Iprom ayingomnye nje umdaniso; lisiko elifuzisela inguqulelo ukusuka ebutsheni ukuya ebuntwini obukhulu. Bubusuku apho amaphupha ezaliseka, njengoko abafundi beguquka babe ziinkosana namakhosazana, besenza iinkumbulo eziya kuhlala ubomi babo bonke. Uchulumanco lokufumana ilokhwe okanye isuti egqibeleleyo, ulindelo lokucela umntu ukuba abe ngumhla wakho, kunye nochulumanco lokunyathela emgangathweni womdaniso konke kunegalelo ekuthakatheni kwe-prom.
Ixesha libalulekile xa kuziwa kwi-prom. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka xa kuphela unyaka wesikolo, isebenza njengendawo yokuba ndlela-ntle kubantu abadala kunye nombhiyozo wezinto eziphunyeziweyo ngumbutho wonke wabafundi. Njengokungxama kokugqibela ngaphambi kokuphumelela, i-prom ivumela abafundi ukuba bacinge ngamava abo esikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kwaye baxabise ubuhlobo ababunzileyo. Bubusuku bokukhumbula kunye nokukhumbula, apho ukuhleka kunye neenyembezi kuxubana njengoko ukuqonda kuseta ukuba ixesha labo kunye liya esiphelweni.
Bona kwakho: Uyicoca kwaye uyigcine njani i-squishmallows-Iingcebiso eziBalulekileyo zokhathalelo kunye nemiyalelo
Nokuba ngumlingo wokunxiba, imincili yokufumana umhla, okanye ubukrakra bokuthi ndlela-ntle, i-prom sisithethe esixabisekileyo esinendawo ekhethekileyo kwiintliziyo zabafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo. Bubusuku bobumnandi, ulonwabo, kunye nolindelo, apho iinkumbulo zenziwa kwaye amaphupha afezekiswe. Ke, njengoko kusondela intwasahlobo, vumela ukubala ukwehla kwi-prom kuqale kwaye ulungele ukutyhila umlingo kunye nexesha lesi siganeko esingalibalekiyo.
Bona kwakho: Igniting Uvuyo kunye noKwakha iiBonds-Imidlalo eyonwabisayo yaBatshatileyo ukuQhagamshela
Yintoni iProm? Ukuqonda isithethe kunye nokubaluleka
I-Prom sisiganeko esibalulekileyo kubomi babafundi abaninzi bezikolo eziphakamileyo, ngakumbi eUnited States. Ngumdaniso osesikweni obanjwe ngasekupheleni konyaka wesikolo, olungiselelwe abancinci kunye nabadala. I-Prom lisiko elidala eliye lavela ngokuhamba kwexesha kodwa liqhubeka libambe indawo ekhethekileyo kwiintliziyo zabafundi.
Bona kwakho: Ukuphonononga iHlabathi loMdaniso woMda-Ukusuka kwisiNtu ukuya kwiiBethi zangoku
Omnye wemiba ephambili ye-prom lithuba lokuba abafundi banxibe isinxibo esihle. Amantombazana adla ngokunxiba iilokhwe ezintle, ngoxa abafana benxiba iisuti okanye iituxedo. Le khowudi yokugqoka esesikweni yongeza kwimincili kunye nokulindela okukhokelela kwisiganeko.
Enye into ebalulekileyo ye-prom sisithethe sokucela umntu ukuba abe ngumhla wakho. Oku kunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuyila, ezinje ngentshukumo ecingisisiweyo okanye ngesimbo sothando. Abafundi abaninzi bachitha iiveki okanye iinyanga becwangcisa kwaye belungiselela lo mzuzu ukhethekileyo.
Ebudeni bobusuku beprom, abafundi bahlanganisana kwindawo emiselweyo, njengendawo yokwenza umthambo wesikolo okanye iholo eqeshwayo, apho badanisa khona, banxulumana, baze benze iinkumbulo ezingapheliyo. Umgangatho wokudanisa udla ngokuzaliswa yintsini, umculo namandla achulumancisayo olutsha. Bubusuku apho ubuhlobo buqiniswa, kwaye unxibelelwano olutsha lwenziwa.
ukwenza njani ukuhlolwa kwekhaya
I-Prom ayibobusuku nje obumnandi bokudanisa kunye nokunxibelelana, kodwa ikwabambe ukubaluleka okunzulu. Iphawula isiphelo sesahluko kubomi bomfundi kwaye ibonakalisa inguqulelo ebuntwini obukhulu. Lixesha lokuba abafundi bacinge ngeminyaka yabo yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kwaye babhiyozele impumelelo yabo. I Prom igqalwa njengesithethe sokudlula, isiganeko esibalulekileyo abaninzi abasikhumbulayo kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ngaphaya koko, i-prom lithuba lokuba abafundi benze iinkumbulo eziya kuhlala ubomi babo bonke. Ukususela kulindelo olukhokelela kulo mnyhadala, ukuya kuvuyo oluviwa xa udanisa nabahlobo okanye umntu okhethekileyo, iprom bubusuku obubethelelwe ezintliziyweni zabo bazileyo. Bubusuku bomlingo kunye nomlingo, apho amaphupha azaliseka kwaye amaphupho ayenzeka.
Ukuqukumbela, i-prom ingaphezulu nje komdaniso. Lisiko elibambe indawo ekhethekileyo kwiintliziyo zabafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo. Imela ukuphela kwesinye isahluko nokuqala kwesinye. I-Prom lixesha lokuba abafundi banxibe, bacele umntu ukuba abe ngumhla wabo, adanise kwaye enze iinkumbulo eziya kuhlala ubomi babo bonke. Bubusuku obuzaliswe ngokubaluleka, umlingo, kunye nesithembiso sekamva eliqaqambileyo.
Yintoni intsingiselo ye-prom?
