UBarbie, unodoli obambekayo othe wathimba iintliziyo zezigidi zabantwana, ibiyinto yokudlala ethandwayo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi amathandathu. Ukusukela oko waziswa kwihlabathi ngo-1959, uBarbie uye waguquka kwaye waziqhelanisa nokutshintsha kwamaxesha kunye neminqweno yamantombazana amancinci.
Iyilwe nguRuth Handler, umseki weMattel, uBarbie waphefumlelwa ngunodoli waseJamani ogama linguBild Lilli. Umphathi uye waqaphela isidingo sikanodoli omele ngaphezu komntwana okanye umntwana omncinci. Wayefuna unodoli oza kuxhobisa amantombazana ukuba acinge kwaye aphuphe kakhulu. Ngaloo ndlela, uBarbie wazalwa.
Ukuqala kukaBarbie ngowe-1959 kwahlangatyezwana nemincili kunye neempikiswano. Ngempahla yakhe esefashonini, umzobo ogqibeleleyo, kunye nobomi obunomtsalane, uBarbie wakhawuleza waba ngumfanekiso wenkcubeko. Wayemele uhlobo olutsha lukanodoli – lowo amantombazana anokuveza amaphupha awo kunye nolangazelelo kuwo.
Bona kwakho: Fumanisa iiMpawu zeFashoni zeminyaka yee-70s-Uhambo oluya kwisitayile sabaseTyhini
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, uBarbie uye waqhubeka nokuziqhelanisa nokutshintsha kwamaxesha. Uthathe imisebenzi emininzi, ukusuka kusomajukujuku ukuya kugqirha ukuya kwi-CEO, ebonisa amantombazana ukuba anokuba yiyo nantoni na afuna ukuba yiyo. UBarbie naye uye wahluka kakhulu, unoonodoli abafumaneka kwiithoni ezahlukeneyo zesikhumba, iintlobo zomzimba, kunye neenwele, ezibonisa ubuhle kunye nokwahlukana kwamantombazana okwenene.
Bona kwakho: Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kweeMpawu zoSapho kunye neeTattoos
ukuba uzothini kumntu omthandayo
Ukuzalwa koMfanekiso: Udoli wokuqala kaBarbie
Ingcinga kaBarbie yaphefumlelwa kukubona kukaRuth Handler ukuba intombi yakhe, uBarbara, yayidla ngokudlala ngoonodoli bephepha kwaye ibacingele njengabafazi abakhulileyo. Umphathi wabona ithuba lokwenza unodoli onomacala amathathu onokubonisa iminqweno kunye namaphupha amantombazana amancinci.
Unodoli wokuqala kaBarbie, owaziwa ngokuba yi-'Barbie Ponytail,' wayenenkangeleko eyahlukileyo eya kuba yi-iconic. Wayeneenwele ezi-blonde okanye ezi-brunette ezifakwe kwi-ponytail ephezulu, amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kunye noncumo olubomvu oluqaqambileyo. Isinxibo sakhe sasiyisuti yokuqubha emnyama namhlophe, izithende eziphakamileyo, namacici egolide.
Ngexesha lokuqalwa kwayo, unodoli kaBarbie wajongana nokugxekwa ngokufana nomntu omdala kunye nenkangeleko entle. Nangona kunjalo, ngokukhawuleza yaba yinto ephazamisayo phakathi kwabantwana kunye nabaqokeleli ngokufanayo. Ukuguquguquka kukanodoli kwenza amantombazana acinge ngeendima nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwimodeli yefashoni ukuya kugqirha okanye kusomajukujuku.
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, uBarbie uye waqhubeka eguquka kwaye eqhelana notshintsho lwenkcubeko. Uye waba luphawu lokuxhotyiswa kunye nokubandakanywa, emele iintlanga ezahlukeneyo, iintlobo zomzimba, kunye nemisebenzi. Impembelelo kaBarbie kwinkcubeko edumileyo kunye nesibongozo sakhe esingaphelelwa lixesha siqinise isimo sakhe njengethoyizi esele imile ixesha elide.
Kutheni unodoli kaBarbie luphawu?
Unodoli kaBarbie uye waba luphawu kule minyaka idlulileyo ngenxa yempembelelo yayo ebalulekileyo kwinkcubeko edumileyo kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukukhuthaza izizukulwana zamantombazana. Nazi ezinye zezizathu zokuba kutheni uBarbie efumene iwonga lomfanekiso:
- Ukusungula: UBarbie wayengunodoli wokuqala wefashoni owaziswa ngo-1959, eguqula ishishini lezinto zokudlala. Ngoluhlu lwakhe olwahlukeneyo lwemisebenzi, iimpahla, kunye nezixhobo, uBarbie wakhuthaza amantombazana ukuba aphuphe kakhulu kwaye ajonge amandla awo.
- Ukungaphelelwa lixesha: UBarbie uye wahlala efanelekile iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu. Ngaphandle kotshintsho kuluntu kunye nezithethe zenkcubeko, uBarbie uye wahlengahlengisa ukubonakalisa amaxesha ngelixa egcina umfanekiso wakhe oqingqiweyo kunye neempawu.
- Impembelelo yehlabathi: Ukuthandwa kukaBarbie kunabela ngaphaya kwe-United States. Waziwa kwaye uyathandwa kwihlabathi jikelele, edlula imiqobo yolwimi nenkcubeko. UBarbie uye waba ngumqondiso wobuntombi kwaye wenze impembelelo ebalulekileyo kwiimarike zokudlala zamazwe ngamazwe.
