Kuyenzeka ukuba ukutshaya intsangu kunokubangela ukuxhuzula phantsi kweemeko ezithile, kodwa idatha yangoku ayinikezeli ubungqina obaneleyo. Iingxelo ezimbalwa zabantu okanye izifundo zezilwanyana zibonisa ukuba i-marijuana okanye i-cannabinoids ingabangela umsebenzi wokubamba, kodwa ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba zikhuselekile ekuthinjweni. Mhlawumbi ukutshaya ukhula kunokubangela ukuqala kohlaselo olutsha okanye kucaphukise ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo yakho ukuba unezinye izinto ezikhoyo.
ungayinika kangaphi i-aspirin yenja
Intsangu kunye nokuhlutha
Idatha ekhoyo efumanekayo iphakamisa intsangu enokuthi iqale ukuhlutha kwabanye abantu abanokuchaphazeleka kwaye ibacinezele kwabanye. Imiba yomngcipheko, enjengesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sokubanjwa, inokukwenza ube sengozini.
- Ingxelo yetyala epapashwe kwi Ijenali yezoNyango ye-Afrika Ngo-2014 kwagqitywa iminyaka engama-26 kusetyenziso olunzima lwentsangu yindoda eneminyaka engama-44 yabangela ukuxhuzula okutsha. Ngokusekwe kwiskena se-MRI, ababhali baziva ngathi ukuxhuzula kwabangelwa sisifo esivelweyo sisiphumo sentliziyo yentsangu, okanye iziphumo eziyityhefu zedosi ephezulu kunye nexesha elide lokhula kwingqondo.
- Kwi ityala lomntu oneminyaka engama-20 ubudala ngembali yesifo esiphambili ebesikhululekile nakuphi na ukuxhuzula iinyanga ezintandathu, kwaxelwa ukuba uxhuzule kathathu emva kokutshaya intsangu amatyeli asixhenxe kwiiveki ezintathu. Nangona kunjalo, ukubanjwa akuzange kwenzeke ngexesha lokutshaya okanye kungekudala emva koko, ke unxibelelwano aluqinisekanga.
- Uvavanyo kwizigulana ezingama-310 kwiklinikhi yokuxhuzula ngaphandle exelwe kwingxelo ye Ijenali yaseYurophu yeNeurology ibonise i-84% yabasebenzisi be-cannabis baxela ukuba akukho lonyuso lokubanjwa, ngelixa i-80% yabasebenzisi bezinye iziyobisi baxela ukuba banokubanjwa ngakumbi.
- Isifundo sokuqala somntu kwiziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni kunye Ukusetyenziswa kwentsangu kunye nomngcipheko wokuhlaselwa kwasekuqaleni yapapashwa ngo-1992 kwi Intengiselwano yoMbutho Wezonyango waseMelika kunye neMozulu . Ababhali baqukumbele intsangu ibikhusela endaweni yomngcipheko wokubanjwa. Iqela lezifundo ezingama-308 zezigulana ezingeniswe esibhedlele ngenxa yokuxhuzula okutsha zafaniswa neqela lolawulo lezigulana ezingama-294 ezamkelweyo kutyando. Amadoda kwiqela lokufunda asebenzise intsangu rhoqo kunakwelo qela lolawulo. Lo mahluko wawumncinci phakathi kwabafazi. I-Heroin yafunyanwa njengengozi yomngcipheko wokubanjwa.
- Iziphumo zentsangu kwiBongo
- Ngaba unokuyibhala ngaphezulu kokhula?
- Yintoni enuka intsangu?
Umngcipheko wokuphembelela ukuxhuzula unokuxhomekeka kumalungu amaninzi otshayayo kunye nokuba uwatshaya kangakanani, okanye nokuba usebenzisa ezinye izinto ezinje ngotywala, ezenza ukuba ubambe lula.
Umthombo weMarijuana, ii-Cannabinoids, kunye nokuBanjwa
Uhlobo ngalunye okanye isivuno se-marijuana (i-cannabis), ngoko ke into oyithengayo, inokuba nemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yee-cannabinoids , iikhemikhali zayo eziphambili. Kungenzeka ukuba umngcipheko wokubanjwa kwimbiza yokutshaya kuxhomekeke kwibhetshi yakho yentsangu kunye nomxholo wayo we-cannabinoid, nokuba ingaba ungcoliswe yenye Izinto ezingekho mthethweni ezinokubangela ukuxhuzula, njengeheroin .