I-Prom sisiganeko esikhethekileyo esinentsingiselo ebalulekileyo kubafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo kwihlabathi jikelele. Iphawula ukuphela kwexesha kunye nokuqala kwesahluko esitsha ebomini babo. Nazi izizathu ezimbalwa zokuba kutheni i-prom ibaluleke kangaka:
| Iinkumbulo kunye neMilestones | I-Prom sisiganeko esibalulekileyo esenza iinkumbulo ezihlala zihleli kubafundi. Ihlala ibonwa njengenye yezinto eziphambili zobomi besikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Ukusuka ekukhetheni ilokhwe egqibeleleyo okanye ituxedo ukuya kudanisa ubusuku kude nabahlobo, i-prom inika ithuba lokudala iinkumbulo ezixabisekileyo eziya kukhunjulwa iminyaka ezayo. |
| Uphawu lweMpumelelo | Ukuya kwi-prom kubonwa njengophawu lwempumelelo kunye nesithethe sokudlula kubafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo. Yindlela yokubhiyozela ukugqitywa kohambo lwabo lwezemfundo kunye notshintsho oluya ebuntwini obukhulu. I-Prom inokubonwa njengomvuzo wokusebenza nzima kunye nokuzinikela kuyo yonke iminyaka yabo yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. |
| Uluntu kunye noBumbano | I-Prom idibanisa uluntu lonke lwesikolo. Lixesha apho abafundi, abafundisi-ntsapho, abazali, kunye nabahlobo badibana ukuze babhiyozele kwaye baxhasane. Ubusuku be-Prom budala imvakalelo yobunye kunye nobudlelwane, ikhuthaza imvakalelo yokubandakanyeka kunye nobunye phakathi kwabafundi. |
| Isithethe kunye neLifa | I-Prom igxile kwisithethe kwaye ihlala iphethe imvakalelo yelifa. Abafundi abaninzi baya e-prom ngenxa yokuba abazali babo okanye abantwana babazali babo bahamba ngaphambi kwabo. Yindlela yokuhlonipha nokuqhuba izithethe zesikolo sabo kunye noluntu. I-Prom isebenza njengesikhumbuzo sembali kunye nelifa lemveli leziko. |
| Ukutshintshela ebudaleni | Iprom idla ngokubonwa njengotshintsho olungokomfuziselo ukusuka ebutsheni ukuya ekubeni mdala. Bubusuku apho abafundi banxibe kakuhle, benze izinto ngokuqolileyo, kwaye bathathe uxanduva. I-Prom inika ithuba lokuba abafundi babonise ukukhula kunye nokulungela ukujamelana nemingeni yobudala. |
Ukuqukumbela, i-prom ibaluleke kakhulu kubafundi besikolo samabanga aphakamileyo njengoko idala iinkumbulo, ifuzisela impumelelo, ikhuthaza uluntu, ihlonipha isithethe, kwaye imele inguqulelo ebuntwini obukhulu. Bubusuku bomlingo obugquma umoya wobutsha kunye nemincili yeziqalo ezitsha.
Ziziphi izithethe zeprom?
Izithethe zeProm ziyahluka ukusuka kwisikolo ukuya kwesinye, kodwa kukho amasiko aqhelekileyo alandelwayo kwiiprom ezininzi:
- Isindululo: Kwizikolo ezininzi, iye yaba sisithethe sokuba abafundi babuze umhla abawunqwenelayo ukuba baqhubele phambili ngendlela enobuchule necacileyo. Oku kunokubandakanya nantoni na ukusuka kwihlokondiba elimangalisayo ukuya kuzingelwa ngumntu.
- Ukunxiba: IProm yaziwa ngesinxibo sayo esisemthethweni. Amantombazana ahlala enxiba iilokhwe ezintle, ngelixa abafana benxiba iisuti okanye iituxedos. Esi sithethe songeza kubuhle kunye nemincili yesi siganeko.
- Indawo yokungena enkulu: Esinye isithethe esithandwayo ngumnyango omkhulu. Abafundi bafika kwi-prom ngesitayile, rhoqo ngeemoto zodidi okanye ii-limousine. Oku kudala umzuzu ongalibalekiyo kwaye yongeza kuyo yonke imincili yomsitho.
- Ukuthweswa isithsaba sokumkani kunye nokumkanikazi Kwiiprom ezininzi, kukho isithethe sokuthweswa isithsaba sokumkani kunye nokumkanikazi. Aba bantu bonyulwa ngoontanga babo kwaye babonwa njengabameli bodidi oluphezulu.
- Umdaniso wokuqala: Umdaniso wokuqala ngumzuzu okhethekileyo kwi-prom. Idla ngokuba ngumzuzu apho ukumkani we-prom kunye nokumkanikazi babebelana ngomdaniso wabo wokuqala kunye. Eli siko libonisa ukuqala kwemibhiyozo yasebusuku.
- Iifoto: Ukuthatha iifoto sisithethe esiqhelekileyo kwi-prom. Abafundi bahlala beqesha abafoti abaziingcali okanye beze neekhamera zabo ukuze babambe iinkumbulo zobu busuku bukhethekileyo. Ezi foto zithandwa kakhulu kwiminyaka ezayo.
- Iipati zasemva kwe-prom: Ngelixa ingeyonxalenye ngokusemthethweni ye-prom ngokwayo, izikolo ezininzi zinamatheko asemva kwe-prom njengesithethe. La matheko abonelela ngendawo ekhuselekileyo neyonwabisayo yokuba abafundi baqhubeke nokubhiyozela emva komsitho ophambili.
Le yimizekelo nje embalwa yezithethe ezininzi ezenza i-prom ibe sisiganeko esikhumbulekayo nesixatyiswayo kubafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo. Isikolo ngasinye sinokuba nezithethe zaso ezizodwa, kodwa injongo iyonke kukudala ubusuku obunomlingo nobungenakulibaleka kuye wonke umntu ochaphazelekayo.
Iyintoni intsingiselo yombhiyozo weprom?