- UXhobiso: UBarbie ube ngumthombo wokuxhobisa amantombazana. Ngomsebenzi wakhe ohlukeneyo kunye neengozi, uBarbie ubonise amantombazana ukuba anokuba yiyo nantoni na afuna ukuba yiyo. Ukhuthaze amantombazana ukuba amkele amabhongo abo kwaye aphumeze amaphupha abo.
- Umelo: Ukutyhubela iminyaka, uBarbie uye wavela ukuze amele iyantlukwano kunye nokubandakanywa. UMatel uye wazisa iiBarbies zeentlanga ezahlukeneyo, iintlobo zomzimba, kunye nezakhono, evumela amantombazana avela kuzo zonke iindawo ukuba azibone ebonakaliswe kunodoli.
- Into yoMqokeleli: UBarbie uye waqokeleleka kakhulu, kunye noonodoli abancinci kunye nentsebenziswano kunye nabayili abadumileyo. Unodoli kaBarbie uye waba luphawu lokuphelelwa lithemba, nabaqokeleli bazixabisile kwaye bezigcina ezi zinto zokudlala.
Ukuqukumbela, isimo sikaBarbie njengomfanekiso sisiphumo sobuchule bakhe obutsha, ukungaphelelwa lixesha, impembelelo yehlabathi, ukuxhotyiswa, ukumelwa, kunye nokuqokeleleka. Uyaqhubeka ekhuthaza kwaye exhobisa amantombazana kwihlabathi liphela, emenza isimboli esingaphelelwayo sobuntombi kunye nokucinga.
Waqala nini unodoli wokuqala uBarbie?
Unodoli wokuqala kaBarbie waqala ngoMatshi 9, 1959, kwiAmerican International Toy Fair kwisiXeko saseNew York. Iyilwe nguRuth Handler, umseki weMattel, uBarbie wakhawuleza waba yinto yenkcubeko kunye nethoyizi ebonisa izizukulwana zabantwana.
UBarbie waphefumlelwa ngunodoli waseJamani obizwa ngokuba nguBild Lilli, owawusekwe kumlinganiswa wemifanekiso ehlekisayo. U-Ruth Handler waqaphela umdla wentombi yakhe u-Barbara ngoonodoli bephepha kwaye waqaphela imfuneko kanodoli onomacala amathathu onokuvuselela umdlalo wentelekelelo.
Ngeenwele zakhe eziblonde, amehlo aluhlaza, kunye nempahla enesitayile, uBarbie wayemele uhlobo olutsha lukanodoli olubonakalisa iminqweno kunye namaphupha amantombazana amancinci. Wayethengiswe njengonodoli wefashoni kwaye weza noluhlu lwezixhobo kunye nempahla ukukhuthaza umdlalo wobuchule kunye nokubalisa amabali.
Ukusukela ekuqaleni kwakhe, uBarbie uye wadlula kwiinguqu ezininzi kwaye uye waqhelana namaxesha aguqukayo. Unemisebenzi engaphezulu kwama-200, emele imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwaye exhobisa amantombazana ukuba aphuphe kakhulu kwaye akholelwe kuwo.
Namhlanje, uBarbie usaqhubeka eyinto yokudlala ethandekayo nenempembelelo, ekhuthaza ukuyila kunye nokucinga kubantwana kwihlabathi liphela. Isibheno sakhe esingapheliyo kunye nokubaluleka kwenkcubeko kuye kwamenza ukuba abe ngumfanekiso wenkcubeko ye-pop kunye nophawu lwamandla entombazana.
Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kukaBarbie: Ukususela ngo-1950 ukuya koo-1960
Ngeminyaka yoo-1950, uBarbie wenza ingeniso yakhe enkulu kwihlabathi, etshintsha ngonaphakade ishishini lezinto zokudlala kunye nendlela amantombazana adlala ngayo. Iyilwe nguRuth Handler, umseki weMattel, uBarbie waphefumlelwa ngunodoli waseJamani obizwa ngokuba nguBild Lilli. Ngefashoni yakhe enesitayile kunye nokuzilungisa kakuhle, uBarbie ngokukhawuleza waba yintandokazi phakathi kwamantombazana amancinci.
Kwiminyaka yokuqala, uBarbie wayenomzimba obhityileyo kwaye enxiba iimpahla eziqaqambileyo ezazibonisa ifashoni yelo xesha. Isinxibo sakhe sokuqala, isinxibo sokuqubha esinemigca emnyama namhlophe, saba luphawu lwesitayile sikaBarbie esingaphelelwa lixesha. Unodoli wokuqala kaBarbie wayeneenwele eziblonde ezifakwe kumsila wehashe kwaye wayenxibe iindondo zelanga zekati ukuze agqibezele inkangeleko yakhe entle.
Njengoko iminyaka yee-1960 yayiqengqeleka, uBarbie waqhubeka eguquka kwaye eqhelana namaxesha aguqukayo. Ngo-1961, uBarbie wafumana umfanekiso oqingqiweyo omtsha wobuso, owaziwa ngokuba yi-'bubblecut,' owawuneenwele ezimfutshane ezineentsimbi eziphotheneyo. Le inkangeleko entsha yayiye yanamhlanje kwaye ibonakalisa iinwele ezidumileyo zelo xesha.
