Musa ukoyika ukubuza: 'Athetha ukuthini amanani kwiilensi zekhamera?' Abafoti abaninzi abathandayo bayabhideka xa bejonga kumanani amancinci kunye noonobumba abajikeleza iilensi zekhamera.
Ndiyaqalisa
Ukuba usebenza kwilizwe leefoto zedijithali, unokucinga ngokuthenga iikiti zelensi kwikhamera yakho yeDSLR. Ukuba kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ukuba wazi amanani, oonobumba kunye neesimboli ezibonisa iilensi. Ukuqonda oku kumakishwa kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba uthenga ilensi efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho zeefoto.
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Ngethamsanqa, ukucacisa amanani kwiilensi zekhamera akunzima kangako. Amanani abonelela ngolwazi malunga nemisebenzi yekhamera kunye nokwazisa malunga nelensi ngokwayo. Ukuqonda indlela yokusebenzisa iilensi kunye neenombolo kunokwenza okanye kophule ithuba elihle lokufota.
Athetha ntoni amanani kwiilensi zekhamera? Impendulo
Uninzi lweelensi zekhamera yeDSLR ziya kuba neenombolo ezimbalwa kunye noonobumba abashicilelweyo kuzo. Amanye ala manani achaza ubuchwephesha besiseko belensi, ngelixa abanye bebonisa amanqaku kunye namandla e-lens axhotyiswe ngawo. Ngokubanzi, amanani abonisa amagama aqhelekileyo kuzo zonke iilensi, kodwa ezinye zinokuba zezomenzi othile. Olu lwazi lulandelayo luya kukunceda uphendule umbuzo: 'Athetha ntoni amanani kwiilensi zekhamera?'
Inani le-MM
Oonobumba 'mm' kwiilensi zekhamera babhekisa kubude obugxile kwiimilimitha. Ubude obugxile kubude okanye umgama ukusuka ngaphambili kwelensi ukuya kwi-sensor ngaphakathi kwekhamera. Ubude bokugxila yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzithathele ingqalelo xa uthenga ilensi entsha. Amanani amakhulu e-mm, anje nge-200mm okanye i-300mm abonelela ngombono ophakanyisiweyo womnxeba okanye umfanekiso wefowuni. Amanani amakhulu alungele ukusetyenziswa ukuba uthatha imifanekiso emininzi umgama omde. Umzekelo, ukuba ufuna ukuthatha ifoto yentaka emthini, uya kufuna ukuthatha ifoto enobude obugxile kwi-300mm okanye ngaphezulu ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo okuyo malunga nentaka.
Kwelinye icala, inani elincinci le-mm libanzi i-engile yokujonga ngaphakathi kwefoto. Amanani amancinci amancinci aqeshwe ngcono kwiifoto ezibanzi. Ukongeza, ukuba ilensi inamanani amabini ee-mm kuyo, umzekelo 17-85mm, oku kubonisa ukuba ungathatha umpu ngobude obugxile kwi-17mm okanye usondeze kuyo yonke indlela ukuya kubude obungama-85mm. Ngeelensi zoom, unokubona uthotho lwamanani ecaleni kwesilayidi okanye ukujikeleza okujikelezayo, kunye notolo okanye umgca okhomba kwelinye lamanani. Oku kubonisa ubude obukhoyo belensi.
Okokugqibela, yazi isimboli engabalulekanga kwilensi yekhamera. Ijongeka ngoluhlobo: Ø. Luphawu lwesikere senombolo ye-mm, elingana ilensi ukuba kuya kufuneka uyibuyisele. Umzekelo, ukuba uqaphela i -58mm ebhalwe kwilensi yakho, oko kuthetha ukuba isihluzi esise-58mm ububanzi siyakulingana neelensi ethile.
Inombolo ye-USM
I-USM imele i-Ultrasonic Motor, eyakhelwe ukuba ijolise ngokukhawuleza kwaye ithi cwaka. Ukuba iilensi zakho zibonisa i-USM kunye nenombolo, oko kuthetha ukuba awudingi kugxila ngesandla. Kunoko, ikhamera iya kugxila ngokuzenzekelayo xa ucinezela iqhosha lokuvala. Inani elandulela i-'USM 'libonisa nje ukuba ilensi yenye yoluhlu. Umzekelo, i-2USM ithetha ukuba ilensi yinguqulelo yesibini kuthotho oluthile. Abanye abavelisi bekhamera basebenzisa amanani amaRoma ukubonisa inani lothotho, ke endaweni ye-2USM uyakubona i-IIUSM.
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Amanani olinganiso
Esi siseti yamanani aboniswe njengama-ratios, abonisa ukuvuleka okubanzi kakhulu kwilensi enikiweyo. Ukuvulwa kwekhamera kukuvula apho kungena khona ukukhanya. Olu kuvulo lunokuba noluhlu lobungakanani beelensi ezithile. Uluhlu lubonakaliswe njengomlinganiso. Umyinge umisela ukuba ikhamera yakho ikwazi njani ukuphatha ukukhanya, kuba ubukhulu besithuba esivulekileyo buchaphazela ukukhanya okungakanani okungena kwinzwa yekhamera. Kwimeko yelensi yokusondeza, uya kubona ixabiso elinye okanye ezimbini, ezinje nge-1: 2.8, 1: 4-5.6. Kumzekelo wokuqala, i-f / 2.8 ibhekisa kwelona ziko libalaseleyo lifumanekayo kule lens. Kumzekelo wesibini, ixabiso liyahluka phakathi f / 4 kunye f / 5.6 kuxhomekeke kubude obugxile kuko.
F Inani
Xa uthenga iilensi zekhamera yeDSLR, uya kuqaphela ukuba iya kuba nenombolo ka 'f'. Inombolo f ibonisa ixabiso lokuvula. Umzekelo, kwi-Canon EF 75-300mm f / 4-5.6, inombolo f (f / 4-5.6) ityhila ukuba ngaba ilensi ithathwa njengekhawulezayo okanye ecothayo. Iilensi ezicothayo zinexabiso eliphezulu lokuvula (inani le-f) ukusuka ku-3.5 ukuya ku-5.6 okanye ngaphezulu. Ukuphakama kwenombolo ye-f, icotha ilensi. Iilensi ezikhawulezayo zivumela ukukhanya okungaphezulu ukuba kungene ngesantya esisheshayo ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yoko, uya kuba nakho ukuthatha iifoto ezibukhali ekukhanyeni okuphantsi ngaphandle kwesidingo sombathathu okanye umbane.
Ngaba kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba izinja ziphefumle ngokukhawuleza
Iilensi ezikhawulezayo zikwakuvumela ukuba uthathe imifanekiso kwiimeko ezikhanyayo eziphantsi ngaphandle kokunyusa i-ISO. Ngokubanzi, isezantsi iseto se-ISO, kokukhona umgangatho wefoto ubangcono. Ukongeza, ngelensi ekhawulezayo (ebonisa inamba esezantsi f) ungadubula izifundo kuluhlu olusondeleyo ngelixa ufiphaza imvelaphi. Ukuba ubudubula umfanekiso omnye kunye nelensi ecothayo, kuya kufuneka ukuba ube kude ukuze ucime imvelaphi.
Icala elisezantsi leelensi ezikhawulezayo kukuba zibiza kakhulu, zinkulu kwaye zinzima kuneelensi ezicothayo. Ilensi ye-f / 2.8 iya kubiza ngaphezulu kwe-4.0 okanye 5.6 lens. Kwaye kuya kuthatha indawo enkulu kwaye kube nzima ukuyithwala.