I-Prom sisiganeko esibalulekileyo kubomi babafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo, ephawula ukuphela kohambo lwabo lokufunda kunye nokuqala kwesahluko esitsha. Sisithethe sokudlula kunye nokubhiyozela impumelelo. I-Prom lixesha lokuba abafundi banxibe, bancokole, kwaye benze iinkumbulo ezihlala zihleli nabahlobo babo.
Embindini wayo, i-prom ngumbhiyozo wolutsha kunye nokuza kobudala. Bubusuku apho abafundi banokukhululeka kwaye bonwabe phambi kokuba baqalise izinto zabo zekamva. I-Prom lithuba lokubhiyozela ubuhlobo, ukukhumbuza ngexesha elidlulileyo, kwaye ujonge phambili kwikamva.
Ngaphaya koko, i-prom inentsingiselo enzulu kubafundi abaninzi. Ifuzisela ukuphela kwesahluko ebomini babo kunye nokuqala kwabantu abadala. Lixesha apho abafundi banokucinga ngezinto abazifezileyo, ukukhula kwabo, kunye nobuhlobo ababuhlakulele kuyo yonke iminyaka yabo yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo.
I-Prom ikwalithuba lokuba abafundi baziveze kwaye babonise isitayile sabo sobuqu. Ukusuka ekukhetheni ilokhwe okanye isuti egqibeleleyo ukuya ekwenzeni iinwele zabo kunye nezithambiso zenziwe, abafundi bafaka umgudu kwinkangeleko yabo, befuna ukubonakala begqwesile kwesi sihlandlo sikhethekileyo.
Ukubaluleka kwe-prom kudlulela ngaphaya kobusuku ngokwabo. Lixesha apho abafundi banokwenza iinkumbulo eziya kuhlala ubomi babo bonke. Ukusuka kwimincili yokucela umntu ukuba abe ngumhla wabo ukuya kulindelo olukhokelela kumsitho, i-prom igcwele ulindelo kunye nemincili.
Lilonke, i-prom ngumbhiyozo wexesha elidlulileyo, langoku kunye nekamva. Sisiganeko esibalulekileyo esimela isiphelo sesahluko esinye nesiqalo sesinye. Lixesha lokuba abafundi badibane, bonwabe, kwaye benze iinkumbulo eziya kuxatyiswa kwiminyaka ezayo.
Inini iProm? Ukuphonononga iMihla kunye nexesha
I-Prom, imfutshane ye-promenade, sisiganeko esilindeleke kakhulu kubomi babafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ibanjwe ekupheleni konyaka wesikolo, isebenza njengombhiyozo wokuvalelisa ngaphambi kokuphumelela. Umhla ochanekileyo we-prom uyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisikolo kunye nommandla, kodwa ngokubanzi uwela phakathi kweenyanga zika-Epreli noJuni.
Isikolo ngasinye sibeka umhla waso wokufunda, sithathela ingqalelo imiba enjengeeshedyuli zeemviwo, iiholide zesikolo, nokufumaneka kwendawo. Ihlala icwangciswe ngempelaveki, ivumela abafundi ixesha elaneleyo lokuzilungiselela kwaye banandiphe imibhiyozo ngaphandle kokukhathazeka kwesikolo ngosuku olulandelayo.
Izikolo ezininzi zikhetha ukubamba i-prom ngoMeyi, njengoko iphawula inguqu ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ehlotyeni kwaye inika imozulu emnandi kwiiseshoni zeefoto zangaphandle. Ikwavumela abantu abadala ukuba babe ne-prom yabo ngaphambi kokuphumelela, ukudala isiphelo esikhumbulekayo kuhambo lwabo lwesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo.
Ngelixa ezinye izikolo zikhetha ubusuku obunye be-prom, ezinye zinokwahlula umsitho ngokwee-prom ezahlukeneyo zamanqanaba ebanga ahlukeneyo. I-Junior Prom ihlala ibanjelwa abancinci kunye nabadala, ngelixa i-prom ephezulu ilungiselelwe kuphela abantu abadala abaphumeleleyo.
Ixesha le-prom linokwahluka phakathi ngokuhlwa ngokunjalo. Ezinye izikolo ziqala i-prom kwangethuba, zivumela isidlo esisemthethweni esilandelwa ngumdaniso kunye nokuzonwabisa. Abanye banokukhetha ixesha lokuqala emva kwexesha, bedala umoya onamandla ngakumbi ngokugxila ekudaniseni nasekuzihlanganiseni.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izikolo ziye zaqalisa ukubamba imisitho yasemva kwe-prom, ebonelela ngendawo ekhuselekileyo neyonwabisayo yokuba abafundi baqhubeke nokubhiyozela. Ezi ziganeko zihlala zihamba kwasekuseni kwaye zinokubandakanya izinto ezifana nemidlalo, iimuvi, kunye nokutya.
Lilonke, ixesha le-prom likhethwe ngononophelo ukwenza amava akhumbulekayo kwaye ayonwabisayo kubafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo. Bubusuku obuzaliswe yimincili, yintsini, neenkumbulo eziya kuxatyiswa iminyaka ezayo.
Iprom iqhelekile ixesha elingakanani?
Ubude bexesha lomsitho we-prom linokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisikolo okanye ummandla othile. Nangona kunjalo, i-prom ihlala ithatha iiyure ezine ukuya kwezintandathu. Ubusuku buhlala buqala ngomnyango omkhulu okanye ukuhamba ngekhaphethi ebomvu, kulandele isidlo sangokuhlwa esisemthethweni okanye i-buffet. Emva kwesidlo, isiganeko esiphambili se-prom senzeka, esiquka ukudansa, ukuzonwabisa kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ubusuku buhlala buphela ngomsitho wokuthweswa isithsaba senkosi kunye nokumkanikazi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umboniso womlilo okanye emva kwepati. Lilonke, i-prom bubusuku obukhethekileyo nobukhumbulekayo obuvumela abafundi ukuba babhiyozele kunye ngaphambi kokuphumelela.
Yeyiphi inyanga ye-prom e-US?