Ngeli shumi leminyaka, uBarbie waphinda wayandisa ikhabethe yakhe yokunxiba ukuze aquke uluhlu olubanzi lweempahla zezihlandlo ezahlukeneyo. Ukusuka kwiigawuni eziqaqambileyo zangokuhlwa ukuya kwiimpahla zemini, uBarbie wayenempahla yawo wonke umnyhadala. Wayenempahla enemixholo yomsebenzi, enjengomongikazi okanye umlindi kwinqwelomoya, eyayikhuthaza amantombazana amancinci ukuba aphuphe amakhulu kwaye ajonge imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Olunye uphuhliso oluphawulekayo ngeminyaka yee-1960 yayikukuziswa kwezihlobo nosapho lukaBarbie. Ngo-1961, isoka likaBarbie uKen wenza i-start yakhe, elandelwa ngudadewabo omncinane uSkipper ngo-1964. Ezi zongezo zintsha zavumela amantombazana ukuba enze amabali abo kunye neziganeko kunye noBarbie kunye nabathandekayo bakhe.
Iminyaka yoo-1960 yaphawula ixesha elibalulekileyo lokukhula kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kuBarbie. Ngefashoni yakhe ehlala iguquka, iinwele, kunye nehlabathi elandayo, uBarbie uqhubeke wathimba iintliziyo kunye neengcinga zamantombazana kuyo yonke indawo, ebeka inqanaba lempumelelo yakhe yexesha elizayo.
| 1950s | 1960s |
|---|---|
| Umfanekiso obhityileyo | Umkroli omtsha wobuso: 'bubblecut' |
| I-swimsuit enemigca emnyama namhlophe | I-wardrobe eyandisiweyo eneempahla ezahlukeneyo |
| Iinwele eziblonde zifakwe kumsila wehashe | Intshayelelo yabahlobo nosapho lukaBarbie: uKen noSkipper |
Wayenjani uBarbie ngeminyaka yoo-1950?
Ngeminyaka yee-1950, uBarbie wamenza umdlalo wakhe wokuqala kwaye ngokukhawuleza waba yinto yokudlala yabantwana kwihlabathi liphela. Iyilwe nguRuth Handler, umseki weMattel, uBarbie waphefumlelwa ngunodoli waseJamani obizwa ngokuba nguBild Lilli. UBarbie waziswa kwihlabathi kwi-American International Toy Fair kwisiXeko saseNew York ngoMatshi 9, 1959.
UBarbie ngeminyaka yee-1950 wayenenkangeleko eqaqambileyo nesefashonini. Wayenomzimba obhityileyo onesinqe esincinane, imilenze emide, nentamo entle. Iinwele zakhe zazilungiswe ngendlela esefashonini kwaye wayenoncumo olunomtsalane ebusweni bakhe. Amehlo kaBarbie ayebanzi kwaye eqaqambile, emnika inkangeleko edlamkileyo nedlalayo.
Ikhabhathi kaBarbie ngeminyaka yee-1950 yaphenjelelwa yifashoni yelo xesha. Wayenengqokelela yempahla enesitayile, kubandakanya iilokhwe ze-cocktail, iigawuni zangokuhlwa, kunye nempahla yokunxiba. Iimpahla zikaBarbie zenziwe ngokuqwalasela iinkcukacha, zineepateni ezintsonkothileyo kunye namalaphu amahle.
Ukongeza kwimpahla yakhe esefashonini, uBarbie wayenoluhlu lwezixhobo zokugqibezela inkangeleko yakhe. Wayenezithende eziphakamileyo, iibhegi, iminqwazi, kwaneendondo zelanga. Izixhobo zikaBarbie zaziyilelwe ukuba zitshintshe, zivumela abantwana ukuba baxube kwaye batshatise iziqwenga ezahlukeneyo ukwenza ezabo izitayile ezizodwa.
Ukuthandwa kukaBarbie ngeminyaka yee-1950 kwakuyimbonakaliso yokutshintsha kwamaxesha. Njengoko ixesha lasemva kwemfazwe lizisa ukuchuma kwezoqoqosho kunye nomnqweno wezinto zanamhlanje, uBarbie wabonisa iminqweno kunye namaphupha amantombazana amancinci. Wayemele ihlabathi lobukhazikhazi, ifashoni, kunye nezinto ezinokwenzeka.
Lilonke, uBarbie ngeminyaka yoo-1950 wayengunodoli osesitayeleni nosefashonini owathimba intelekelelo yabantwana. Ngenkangeleko yakhe ye-iconic kunye newodrophu ebanzi, uBarbie waba ngumfanekiso ongaphelelwa lixesha oqhubeka ekhuthaza kwaye exhobisa amantombazana amancinci ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje.
Wayekhangeleka njani uBarbies ngeminyaka yoo-1960?
Ngeminyaka yoo-1960, oonodoli baka-Barbie baye benza utshintsho oluninzi ukubonisa ukuvela kwefashoni kule minyaka ilishumi. Unodoli we-iconic waqhubeka nokutyikitya iinwele zakhe ezi-blonde kunye namehlo aluhlaza, kodwa iimpawu zakhe zobuso ziye zacocwa ngakumbi kwaye zaphucuka.
Ngeli xesha, umzimba kaBarbie uphinde walungiswa. Oonodoli baba curvaceous ngakumbi, kunye esinqeni esincinane kunye bust evelele ngakumbi. Amalungu kaBarbie ayechazwe ngokupheleleyo, evumela uluhlu olubanzi lokuma kunye neentshukumo.
Iwodrophu kaBarbie ngeminyaka yoo-1960 yayiyimbonakaliso yefashoni yelo xesha. Wayenengqokelela enkulu yeempahla ezinesitayile, kubandakanya iilokhwe ezincinci, ibhulukhwe ephantsi, kunye nee-ensembles eziphefumlelweyo. UBarbie naye wayedlala iintlobo ngeentlobo zeenwele, ukusuka kwiibhubhu ezimfutshane ukuya kwezinde, nezitshixo ezihambayo.
