Imithi eyahlukeneyo ijika imibala eyahlukileyo ngokuwa.
Yintoni ebangela ukuba izityalo zikhuphe amagqabi ekwindla? Kukunxibelelana okunzima phakathi kwemfuza, ukukhanya kunye nobushushu. Ukuqala ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo ezinqabileyo, kubandakanya imithi kunye namatyholo, zijika imibala eqaqambileyo zize ziwachithe amagqabi. Ukuqonda imfihlelo emva kwalo mboniso wonyaka wokuwa kukufumanisa iifektri zomlingo ngaphakathi kwamagqabi esityalo.
Izinto ezityikitya kwizityalo eziwayo zilapha
Yintoni ebangela ukuba izityalo zikhuphe amagqabi ekwindla? Impendulo ixhomekeke kwimfuza yesityalo nakwindlela esisebenza ngayo.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo
- Izityalo zihluma emva kwexesha lasehlotyeni
- Ukuchonga iiMdiliya eziPhakamileyo
- Imifanekiso yokuNceda ukufumanisa isifo seZityalo
Iklorophyll
Kwiseli nganye yamagqabi esityalo kukho into ebizwa ngokuba yiklorofili. Yiloo nto enika amagqabi umbala wabo oluhlaza. Ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yiklorophyll inxibelelana namanzi, icarbon dioxide kunye nelanga ukwenza izityalo zeecarbohydrate ezilula kufuneka zikhule kwaye zichume.
Ngexesha lasentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni xa ilanga lininzi kwaye amaqondo obushushu efudumele, amagqabi ezityalo aqukethe ininzi yeklorofili. Imaski eminye imibala okanye imibala eyenziwe ngaphakathi kwamagqabi. Kuxhomekeke kwisityalo, amagqabi anokuqulatha izixa ezahlukeneyo zezinye ii-pigment zamachiza: i-carotenoids kunye ne-anthocyanins.
Ukukhanya kwelanga
Njengokuba iintsuku zasehlotyeni ziba mfiliba, ubude bemini nobude bemitha yelanga buyatshintsha njengoko umhlaba uhamba esithubeni. Izityalo ziyaluqonda olu tshintsho lwemizuzu yonke imihla ngemihla. Njengokuba iintsuku zikhula zifutshane, ukunqongophala kwelanga kuqala ukubonakalisa ukwehla kwemveliso yokutya.
Amaqondo obushushu
Kunye nokukhanya okuncinci kwelanga, amaqondo obushushu aqala ukuphola. Njengokuba amaqondo obushushu asebusuku ekhula ephola, oku kukwabonisa ukuba izityalo zimise okanye zicothise imveliso yokutya. Njengoko imveliso yeklorophyll iyeka ngokupheleleyo, ii-carotenoids kunye neeanthocyanins ngaphakathi kwamagqabi esityalo ziyabonakala.
Amagqabi awayo
Olu dibana lokumiswa kwemveliso yeklorophyll, ukukhanya kwelanga okuncinci, kunye namaqondo obushushu apholileyo enza njengokutshintsha ngaphakathi kwinkqubo yemfuza yesityalo. Itsiba kwindawo 'yokucima' kwaye isayinise amagqabi ukuba ayeke ukukhula kunye nokwenza ukutya. Okokuqala, imveliso yeklorophyll iyayeka. Ii-anthocyanins ezigqunyiweyo kunye neecartenoids ngoku ziyabonakala, zityhila amagqabi efihliweyo obomvu, bomvu, ocheri, namthubi wegolide. Nangona kunjalo, njengokuba ixesha lihamba kwaye kungekho mandla eveliswayo emagqabini, isityalo siyawakhulula kwaye amagqabi awela emhlabeni.
Umahluko wamagqabi kwii-evergreens
Imithi enqabileyo kunye namatyholo aphulukana namagqabi ekwindla njengenyathelo lokhuselo. Amagqabi awo athambile, kwaye amaqondo obushushu abandayo angababulala. Amanzi ahamba phakathi kwamagqabi athambileyo aya kubanda, ayeke ukuveliswa kwamandla. Imithi ehlala iluhlaza kunye namatyholo, okanye lawo agcina amagqabi aluhlaza ebusika, agcina ukujiya okujiyileyo, okuthambileyo kwinaliti nganye. Esi sigqubuthelo se-wax sikhusela amagqabi kubanda.
Kukho umahluko ngaphakathi kwamagqabi, nawo. Iikhemikhali ezizodwa zisebenza njengohlobo lokuthintela ukubanda phakathi kweenaliti ezihlala ziluhlaza ukugcina ulwelo luhamba ngesityalo lungabi ngumkhenkce. Yiyo loo nto zihlala ziluhlaza zingawagcina amagqabi (iinaliti) kuzo zonke iinyanga ezinzima zasebusika ngelixa imithi emileyo kufuneka ichithwe.