I-Prom, enye yezona ziganeko zilindelekileyo kubomi bomfundi wesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, idla ngokubanjelwa entwasahlobo e-United States. Inyanga echanekileyo ye-prom inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kummandla kunye nesikolo, kodwa idla ngokubhiyozelwa phakathi kuka-Epreli noJuni.
Ngeli xesha, abafundi bachitha iiveki okanye iinyanga belungiselela iprom. Bakhetha ngononophelo iimpahla zabo, ezihlala ziquka iilokhwe ezisesikweni kunye ne-tuxedos, kwaye baceba izindululo ezicacileyo zokubuza umhla abawunqwenelayo kumsitho. Ubusuku be-Prom buzaliswe yimincili kunye nolindelo njengoko abafundi behlanganisana kwindawo ekhethiweyo, njengendawo yebhola yehotele okanye indawo yokuzivocavoca yesikolo, ukudanisa, ukuhlalisana, kunye nokudala iinkumbulo ezingapheliyo.
Ngelixa i-prom idla ngokunxulunyaniswa nabantwana besikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kunye nabadala, ezinye izikolo zikwabamba iiprom zabafundi abangaphantsi. Ezi ziganeko, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-junior prom okanye i-freshman/sophomore prom, zihlala zibanjwa ngexesha elifanayo njenge-prom ephezulu.
Lilonke, i-prom bubusuku obunomlingo nobukhumbulekayo kuninzi lwabafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo zaseMelika, kwaye ixesha layo entwasahlobo yongeza uchulumanco kunye novuyo lomsitho.
Iqale nini iprom?
Isithethe se-prom saqala ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 eUnited States. Imisitho yokuqala efana ne-prom yayibizwa ngokuba 'yi-promenades' kwaye yayibanjelwe kwiikholeji nakwiiyunivesithi. Le misitho yayiziindibano ezisesikweni apho abafundi babenxiba ezona zinxibo zabo zibalaseleyo baze bancokole.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-promenades yavela kwi-prom yanamhlanje, ngoku isisiseko senkcubeko yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo saseMelika. Iprom yokuqala yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kukholelwa ukuba yenzeka ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20. Kuqale kwabonwa njengendlela yokwazisa abantu abadala abasebatsha kwimisitho yentlalo esesikweni kwaye ibafundise indlela yokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha.
Ukusukela ngoko, i-prom iye yaba sisithethe sonyaka sabafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo kwilizwe liphela. Ngokuqhelekileyo ibanjwa ekupheleni konyaka wesikolo kwaye ibonwa njengesiqhelo kulutsha oluninzi. I-Prom bubusuku obukhethekileyo apho abafundi banokunxiba, badanise, kwaye benze iinkumbulo ezingapheliyo nabahlobo babo.
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, i-prom iye yavela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Sele ibandakanya ngakumbi, nezikolo zivumela abantu abathandana besini esifanayo nabafundi bazo zonke iintlobo ukuba baye kuzo. I-Prom nayo iye yagqithisa ngakumbi, ezinye izikolo zibamba ii-prom kwiindawo zokuzonwabisa kunye nokuzonwabisa okusemgangathweni.
Ngokubanzi, i-prom inembali etyebileyo kwaye ibambe indawo ekhethekileyo kwinkcubeko yaseMelika. Bubusuku bombhiyozo kunye nokucamngca kwabafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo, okuphawula ukuphela kwesahluko kunye nokuqala kwesinye.
Kwenzeka Ntoni KwiProm? Imisebenzi kunye nezithethe zityhiliwe
I-Prom, imfutshane kwi-promenade, sisiganeko esilindeleke kakhulu kubafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo. Ngumdaniso osesikweni obanjwa ekupheleni konyaka wesikolo, olungiselelwe abancinci kunye nabadala. Ubusuku beProm lixesha lokuba abafundi banxibe iimpahla ezintle, badanise ubusuku bonke, kwaye benze iinkumbulo eziya kuhlala ubomi babo bonke.
Omnye weyona misebenzi inika umdla kwi-prom ngumatshi omkhulu. Kulapho inkundla yamatyala, eyenziwe ngokumkani nokumkanikazi, kwakunye namalungu enkundla yabo, yaziswa kwabanye abakhoyo. Uqhanqalazo loqhankqalazo lithuba lenkundla yezentengiso ukuba ibonise isinxibo sabo esihle kwaye ifumane ukuwongwa koontanga babo.
Omnye umsebenzi odumileyo kwiprom kukuthweswa isithsaba sokumkani nokumkanikazi. Oku kwenziwa ngokwesiqhelo ngexesha lomsitho, kubhengezwe abaphumeleleyo kwaye bathweswe isithsaba eqongeni. Ukumkani kunye nokumkanikazi bakhethwa ngokusekelwe kwivoti yabafundi, okwenza kube ngumzuzu onomdla kunye nokulindeleke kakhulu.
Umjuxuzo ngumbindi wobusuku beprom, abafundi bebetha umgangatho wokudanisa ukubonisa ngeentshukumo zabo. Ukusuka kwimidaniso ecothayo ukuya kwiingoma eziphakamileyo, umgangatho wokudanisa uhlala ugcwele ngabafundi abonwabela umculo kunye nokukhulula. Izikolo ezininzi ziqesha i-DJ okanye ibhendi yobuchwephesha ukubonelela ngomculo kunye nokudala umoya onamandla.
Ukongeza kumdaniso, i-prom ihlala ibandakanya ezinye iindlela zokuzonwabisa. Ezinye izikolo zinokuba neendawo zokufota apho abafundi banokuthatha imifanekiso eyonwabisayo nabahlobo babo. Abanye banokuba nemihombiso enemixholo okanye iipropu zokuphucula amava e-prom. Le misebenzi yongeza into eyongezelelweyo yolonwabo kwaye yenza i-prom ibe bubusuku obukhunjulwayo.