Oyena unodoli bakaBarbie baphawuleka ngeminyaka yoo-1960 yiBubblecut Barbie, eyayibonisa inwele eyodwa enekepusi yeplastiki ebunjiweyo kunye neenwele ezingcambu. Lo nodoli uye wathandwa kakhulu kwaye ufunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli namhlanje.
| Iimbonakalo | 1960s Barbie |
| Iinwele | Blonde, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo |
| Amehlo | Luhlaza |
| Umzimba | I-curvaceous esinqeni esincinci kunye ne-bust enkulu |
| Ukucacisa | Amalungu achazwe ngokupheleleyo |
| Unodoli odumileyo | Bubblecut Barbie |
Oonodoli bakaBarbie ngeminyaka yee-1960 babeyimbonakaliso yamaxesha atshintshayo, besamkela ifashoni kunye nesimbo sexesha. Ezi nodoli ziyaqhubeka zithandwa ngabaqokeleli kwaye zibubungqina bokubhenela kukaBarbie.
Utshintshe njani uBarbie ekuhambeni kwexesha?
UBarbie, unodoli ongumfanekiso owenziwe nguRuth Handler, uye wafumana iinguqu ezininzi ukususela ekuqaleni kwakhe ngo-1959. Ekuhambeni kweminyaka, uBarbie uye waguquka ukuze abonise ukutshintsha kwezithethe zoluntu kunye neendlela zenkcubeko. Nantsi itheyibhile eqaqambisa ezinye zeenguqu ezibalulekileyo adlule kuzo uBarbie:
| Unyaka | Guqula |
|---|---|
| 1959 | U-Barbie waziswa njengemodeli yefashoni yolutsha kunye notyikityo lwakhe lwehashe kunye nesinxibo sokuqubha. |
| 1963 | Umfana wokuqala kaBarbie, uKen, waziswa. |
| 1965 | Iinwele zikaBarbie zahlaziywa zaba yintshayelelo entsha, enenkangeleko yale mihla. |
| 1971 | Amehlo kaBarbie atshintshelwe kwinkangeleko yendalo. |
| 1977 | Ukungunda kobuso bukaBarbie kwahlaziywa ukumnika uluhlu olwahlukeneyo lwezizwe. |
| 1980 | Umzimba kaBarbie wenziwa ngokutsha ukuze ube nomzimba olungeleleneyo wezemidlalo. |
| 1997 | Iinyawo zikaBarbie zatshintshwa ukuze zikwazi ukuthwala iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezihlangu. |
| 2000 | Ithoni yesikhumba sikaBarbie iye yahluka ngakumbi, ibonisa uluhlu olubanzi lwezizwe. |
| 2016 | Umzimba kaBarbie watshintshwa ngakumbi ngokuziswa koodoli abade, abagobileyo nabancinci. |
Olu tshintsho kwinkangeleko kaBarbie lube lukhulu ekukhuthazeni ubandakanyo nokumelwa. UBarbie utshintshile ukusuka kumfanekiso ofanelekileyo waba ngunodoli owamkela ukwahluka kwaye uxhobisa abantwana ukuba bazibone bebonakaliswa kwizinto zabo zokudlala.
Iphupha loMqokeleli: Ukuxabisa unodoli wokuqala kaBarbie
Kubaqokeleli boonodoli kwihlabathi liphela, unodoli wokuqala kaBarbie ngoyena butyebi. Yaziswa okokuqala ngo-1959 nguMattel, unodoli ongumfanekiso uye waba luphawu lobuhle, ifashoni, kunye notshintsho lwenkcubeko. Ixabiso likadoli we-Barbie wokuqala liye lanyuka ngaphezu kweminyaka, liyenza ibe yinto efunwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaqokeleli.
Yintoni eyenza unodoli kaBarbie woqobo ahluke kwiinguqulelo zamva ziimpawu zakhe ezizodwa kunye noyilo. Lo nodoli unomzimba obhityileyo, imilenze emide, nesinqe esincinane, nto leyo eyayiyinguqu enkulu ngelo xesha. Kananjalo unobuso obuhle obunamashiya, amehlo aluhlaza, kunye nemilebe ebomvu. Unodoli wokuqala kaBarbie wayefumaneka ngeenwele eziblonde okanye ezinombala omdaka.
Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kunodoli waseBarbie yimeko yayo. Abaqokeleli bajonga oonodoli abakwimeko entle kakhulu, kunye nazo zonke izincedisi zokuqala kunye nempahla yokunxiba. Ipakethe yokuqala kanodoli nayo yongeza kwixabiso layo. Oonodoli bakaBarbie abasekwibhokisi yabo yokuqala okanye ukupakishwa kwabo banokufumana ixabiso eliphezulu.
Ukunqaba kwedoli yaseBarbie yasekuqaleni nayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwixabiso layo. Ekubeni unodoli waziswa okokuqala kwiminyaka engamashumi amathandathu eyadlulayo, ukufumana unodoli waseBarbie ogcinwe kakuhle kunokuba ngumngeni. Oonodoli abaneempawu ezizodwa okanye iintlelo ezilinganiselweyo zixabiseke ngakumbi kubaqokeleli.
Xa kuziwa ekuxabiseni unodoli weBarbie wokuqala, abaqokeleli bajonga izinto ezininzi. Ubudala bukanodoli, imeko yakhe, ukunqaba, kunye nazo naziphi na iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zonke zinegalelo kwixabiso lakhe. Ukongeza, imfuno yonodoli phakathi kwabaqokeleli kunye neendlela zangoku zentengiso zinokuchaphazela ixabiso layo.