Izifundo zeCannabinoid
Endaweni yesityalo se-cannabis, uninzi lwezifundo ekubanjweni zijonge isiphumo sezinto ezimbini eziphambili ze-cannabinoids:
- I-Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), icandelo eliphambili lengqondo, elibangela ukuphakama kokhula
- I-Cannabidiol (i-CBD), engenampembelelo yokusebenza kwengqondo
Ngokokujonga kwakhona utywala, intsangu, kunye nokuhlutha yapapashwa ngo-2001 kwiphephancwadi Ukuxhuzula, Izifundo zezilwanyana ezijonga isiphumo se-THC kunye ne-CBD kwimisebenzi yokuthimba zibonisa iziphumo eziphikisanayo kwaye zixhomekeke kwimodeli yezilwanyana, i-cannabinoid, kunye nedosi esetyenzisiweyo:
- Olunye uvavanyo luchazwe kwi Neuropharmacology ndifumene idosi enye ye-THC eququzelele ukuxhuzula okuxhokonxwa ngombane kwimodeli yegundane.
- Kwi isifundo sokulandela , abaphandi abafanayo, bexela Neuropharmacology , ifumaneke ekuthintekeni kokubanjwa okwenziwe ngombane kunyuke xa idosi ye-THC inyuswe. Ukongeza, oku kuthinteleka kuqhubeke ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-196 emva kwedosi enye ye-THC.
- Isifundo sokuqala kwiimpuku ezipapashwe kwi Ingqondo yengqondo ifumene i-THC inciphise ukubanjwa .
- Kwi Imodeli yempuku yovavanyo lokuxhuzula ixelwe kwi Isathuthwane Ngo-2007, i-THC yachulumancisa ukugxila kwingqondo kwaye yabangela ukubanjwa okubonakalayo. I-CBD ayinayo le mpembelelo.
- I-CBD, njengoko iphononongelwe kwisifundo kwi Ijenali yeFarmacology kunye noNyango loNyango , kubonakala ngathi kunciphisa ukubanjwa kwaye kunemisebenzi yokulwa nokubanjwa kune-THC.
Izifundo ezincinci ebantwini zikwafumene i-THC inokubangela ukuxhuzula kwezinye iindlela zokuxhuzulwa njengelifa kodwa zikhuselwe kuninzi lokuxhuzula.
Isixhobo seMpembelelo ekubanjweni
Indlela yokwenza intsangu okanye i-cannabinoids enokuba yinto evuyisayo okanye yokunciphisa ukuxhuzula ayicacanga, ngokuka Isathuthwane uphononongo. Intsangu iinnabinoids zibophelela Ii-cannabinoid receptors kwingqondo nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Ezi receptors zezi isasazwa ngokubanzi kwingqondo , kubandakanya indawo ezilawula imisebenzi yokuthimba. Kungenzeka ukuba ukutshaya intsangu kubangela okanye kuthintele ukuxhuzula kuxhomekeke ekubeni zeziphi iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezibophelelayo, kwaye zeziphi ii-neurotransmitters ezenziwayo okanye ezingathintelwanga.
Umbhali woqwalaselo kwakhona kwi I-Biochemical Pharmacology icebisa ukuba ii-cannabinoids zinokuxhokonxa ukuxhuzula ngokuzibophelela kwii-receptors kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo ezigcina ii-neurotransmitters ezithintelayo, ezinje nge-gama-amino-butyric acid (GABA). Ukwehla kwe-GABA kuya kunciphisa ukuthintela iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezilawulayo, kukhokelela kulonwabo lwezo seli kunye nomsebenzi wokubanjwa. Kwelinye icala, ii-cannabinoids zinokuthintela ukuxhuzula ngokuzibophelela kwiiseli ezithintela ukhuseleko lwe-neurotransmitter ye-excitatory, i-glutamate.
Ukurhanelwa
Ubungqina obukhoyo ngoku bubonisa ukuba, phantsi kwezinye iimeko, ukutshaya intsangu kunokubangela ukuxhuzula okutsha okanye ukubacaphukisa ukuba unengxaki yokuthimba. Ukuba sesichengeni kunokuqhubeka ngexesha lokurhoxa kokhula. Umngcipheko wokubanjwa kwakho ungangaphezulu ukuba uhlala utshaya ukhula oluninzi, kodwa abanye abantu banokufumana umncinci. Xoxa ngokusebenzisa kwakho intsangu kunye nogqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki yempilo, enjengesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sokubanjwa, okanye usebenzisa ezinye izinto ezingekho mthethweni ezinokuthi zikwenze ube sesichengeni sokubanjwa.