I-Prom nayo ineseti yayo yezithethe. Esinye isithethe esiqhelekileyo yipromenade, apho abazimasi behla ngekhaphethi ebomvu okanye eqongeni ukuze babonise isinxibo sabo kunye nokufota. Esinye isiko kukutshintshiselana kwee-corsages kunye ne-boutonnieres, apho izibini zinika enye iintyatyambo ukuba zinxibe kwiimpahla zabo ezisemthethweni. Ezi zithethe zongeza umtsalane wobuhle kunye nokusesikweni kwisiganeko.
Lilonke, i-prom bubusuku obuzaliswe yimisebenzi kunye nezithethe ezenza ukuba ibe ngamava akhumbulekayo kubafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo. Ukusuka kumngcelele omkhulu ukuya ekuthwesweni isithsaba sokumkani nokumkanikazi, ukudanisa kwiinketho zokonwabisa, kunye nezithethe ezahlukeneyo, iprom bubusuku bomlingo abafundi abajonge kubo kuyo yonke iminyaka yabo yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-prom?
Ngexesha le-prom, abafundi bahlanganisana kunye ngobusuku bokubhiyozela kunye nokuzonwabisa. Isiganeko ngokuqhelekileyo siqhutyelwa kwindawo esesikweni, njengendawo yebhola yehotele okanye indawo yokuzivocavoca yesikolo eguqulwa ibe yindawo yomlingo.
Enye yezinto eziphambili zeprom ngumnyango omkhulu. Abafundi bafika ngesitayile, abaninzi bekhetha ukuqesha iimoto zeenqwelo-moya okanye bafike ngeemoto zodidi. Njengoko bephuma kwiinqwelo-mafutha zabo, bamkelwa ngabahlobo abachwayitisayo nabafunda nabo eklasini, nto leyo ebenza bazive njengabantu abadumileyo ebusuku.
Ngaphakathi kule ndawo, umoya uzaliswe yimincili nolindelo. Indawo ihonjiswe kakuhle ngezibane ezibengezelayo, iisetingi zetafile ezintle, kunye nomgangatho wokudanisa. Abafundi banethuba lokuthatha iifoto ezingalibalekiyo kunye nabahlobo babo kunye nemihla, bathathe undoqo wobu busuku bukhethekileyo.
Nje ukuba iinkqubo zigqityiwe, ulonwabo lokwenyani luyaqala. U-DJ uqala ukudlala umculo odumileyo, kwaye abafundi babetha umgangatho wokudanisa, bebonisa ukuhamba kwabo okuhle. Umgangatho womdaniso kulapho ubuhlobo bomelezwa khona kwaye neenkumbulo zenziwa njengoko abafundi bezikhulula kwaye bazonwabele.
Ukongeza kumdaniso, kuhlala kukho eminye imisebenzi kunye neendlela zokuzonwabisa ezifumanekayo ngexesha le-prom. Ezinye izikolo ziqesha abadlali abaziingcali, abafana namagqwirha okanye abadlali be-acrobats, ukuba bongeze uchulumanco kumsitho. Kusenokubakho iidokodo zeefoto, apho abafundi banokuthatha imifanekiso eyonwabisayo ngeepropu kunye nezixhobo.
Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo ye-prom kukuthweswa isithsaba sokumkani kunye nokumkanikazi. Eli lixesha elilindelwe kakhulu, njengoko abafundi bevotela abo bafunda nabo abakholelwa ukuba babonakalisa umoya we-prom. Abaphumeleleyo bayabhengezwa, kwaye bathweswe isithsaba kwaye bawongwe ngegalelo labo kuluntu lwesikolo.
Njengoko ubusuku bufikelela esiphelweni, abafundi babelana ngokuvalelisa okusuka entliziyweni kwaye bathembisa ukuhlala benxibelelana. I-Prom ayingomdaniso nje, kodwa ngamava adibanisa abafundi kwaye enze iinkumbulo ezihlala zihleli. Ngumbhiyozo wobuhlobo, ulutsha, kunye nokuphela kwesahluko esibalulekileyo ebomini babo.
Ukuqukumbela, i-prom bubusuku obumnandi obuzaliswe bubuhle, uvuyo, kunye namaxesha angenakulibaleka. Lixesha lokuba abafundi badibane, babhiyozele impumelelo yabo, kwaye benze iinkumbulo eziya kuhlala ubomi babo bonke.
Yintoni edla ngokwenziwa kwi-prom?
I-Prom sisiganeko esikhethekileyo esiphawula ukuphela kwesikolo esiphakamileyo kwaye sibhiyozelwa ngabafundi kwihlabathi jikelele. Bubusuku obuzele yimincili, ubuhle, kunye neenkumbulo eziya kuhlala ubomi babo bonke. Nantsi eminye imisebenzi eqhelekileyo kunye nezithethe ezidla ngokwenziwa kwi-prom:
- Ukunxiba: Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ze-prom kukhetha impahla efanelekileyo. Amantombazana ahlala enxiba iilokhwe ezintle, ngelixa abafana bekhetha iisuti ezisemthethweni okanye i-tuxedos.
- Ukuthatha imifanekiso: I-Prom lithuba elihle lokubamba iinkumbulo kunye nabahlobo kunye nobathandayo. Abafundi abaninzi baqesha abafoti abaziingcali okanye bathathe iifoto zeqela phambi komsitho.
- Ukufika ngendlela: Abanye abafundi baqesha ii-limousine okanye iimoto zodidi ukwenza umnyango omkhulu kwi-prom. Oku kongeza uchulumanco kwaye kudala amava angalibalekiyo.
- Ukonwabela isidlo sangokuhlwa esisesikweni: I-Prom idla ngokubandakanya isidlo sangokuhlwa esisemthethweni apho abafundi banokonwabela isidlo esimnandi kunye nemihla kunye nabahlobo babo. Eli lixesha lokuphumla kunye nokuhlalisana ngaphambi kokubetha umgangatho wokudanisa.