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, ixabiso likanodoli wokuqala kaBarbie liye landa kakhulu. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abanye oonodoli baye bathengiswa kwiifandesi ngamawaka eedola. Ixabiso lerekhodi likanodoli we-Barbie wokuqala wamiselwa ngo-2006 xa unodoli we-Barbie onqabileyo # 1 okwimeko ye-mint wathengiswa ngaphezu kwe-$ 27,000.
Nokuba ungumqokeleli woonodoli ozinikeleyo okanye umlandeli kaBarbie, unodoli wokuqala uBarbie umele icwecwe lembali kunye nophawu lokuxhotyiswa kwabasetyhini. Uyilo lwayo olungaphelelwa lixesha kunye neempembelelo zenkcubeko ziyaqhubeka ukubamba abaqokeleli kunye nabanomdla kwihlabathi liphela.
Ndazi njani ukuba unodoli wam kaBarbie uxabisekile?
Xa kuziwa ekumiseleni ixabiso likadoli wakho kaBarbie, kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Nazi ezinye zezalathisi eziphambili ezinokukunceda uvavanye ixabiso likanodoli wakho:
1. Ukunqaba: Ukunqaba kwedoli yaseBarbie kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ixabiso layo. Ushicilelo olulinganiselweyo okanye oonodoli abakhethekileyo, kunye nabo baveliswe kuphela ixesha elifutshane, bathande ukuba luncedo ngakumbi.
2. Isimo: Imeko yedoli yenye into ebalulekileyo. Oonodoli bakaBarbie abakwimeko ye-mint, kunye nazo zonke iimpahla zabo zokuqala kunye nezixhobo, bafunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli kwaye ke baxabiseke ngakumbi.
ukutya okungakanani kwepati ye-100
3. Ubudala: Iidoli zeBarbie ezindala, ngakumbi ezo zisuka kwiminyaka yokuqala yokuvelisa (1959-1970), zixabiseke ngokubanzi ngenxa yokubaluleka kwazo kwimbali kunye nokunqongophala.
4. Ukupakishwa: Ukuba unodoli wakho kaBarbie usekwipakethe yakhe yokuqala, inokunyusa kakhulu ixabiso layo. Ukupakishwa okukwimeko entle kwaye engazange kuvulwe kunqweneleka ngakumbi kubaqokeleli.
5. Uhlelo: Abanye oonodoli bakaBarbie bayinxalenye yohlelo oluqingqiweyo okanye intsebenziswano nabayili abadumileyo okanye abantu abadumileyo. Aba nodoli bahlala benexabiso eliphezulu ngenxa yobubodwa kunye neempawu ezizodwa.
6. Imfuno yemarike: Ekugqibeleni, ixabiso likadoli weBarbie likwaphenjelelwa yimfuno yemarike. Ukuba kukho imfuno ephezulu yedoli ethile phakathi kwabaqokeleli, ixabiso layo linokuthi libe phezulu.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ixabiso leedoli zeBarbie liyakwazi ukuguquguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ekugqibeleni linqunywe ngabaqokeleli abazimisele ukuhlawula. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngexabiso likaBarbie unodoli wakho, kusoloko kululuvo olulungileyo ukuba udibane nomlinganisi obekekileyo okanye wenze uphando lokufumana oonodoli abafanayo kunye namaxabiso abo emarikeni.
Ixabisa malini unodoli kaBarbie woqobo?
Ukuba ungumqokeleli okanye unomdla wokwazi ngexabiso loonodoli bakaBarbie bakudala, usenokuba uyazibuza ukuba uxabisa malini unodoli waseBarbie. Ixabiso likaBarbie unodoli wediliya lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa nemeko yayo, ukunqaba, kunye naziphi na izincedisi ezizodwa okanye impahla enokuba nayo.
Ngokubanzi, umdala kwaye unqabile unodoli kaBarbie, uxabiseke ngakumbi. Unodoli wokuqala kaBarbie, owaziswa ngo-1959, ufunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli kwaye unokubiza ixabiso eliphezulu. Ngo-2020, unodoli we-mint-condition wokuqala we-Barbie ukusuka ngo-1959 wathengiswa ngerekhodi-yophula i-28,000 yeedola kwifandesi.
Ezinye izinto ezinokuchaphazela ixabiso likaBarbie unodoli wediliya zibandakanya ubukho bepakethe yokuqala kanodoli, naluphi na ukukhutshwa koshicilelo olukhethekileyo, kunye nokuthandwa kunodoli othile phakathi kwabaqokeleli. Umzekelo, oonodoli bexesha elithi 'Ponytail' (1959-1964) kunye ne 'Mod' era (1967-1972) bahlala bexabiswa kakhulu.
yeyiphi iminyaka yobudala ethathwa njengommi omkhulu
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba imeko kanodoli ibalulekile xa kumiselwa ixabiso layo. Unodoli kaBarbie okwimeko ye-mint, enazo zonke izincedisi zokuqala kunye nempahla yokunxiba, iya kuba nexabiso elingaphezulu kunodoli obonisa iimpawu zokunxiba okanye uneendawo ezilahlekileyo.
Ukuba unomdla ekuthengiseni okanye ekuthengeni unodoli kaBarbie wakudala, luluvo oluhle ukwenza uphando kwaye udibane neengcali okanye abaqokeleli abanamava. Banokubonelela ngesikhokelo kumaxabiso akhoyo emarike kwaye bancede uqinisekise ukuba ufumana ixabiso elifanelekileyo.
Ukuqukumbela, ixabiso likanodoli we-Barbie wangaphambili unokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobudala, ukunqaba, imeko, kunye nezixhobo. Ngophando oluchanekileyo kunye nobuchule, unokumisela ixabiso likadoli we-Barbie wakudala kwaye unokongeza iqhekeza elixabisekileyo kwingqokelela yakho.