- Ukudanisa ubusuku bonke: Eyona nto ibalaseleyo kwi-prom ngumgangatho wokudanisa. Abafundi bayahlanganisana ukuze badanise iingoma abazithandayo kwaye babe nexesha elimnandi noontanga babo. Lithuba lokuzikhulula kwaye sibhiyozele ukuphela kwesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo.
- Ukukhetha ukumkani weprom kunye nokumkanikazi: Iiprom ezininzi zinesithethe sokuthweswa isithsaba sokumkani kunye nokumkanikazi. Oku kuqhele ukwenziwa ngenkqubo yokuvota, kwaye abaphumeleleyo babhengezwa ngexesha lomsitho.
- Ukudala iinkumbulo ezingapheliyo: I-Prom bubusuku obuzaliswe ngamaxesha angenakulibaleka. Ukusuka ekudaniseni nabahlobo ukuya ekuthatheni iifoto ezisileyo kwindawo yeefoto, abafundi benza iinkumbulo abaza kuzixabisa kwiminyaka ezayo.
Lilonke, i-prom sisiganeko esimnandi nesikhumbulekayo esivumela abafundi ukuba babhiyozele ukuphela kohambo lwabo lwesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo ngesitayile. Lixesha lokunxiba, ukonwaba, nokwenza iinkumbulo ezingapheliyo nabahlobo kunye nabo ufunda nabo.
Ukukhangela iXesha leProm: Ukuqonda kuLungiselelo kunye nokulindelweyo
Njengoko ixesha leeprom lisondela, abafundi kwilizwe liphela bazifumana bentywiliselwe kwisaqhwithi sochulumanco, ulindelo, kunye nokulungiselela. Ukusuka ekukhetheni ilokhwe egqibeleleyo okanye i-tuxedo ukuya ekufumaneni umhla ofanelekileyo, kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ulungiselela esi siganeko silindeleke kakhulu.
Elinye lamanyathelo okuqala ekulungiseleleni i-prom kukukhetha isinxibo esifanelekileyo. Kwabaninzi, oku kubandakanya iiyure zokubrawuza kwiimagazini zefashoni, iivenkile ezikwi-intanethi, kunye nevenkile zasekhaya ukukhangela eyona ilokhwe okanye i-tuxedo efanelekileyo. Abafundi bahlala benxibelelana nabahlobo, usapho, kunye nezitayile zobuchwephesha ukuqinisekisa ukuba benza ukhetho olufanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukufumana ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwesitayile somntu kunye neendlela zangoku, ukudala inkangeleko efashini kunye neyodwa.
Ngaphandle kwesinxibo, abahambisi-prom nabo kufuneka bacwangcise izinto zokuhamba. Nokuba kuqesha i-limousine, ukukhwela inqwelo-mafutha kunye nabahlobo, okanye nokwenza amalungiselelo enqwelwana yamahashe, indlela yothutho inokuphucula kakhulu amava e-prom. Kubalulekile ukubhukisha isithuthi kwangethuba ukuze ukhusele ukhetho olufunekayo kwaye uthintele nakuphi na ukuphoxeka komzuzu wokugqibela.
Omnye umba ophambili wokulungiselela i-prom kukwenza isigqibo ngendawo efanelekileyo yeefoto zangaphambili. Abafundi abaninzi bakhetha iindawo ezintle zangaphandle, ezinje ngeegadi okanye iipaki, ngelixa abanye bekhetha iindawo ezingasemva ezidolophini njengezitrato zedolophu okanye iimpawu zomhlaba ezinemiqondiso. Nokuba yeyiphi na indawo, injongo kukubamba uchulumanco kunye nobuhle belo xesha, ukudala iinkumbulo zobomi bonke.
Njengoko usuku olukhulu lusondela, abafundi bakwajongana noxinzelelo lokufumana isindululo esigqibeleleyo. Izindululo ziye zanda kakhulu kule minyaka yakutsha nje, abafundi befaka umzamo omkhulu wokudala iindlela ezingalibalekiyo neziyilayo zokucela umhla abawunqwenelayo ukuba baqhube. Ukusuka ekuzingeleni abantu abamxhwilayo ukuya kumahlokondiba ombane, izindululo zibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yamava e-prom.
izinto ezihlekisayo ukuthumela kubahlobo bakho
Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukuba abafundi balawule izinto abazilindeleyo ngobusuku beprom. Ngelixa kuyindalo ukuba nethemba elikhulu kobu busuku bukhethekileyo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba i-prom bubusuku obunye kuphela hayi isiphelo samava omntu wesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Umlingo wokwenyani we-prom ulele kwithuba lokubhiyozela nabahlobo, ukwenza iinkumbulo ezihlala ixesha elide, kunye nokwamkela ulonwabo kunye nemincili yolutsha.
| Iingcebiso zokulungiselela | Okulindelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Qala kwangethuba ukuvumela ixesha elaneleyo lokunxiba okanye ukuthenga i-tuxedo. | Khumbula ukuba ubusuku beprom bubusuku nje obunye kwaye ayingomzuzu ocacileyo. |
| Thetha nabahlobo, usapho, okanye izitayile ukufumana iingcebiso ngefashoni. | Gxininisa ukonwabela amava kunye nokudala iinkumbulo kunye nabahlobo. |
| Bhukisha uthutho kwangaphambili ukuze ufumane iinketho ozifunayo. | Gcina ingqondo evulekile kwaye wamkele into engalindelekanga. |
| Khetha indawo yeefoto ze-pre-prom ebonisa isimbo sakho. | Lixabise iinzame ezenziweyo kwiziphakamiso zokucwangcisa, nokuba sithini isiphumo. |
Ndiyilungiselela njani iprom?
Ukulungiselela i-prom kunokuba ngamava amnandi kodwa anzima. Bubusuku obuya kubukhumbula iminyaka ezayo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili kwaye uqinisekise ukuba yonke into ilungile. Nanga amanye amacebiso okukunceda ulungiselele i-prom:
1. Qala kwangoko: Amalungiselelo eProm angathatha ixesha, ngoko kuhle ukuba uqale kwangethuba. Qala ngokucwangcisa uqingqo-mali uze wenze uludwe lwezinto ozifunayo, njengelokhwe okanye i-tuxedo, izihlangu, izincedisi kunye nezinto zokuhamba.