Ngowuphi unodoli kaBarbie obaluleke kakhulu?
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, oonodoli bakwa-Barbie baye baqokeleleka kakhulu, kunye noonodoli abathile abanqabileyo nabancinci bafikelela kwixabiso elibalulekileyo lemali. Enye yezona dolls zixabisekileyo zikaBarbie yi-1959 Barbie No. 1, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-'Ponytail Barbie'. Lo nodoli, kunye nesitayile sakhe somsila wehashe kunye nesinxibo sokuqubha esinemigca, yayingunodoli wokuqala kaBarbie owakhululwa kwaye ufunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli.
Omnye unodoli weBarbie oxabisekileyo ngu-1965 Barbie Bendable Leg, owaziwa ngokuba yi-'American Girl Barbie'. Lo nodoli ubonise uyilo olutsha lomlenze ogobekayo kunye nokumila komzimba okwenyani, oko kumenza intandokazi phakathi kwabaqokeleli.
Omnye weyona nto ixabisekileyo kunye noonodoli bakaBarbie yi-1988 Pink Splendor Barbie. Lo nodoli wayeyilelwe ukubhiyozela isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-30 ka-Barbie kwaye wayebonisa igawuni epinki emangalisayo ehonjiswe ngamawaka eentsimbi ezithungwa ngesandla kunye namaso. Lo nodoli wohlelo olunyiniweyo ufunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli kwaye unokulanda ixabiso eliphezulu kwimarike.
Ukongeza, oonodoli abavela kwiNgqokelela yeFashion yeBarbie, efana ne-2006 Pink Label Barbie Doll, eyilwe nguRobert Best, baxabiseke kakhulu ngenxa yobugcisa babo obuphezulu kunye nengqalelo kwiinkcukacha.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ixabiso loodoli bakaBarbie linokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nemeko, ukunqaba, kunye nemfuno. Abaqokeleli kufuneka bahlale bephanda kwaye babonisane neengcali ukuze banqume ixabiso langoku lemarike yeedodoli ezithile.
Nokuba ungumqokeleli kaBarbie okanye unomdla nje kwimbali kunye nexabiso laba nodoli baziwayo, ukuba noonodoli beBarbie ababaluleke kakhulu kunokuba ngamava akhethekileyo kwaye anomvuzo ngokwenene.
UBarbie Ukutyhubela iminyaka: Uphawu loTshintsho kunye nokuQhubekeka
Barbie ibe yinto yokudlala ethandekayo kunye nenkcubeko yenkcubeko ukususela ekuqaleni kwakhe ngo-1959. Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, uye wavela ukuze abonise amaxesha aguqukayo kwaye uye wahlala engumqondiso wobuhle, ukuxhotyiswa, kunye nokucinga kwamantombazana kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ngeminyaka yee-1960, UBarbie umele umfazi waseMelika ofanelekileyo. Ngomzimba wakhe obhityileyo, uncumo olugqibeleleyo, kunye nempahla esefashonini, wayequka ubomi obunomtsalane kunye nolangazelelo lwelo xesha. UBarbie ukhuthaze amantombazana ukuba aphuphe amakhulu kwaye azame impumelelo.
Ngeminyaka yee-1970 neye-1980, UBarbie waqhubeka nokuvela, esamkela iindlela ezintsha zefashoni kunye nemisebenzi. Waba ngugqirha, usomajukujuku, kunye ne-CEO, eqhawula iingcamango zesini kwaye ekhuthaza amantombazana ukuba akholelwe kwizakhono zabo.
Ngeminyaka yee-1990, UBarbie uye wahluka ngakumbi, ngokuziswa kweentlanga ezahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo zomzimba. Eli yayilinyathelo elibalulekileyo elibhekiselele ekubandakanyekeni nasekumelweni kwabo bakwishishini lezinto zokudlala. UBarbie wabonisa amantombazana ukuba ubuhle buza kuzo zonke iimilo, ubukhulu kunye nemibala.
Namhlanje, UBarbie uyaqhubeka nokuziqhelanisa nehlabathi elitshintshayo. Uye wabandakanyeka ngakumbi, emele izakhono ezahlukeneyo kunye neemvelaphi. UBarbie ngoku ukhuthaza amantombazana ukuba ajonge iindlela ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi kwaye asukele ukuthanda kwawo.
Kuyo yonke le minyaka, uBarbie uye wahlala eluphawu lotshintsho kunye nokuqhubekeka. Ngelixa inkangeleko yakhe kunye nokukhetha kwakhe umsebenzi kuye kwavela, umyalezo wakhe wokuxhotyiswa kunye nokucinga kwakhe uhlala ungatshintshi. UBarbie ukhuthaza amantombazana ukuba aphuphe amakhulu, acele umngeni kwizithethe zoluntu, kwaye akholelwe kuwo.
Udumo lukaBarbie oluhlala luhleli kunye nentsingiselo yenkcubeko lungqina ukuba akayonto yokudlala nje. Uyimbonakaliso yenkqubela esiyenzileyo ekwamkeleni iiyantlukwano kunye nokuxhobisa amantombazana. UBarbie uya kuqhubeka ekhuthaza kwaye exhobisa izizukulwana ezizayo, emenza i icon engaphelelwa lixesha.
Ufuzisela ntoni umboniso bhanyabhanya kaBarbie?
Umboniso bhanyabhanya kaBarbie uze ukufuzisela ngaphezu kwefilimu eyonwabisayo neyonwabisayo. Imele ukuguquka kukaBarbie njengomfanekiso wenkcubeko kunye nefuthe analo kwizizukulwana zamantombazana kunye nabasetyhini emhlabeni jikelele.
Embindini wayo, imuvi kaBarbie ifanekisela ukuxhotyiswa kunye nokuzibonakalisa. UBarbie ebesoloko ebonakalisa amaxesha, kwaye iimuvi zimvumela ukuba ajonge imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, izinto azithandayo, kunye nezinto ezifikayo. Ngala mabali, uBarbie ukhuthaza amantombazana ukuba aphuphe kakhulu kwaye akholelwe kubo, ebabonisa ukuba banokuba yiyo nantoni na abafuna ukuba yiyo.
Ukongeza ekuxhotyisweni, imuvi kaBarbie ikwabonakalisa iyantlukwano kunye nokubandakanywa. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, uBarbie uye wavela ukuze abe ngummeli ngakumbi wezizwe ezahlukeneyo, iintlobo zemizimba, kunye nobuchule. Iimuvi ziqhubeka nalo mkhwa ngokubonisa abalinganiswa abahlukeneyo, ukubonisa ubuhle bomntu ngamnye kunye nokukhuthaza ukwamkelwa nokuqonda.
Imuvi kaBarbie ikwabonisa ukubaluleka kobuhlobo kunye nokusebenzisana. Uninzi lwemiboniso bhanyabhanya lujikeleza uBarbie kunye nabahlobo bakhe besebenza kunye ukoyisa imingeni kwaye bafezekise iinjongo zabo. Oku kuqinisa ixabiso lentsebenziswano kunye namandla anokufunyanwa kubunye.
Ngapha koko, imuvi kaBarbie ifanekisela ukucinga kunye nobuchule. Amabali athatha ababukeli kuhambo lwentelekelelo ukuya kumazwe akude kunye nehlabathi elimangalisayo, ekhuthaza abantwana ukuba bacinge ngaphandle kwebhokisi kwaye baphonononge ubuchule babo bokuyila.
Ngokubanzi, imuvi kaBarbie luphawu lwempefumlelo, ukubandakanywa, kunye namathuba angenasiphelo aza nokukholelwa kwisiqu sakho. Isebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokuba yonke intombazana inamandla okubumba ikamva layo kunye nokwenza impembelelo entle kwihlabathi.
Usebenza njani uBarbie njengophawu ebalini?
UBarbie usebenza njengophawu olunamandla kulo lonke uhambo lwakhe ukusuka ngo-1959 ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje. Umele ngaphezu konodoli nje, kodwa kunoko uquka iingcamango eziguqukayo kunye neminqweno yoluntu.
yintoni enokutshintsha iswekile eyimpuphu
Ukususela kwintshayelelo yakhe yokuqala ngo-1959, uBarbie wafanekisela uhlobo olutsha lukanodoli olwahlukana noonodoli besintu. Ngeempahla zakhe ezinesitayile, izincedisi ezintle, kunye neempawu eziphucukileyo, uBarbie wayemele umfazi wale mihla nozimeleyo. Waba luphawu lokuxhotyiswa kwamantombazana, ebakhuthaza ukuba baphuphe kakhulu kwaye balandele iminqweno yabo.
Njengoko iminyaka yayihamba, uBarbie waqhubeka nokuvela, ebonisa amaxesha aguqukayo kunye nezithethe zoluntu. Ngeminyaka yee-1960, wamkela ifashoni kunye neendlela zenkcubeko zelo xesha, ebonisa umoya wolutsha kunye nemvukelo. Ngeminyaka yoo-1980, uBarbie waba luphawu lwempumelelo kunye nokuthanda izinto eziphathekayo, kunye nendlu yakhe yamaphupha, iimoto zemidlalo, kunye nobomi obutofotofo.
Nangona kunjalo, umfanekiso kaBarbie wabangela impikiswano kunye nokugxekwa. Abanye babemi ngelithi umlinganiselo womzimba wakhe ongekho ngqiqweni kunye nokugxininisa kwakhe kwimilinganiselo yobuhle kwakuyonakalisa ukuzithemba kwamantombazana. UBarbie waba luphawu loxinzelelo loluntu ukuba ahambelane nomfanekiso ofanelekileyo wobufazi.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uBarbie uthathe amanyathelo okulungisa ezi zigxeko kwaye waba luphawu olubandakanyayo. Ukwaziswa koonodoli abahlukeneyo abaneethoni zesikhumba ezahlukeneyo, iimilo zomzimba, kunye nobugcisa bujolise ekuboniseni iyantlukwano yehlabathi lokwenyani kunye nokukhuthaza ukubandakanywa. UBarbie uye waba luphawu lokwamkela ubuntu kunye nokubhiyozela iyantlukwano.
Ngokubanzi, uBarbie usebenza njengophawu lokutshintsha kwamaxesha kunye nemilinganiselo yoluntu. Ube ngumthombo wenkuthazo, ukuxhobisa, impikiswano, kunye nokubandakanywa. Uhambo lukaBarbie ukusuka ngowe-1959 ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje lubonakalisa ulangazelelo oluguquguqukayo kunye neenjongo zoluntu, nto leyo emenza ukuba abe luphawu olungaphelelwa lixesha kwibali lethu lenkcubeko.
Umele ntoni uBarbie eluntwini?
Barbie ubengumntu obalaseleyo kuluntu ukusukela oko waziswa ngo-1959. Umele ngaphezu konodoli nje; ufuzisela ubuhle, ubufazi, kunye nomfanekiso ofanelekileyo womfazi. UBarbie ubenempembelelo ebalulekileyo kuluntu kwaye unempembelelo kwindlela amantombazana azijonga ngayo kunye neendima zawo kwihlabathi.