2. Fumana isinxibo esifanelekileyo: Ukufumana isinxibo esigqibeleleyo se-prom kubalulekile. Nokuba ukhetha ukunxiba igawuni okanye isuti, qiniseka ukuba ingena kakuhle kwaye ikwenza uzive uzithembile. Cinga ngokuzama kwizimbo ezahlukeneyo kunye nemibala ukuze ufumane eyona ikufaneleyo.
3. Cwangcisa iinwele zakho kunye ne-makeup: Gqiba kwi-hairstyle yakho kunye ne-makeup jonga ngaphambi kwexesha. Linga ngezimbo ezahlukeneyo kwaye udibane nengcali ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ungalibali ukucwangcisa amadinga osuku lwe-prom ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ilungile.
4. Nxibelelana nomhla wakho okanye abahlobo: Ukuba unomhla okanye isicwangciso sokuhamba nabahlobo, lungelelanisa iimpahla zakho kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ziyahambelana. Oku kunokongeza inqanaba elongezelelweyo lolonwabo kunye nobugocigoci kumava akho e-prom.
5. Qaphela iinkcukacha ezincinci: Nika ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha ezincinci ezinokwenza umahluko omkhulu. Qinisekisa ukuba izikhonkwane zakho zilungiswe kakuhle, izihlangu zakho zikhululekile, kwaye unazo naziphi na izixhobo eziyimfuneko, ezifana ne-clutch okanye iqhina.
6. Isicwangciso sothutho: Thatha isigqibo sokuba uza kufika njani kwaye ubuye njani kwi-prom. Nokuba irenta i-limo, i-carpooling kunye nabahlobo, okanye usebenzisa inkonzo ye-rideshare, qiniseka ukuba unesicwangciso esikhoyo sokuqinisekisa uhambo olukhuselekileyo nolufanelekileyo.
7. Lonwabele eli xesha: I-Prom bubusuku obukhethekileyo, ke khumbula ukonwabela umzuzu. Thatha iifoto ezininzi, umdaniso, kwaye wonwabe nabahlobo bakho. Zixabise iinkumbulo oza kuzenza kwaye wenze okuninzi kobu busuku bomlingo.
Ngokulandela ezi ngcebiso, uya kulungela kakuhle i-prom kwaye ulungele ukwenza iinkumbulo ezingalibalekiyo. Ngoko ke, qalisa ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili, fumana ingubo efanelekileyo, unakekele iinkcukacha, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ujabulele amava!
Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe kwi-prom?
Ukulungiselela iprom kunokuba lixesha elimnandi kodwa elinoxinzelelo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle kwaye unobusuku obungalibalekiyo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka zenziwe:
ndimbambe ejonge kum then ajonge kude
1. Fumana isinxibo esifanelekileyo: Qala ukukhangela ilokhwe okanye isuti yakho kwangethuba ukuze uvumele ixesha lokutshintsha ukuba kuyimfuneko. Qwalasela isimbo sakho sobuqu kwaye ukhethe into ekwenza uzive uzithembile kwaye ukhululekile.
2. Yenza amadinga eenwele kunye nobuhle: Cwangcisa amadinga kwiisaluni zeenwele nakwiindawo zobuhle kwangethuba ukuthintela nakuphi na ukuphoxeka komzuzu wokugqibela. Zama ngeenwele ezahlukeneyo kunye neembonakalo zokuhombisa ukuze ufumane eyona ihambelana nesinxibo sakho se-prom.
3. Cwangcisa uthutho: Gqiba ukuba uza kufika njani kwaye ubuye njani kwindawo yentengiso. Nokuba kuqesha i-limousine, ukuhamba ngemoto nabahlobo, okanye kukulungiselela ukuba umzali aqhube, qiniseka ukuba unesicwangciso esikhoyo sokuqinisekisa uhambo olukhuselekileyo nolufanelekileyo.
4. Nxibelelana nomhla wakho okanye abahlobo: Ukuba uya kwi-prom kunye nomhla okanye iqela labahlobo, nxibelelana kwaye ulungelelanise iimpahla zakho kunye nezicwangciso zokuhamba ukuze uqinisekise amava adibeneyo kunye nolonwabo.
5. Thenga amatikiti: Ungalibali ukuthenga amatikiti akho e-prom kwangaphambili. Gcina umkhondo wemihla ebekiweyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba unemali efunekayo ukuphepha nakuphi na ukuphoxeka komzuzu wokugqibela.
6. Cwangcisa imisebenzi yasemva kwe-prom: Lungelelanisa nabahlobo bakho kwaye uthathe isigqibo malunga nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi yasemva kwe-prom. Nokuba kuzimasa itheko le-post-prom okanye uququzelela indibano encinci, qiniseka ukuba unesicwangciso sokuqhubeka nombhiyozo emva komsitho ophambili.
7. Bamba iinkumbulo: Qasha umfoti oqeqeshiweyo okanye ukhethe umntu oza kubamba amaxesha akhethekileyo ebusuku. Cinga ngokuseta indawo yefoto okanye ulungiselele iikhamera ezilahlwayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba uneenkumbulo ezingapheliyo ze-prom.
Khumbula, i-prom yinto eyenzeka kanye ebomini, ke thatha ixesha lokuyicwangcisa kwaye uyilungiselele. Yonwabele inkqubo kwaye wenze okuninzi kobu busuku bomlingo!
Ndiwukhetha njani umhla wam wokuthengisa?
Ukukhetha umhla we-prom kunokuba ngamava anika umdla kwaye axhokonxe. Nanga amacebiso ambalwa okukunceda wenze isigqibo esifanelekileyo:
1. Qwalasela izinto onomdla kuzo kunye nokuhambelana: Cinga malunga nento oyonwabela ukuyenza kwaye luhlobo luni lomntu ofuna ukuchitha ubusuku be-prom naye. Khetha umntu onomdla ofanayo naye nonobudlelwane obuhle naye.