Inkangeleko egqibeleleyo kaBarbie eneenwele zakhe ezinde eziblonde, esinqeni esibhityileyo, nebala elingenasiphako limisele imigangatho yobuhle obungeyonyani kumantombazana nabasetyhini. Abaninzi bathi uBarbie ukhuthaza umfanekiso womzimba ongekho ngqiqweni kwaye unegalelo kwimiba yembonakalo yomzimba engalunganga, njengokungazithembi kunye nokuphazamiseka kokutya.
Kwelinye icala, uBarbie ukwangumthombo wokuxhobisa amantombazana. Umele imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwaye wakhuthaza amantombazana ukuba aphuphe kakhulu kwaye aphumeze iinjongo zawo. UBarbie ube ngugqirha, usomajukujuku, injineli, kunye neminye imisebenzi emininzi, esophula iinkolelo zesini kunye nokukhuthaza amantombazana ukuba akholelwe kwizakhono zabo.
UBarbie ukwamele ifashoni kunye nomthengi. Ubesoloko ehamba phambili kwiindlela zefashoni kwaye uye waphefumlela iimpahla ezininzi kunye nemigca ye-accessory. UBarbie uye waba luphawu lokuthanda izinto eziphathekayo kunye nenkcubeko yabathengi, kunye namantombazana afuna ukuba nodoli weBarbie wamva nje kunye nezixhobo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uBarbie wenze utshintsho olukhulu ukuze abandakanyeke ngakumbi kwaye ahluke. I-Mattel, inkampani engasemva kuka-Barbie, ivelise oonodoli abaneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, iithoni zesikhumba, kunye neenwele. Eli nyathelo liye lanconywa ngokukhuthaza iyantlukwano kunye nokumelwa kwizinto zokudlala kunye nokucela umngeni kwimigangatho yobuhle emxinwa eyayimelwe nguBarbie.
Ukuqukumbela, uBarbie umele zombini imiba elungileyo nengalunganga yoluntu. Ube ngumthombo wenkuthazo kunye nokuxhobisa amantombazana, kodwa ukwagxekwa ngokukhuthaza imigangatho yobuhle obungeyonyani kunye nokuthanda izinto eziphathekayo. UBarbie uyaqhubeka nokuguquka kwaye aziqhelanise notshintsho olulindelwe luluntu, ebonisa incoko eqhubekayo malunga nesini, ubuhle, kunye nokwahluka.
Umbuzo kunye nempendulo:
Waziswa nini uBarbie okokuqala?
UBarbie waziswa okokuqala ngo-1959.
Ngubani owadala uBarbie?
UBarbie wenziwa nguRuth Handler, umseki weMattel.
Uye wavela njani uBarbie kule minyaka idlulileyo?
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, uBarbie uye wavela wahluka ngakumbi kwaye ebandakanya, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lweentlobo zomzimba, iithoni zesikhumba, kunye neenwele.
Zeziphi ezinye zeempawu zoonodoli zikaBarbie zamandulo?
Abanye oonodoli bakaBarbie abadumileyo bexesha elidlulileyo baquka i-1959 Barbie, i-'American Girl' Barbie ka-1965, kunye no-1985 'Imini-ebusuku' uBarbie.
Kutheni uBarbie ethathwa njengomfanekiso wenkcubeko?
UBarbie uthathwa njengophawu lwenkcubeko kuba ubenempembelelo enkulu kwinkcubeko edumileyo kwaye ube luphawu lolangazelelo kunye nokuxhotyiswa kwamantombazana kunye nabasetyhini abaninzi.
Ithini imbali kaBarbie?
UBarbie waziswa okokuqala ngo-1959 nguMattel, inkampani yaseMelika yokudlala. Wadalwa nguRuth Handler, owaphefumlelwa ngunodoli waseJamani obizwa ngokuba nguBild Lilli. UBarbie wakhawuleza waba yinto yokudlala edumileyo kwaye ukusukela ngoko uye wafumana iinguqu ezininzi kunye nohlengahlengiso ukuze abonakalise ukutshintsha kwezithethe neendlela zoluntu.
Uye wavela njani uBarbie kule minyaka idlulileyo?
UBarbie uye wavela ngeendlela ezininzi ukususela ekudalweni kwakhe ngo-1959. Ekuqaleni, wayethengiswa njengemodeli yefashoni yeshumi elivisayo, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, uye wathatha imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye neendima, emele iinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuhlanga. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uMatel uvelise iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, iithoni zolusu, kunye neenwele ukubonisa ngcono ukungafani kwabathengi.
Liliphi ifuthe analo uBarbie eluntwini?
U-Barbie ube nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kuluntu ukususela ekuqalisweni kwakhe. Uye wanconywa kwaye wagxekwa ngenxa yempembelelo yakhe kumfanekiso womzimba kunye neendima zesini. Abanye bathi uBarbie ukhuthaza imigangatho yobuhle obungeyonyani, ngelixa abanye bekholelwa ukuba uye waxhobisa amantombazana ngokuwabonisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi kunye nokukhuthaza umdlalo ocingayo.
Ngabaphi oonodoli bakwaBarbie abadumileyo kunye nezincedisi?
Kubekho uninzi loonodoli beBarbie abadumileyo kunye nezixhobo kule minyaka idlulileyo. Abanye oonodoli bakaBarbie abadumileyo baquka uBarbie Dreamhouse, iBarbie Fashionistas, kunye neBarbie Careers. Ukongeza koonodoli, kukwakho iiseti zokudlala ezahlukeneyo, iimpahla, kunye nezixhobo ezifumanekayo zikaBarbie, ezivumela abantwana ukuba benze awabo amabali kunye neemeko.