2. Buza umntu oziva ukhululekile kuye: I-Prom bubusuku obukhethekileyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuyichitha nomntu oziva ukhululekile xa ukunye naye. Cinga ngokubuza umhlobo osenyongweni okanye umntu ononxibelelwano oluluqilima naye.
3. Nxibelelana ngokuphandle: Ngaphambi kokuba ucele umntu ukuba abe ngumhla wakho wokuthengisa, yiba nencoko evulekileyo malunga nokulindela kwakho kunye nethemba lobusuku. Qinisekisa ukuba nobabini niyiqonda ngokucacileyo into eniyifunayo kumava.
4. Gcina ingqondo yakho ivulekile: Sukuzibekela umda kumhla omnye nje onokubakho. Jonga iindlela ezahlukeneyo onokukhetha kuzo kwaye ucinge ngokubuza umntu ekusenokwenzeka ukuba awukhange ucinge ngaye ekuqaleni. Usenokumangaliswa.
5. Yiba nembeko: Khumbula ukumphatha ngembeko nangolwazelelelo loo mntu umcelayo. I-Prom sisiganeko esingalibalekiyo, kwaye kubalulekile ukwenza amava akhuthazayo kuwe kunye nomhla wakho.
Ekugqibeleni, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhetha umntu owonwabela ngokwenene ukuba kunye kwaye oya kwenza ubusuku bakho be-prom ibe ngamava angenakulibaleka.
Umbuzo kunye nempendulo:
Ithini imbali ye-prom?
I-Prom, imfutshane ye-promenade, yaqala ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 eUnited States. Ekuqaleni yayisisiganeko sasekholejini apho abafundi babeza kuhlanganisana kwisidlo sangokuhlwa esisesikweni kunye nokudanisa. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, iguquke yasisithethe sesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kwaye ibe sisiganeko esibalulekileyo kulutsha.
Kutheni iprom ithandwa kangaka?
I-Prom iyathandwa kuba ibonwa njengesithethe sokuhamba kubafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo. Lithuba labo lokunxiba, ukuhlalisana, kwaye babhiyozele ukuphela kohambo lwabo lwesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. I-Prom ikwavumela abafundi ukuba benze iinkumbulo ezingapheliyo kwaye babhiyozele impumelelo yabo kunye noontanga babo.
Zeziphi ezinye izithethe ezidumileyo?
Ezinye izithethe ezidumileyo ze-prom ziquka ukucela umntu ukuba enze i-prom 'ngesiphakamiso' sokuyila, enxibe iimpahla ezisemthethweni ezifana ne-tuxedos kunye neegawuni, ukuthatha imifanekiso ye-prom kunye nabahlobo kunye neentsuku, kunye nokudanisa ubusuku bonke kumculo odlalwa ngu-DJ okanye ibhendi ephilayo.
Idla malini iprom?
Iindleko ze-prom zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo njengendawo, isinxibo, isithuthi, kunye nemisebenzi yasemva kwe-prom. Ngokomyinge, abafundi banokulindela ukuchitha phakathi kwe-500 yeedola ukuya kwi-1,000 yeedola okanye nangaphezulu kwiindleko zeprom.
Yintoni intsingiselo ye-prom?
I-Prom ibalulekile njengoko iphawula ukuphela kwesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kunye notshintsho oluya ebuntwini obukhulu kubafundi abaninzi. Lixesha lokubhiyozela impumelelo, ukwenza iinkumbulo ezihlala ixesha elide, kwaye sithi ndlela ntle kubahlobo nootitshala ngaphambi kokudlulela kwisahluko esilandelayo sobomi.
Yintoni iProm?
I-Prom ngumdaniso wesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo okanye isiganeko esisesikweni esiphawula ukuphela konyaka wesikolo. Iqhele ukubanjelwa abafundi abakunyaka wabo wokugqibela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, nangona ezinye izikolo zikwabamba iiprom zamanqanaba asezantsi ebakala. I-Prom isoloko ibonwa njengesiqhelo kunye nesiganeko esikhumbulekayo kulutsha.
Idla ngokuba nini iProm?
Iprom idla ngokubanjwa entwasahlobo, ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kweenyanga zika-Epreli noJuni. Umhla ochanekileyo unokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisikolo kunye nommandla. Izikolo zihlala zikhetha urhatya lwempelaveki ukwenzela i-prom ukuvumela abafundi ixesha elaneleyo lokuzilungiselela kunye nokonwabela isiganeko ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngesikolo ngosuku olulandelayo.
Zeziphi ezinye izithethe eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene neProm?
Kukho izithethe ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene ne-prom. Esinye isithethe kukukhethwa kokumkani nokumkanikazi, abadla ngokukhethwa ngokuvota kwabantu abaninzi okanye ngezinye iindlela. Esinye isiko sisinxibo esisemthethweni, kunye namantombazana ahlala enxibe iilokhwe kunye namakhwenkwe anxibe iisuti okanye i-tuxedos. I-Prom ihlala ibandakanya isidlo sangokuhlwa esisemthethweni, ukudanisa, kunye nokuthweswa isithsaba sokumkani nokumkanikazi.
Abantu badla ngokumcela njani umntu ukuba enze iprom?
Ukucela umntu ukuba enze i-prom ibe yinkqubo yokuyila kwaye ngamanye amaxesha eneenkcukacha. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukubuza ngendlela elula necacileyo, ngelixa abanye bephuma bonke benezindululo ezicacileyo. Izindululo zinokubandakanya nantoni na ukusuka kwiimpawu kunye neebhena ukuya kwiimpahla kunye namahlokondiba ombane. Ingcamango ephambili kukwenza isimemo sikhumbuleke kwaye sikhethekileyo kumntu ocelwayo.
