Kukho inani lezinto zemfuza ezichaphazela ukuba ngaba uzuze njengelifa iblug yakho enkulu okanye amehlo kabawo ashushu ansundu. Izazinzulu zisafumanisa imfuza echaphazela umbala wamehlo, kwaye imigaqo elula kunye nephindaphindayo onokuthi uyifunde kwisayensi yamabanga aphakamileyo ayichanekanga kwaphela. Konke okudingayo kukujonga kwimizobo yosapho lwakho ukubona ukuba umbala wamehlo luphawu olunokwahluka okungapheliyo. Ngaphezu, umbala wamehlo awuyongxaki esisigxina; ingatshintsha ebomini bakho bonke.
Imalunga neMelanin
Ngoku ka IZiko leHudsonAlpha leBiotechnology Umbala we-iris yakho uchazwe yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-melanin. Iliso lakho lineeseli ekuthiwa zii-melanocytes ezinamagumbi okugcina umbala, okanye ii-melanosomes. Ingakanani i-melanin egcinwe kwezi melanosomes yiyo egqiba umbala wamehlo akho. Uluhlu olunokubakho ngemibala alunasiphelo, kodwa ngokubanzi, ngakumbi i-melanin esweni, kumnyama ngakumbi.
| Ithoni | Umbala wamehlo | IiMelanocyte |
|---|---|---|
 UkuKhanya | Luhlaza, grey okanye violet abapapashi besamkela imibhalo-ngqangi engacelwanga yeencwadi zabantwana | Uxinzelelo oluphantsi |
 Phakathi | IHazel okanye eluhlaza | Uxinzelelo oluphakathi |
 Kumnyama | UBrown okanye umnyama | Uxinzelelo oluphezulu |
- Imizekelo yeempawu zoSapho (Ilifa kunye nokufunda)
- Imfuzo yaBantwana
- Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga kwiZinja eziNqamlezileyo
Ngaphezulu kweGene enye
Umbala wamehlo akho luphawu olizuze njengelifa kubazali bakho bobabini. Umzali ngamnye unikele ngesiqingatha se-chromosomes yakho, kwaye unxibelelwano lwamajoni kwezi chromosomes zezona ezimisela ukuba unamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omdaka, okanye omnye umthunzi.
utyikitya umfazi we-gemini uyakuthanda
Kwiminyaka emininzi, oososayensi babecinga ukuba umbala wamehlo ulawulwa luhlobo olunye oluchaza kanye ukuba ubuninzi be-melanin obunayo kwi-iris yakho; nangona kunjalo, ulwazi olukhulu ngemfuza yomntu luyayitshintsha indlela abantu abacinga ngayo ngolu phawu. Ngapha koko, ngokujonga uncwadi olupapashwe kwi Ijenali yeJenetiki yoLuntu , oososayensi ngoku bakholelwa ukuba ubuncinci i-16 yemfuza eyahlukileyo inegalelo kumbala we-iris, okanye umbala wamehlo. Phakathi kwezi 16 zemfuza, kukho abadlali abaphambili abambalwa abajongana nokwahluka kombala wamehlo.
OCA2
Uphando luka-2007 olupapashwe ngo Ijenali yaseMelika yezoLuntu ifumene uhlobo olubizwa ngokuba yi-OCA2 linoxanduva lweepesenti ezingama-74 zombala wamehlo abantu. Le geni ibekwe kwi-15 ye-chromosome, kwaye ilawula ukuba ingakanani i-melanin eveliswa kwiiseli zerisisi.
IHERC2
Olunye ufuzo, ngokukhawuleza ecaleni kwe-OCA2 kwi-15 ye-chromosome, yi-HERC2. I-HERC2 ichaphazela indlela echazwa ngayo i-OCA2, kwaye ingxelo eluhlaza yalolu hlobo ikhona phantse kuwo wonke umntu onamehlo aluhlaza. Ngaphezu koko, uphononongo luka-2008 olupapashwe kwi- Imfuzo yaBantu ifunyenwe ngokuqinisekileyo bonke abantu abanomboniso weHERC2 babelana ngokhokho omnye.
Isitabane
Uhlobo lwesithathu, olubizwa ngokuba yi-gey, luchaphazela i-OCA2 ngokudibeneyo ne-HERC2. UGey uza ngemibala emibini enokubakho: luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza. Luhlaza lubalasele ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuba unenguqulo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ye-HERC2 kunye nohlobo oluhlaza lwe-gey, uya kuba namehlo aluhlaza. Le theyibhile ilandelayo ibonisa indlela olu nxibelelwano lusebenza ngayo:
I-13 leminyaka ubudala imibono yeqela lentombazana
| Umbala wamehlo | HERC2 Umbala | Umbala weGey |
|---|---|---|
| ntsundu | ntsundu | Luhlaza okanye luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka |
| Luhlaza | Luhlaza | Luhlaza |
| Luhlaza | Luhlaza | Luhlaza |
Utshintsho lombala wamehlo
Wonke umntu ophethe umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa uyazi ukuba abantwana abaninzi bazalwa ngamehlo aluhlaza. Iintsana ezinesidima saseAsia okanye saseAfrika zihlala zinamehlo amdaka ngebala xa zizalwa kodwa xa zizalwa, iiseli emehlweni abantwana baseCaucasus azikaqali ukuvelisa i-melanin eyaneleyo ukubonelela ngombala. Kuwo nawuphi na ugqatso, kwiinyanga zokuqala ezimbalwa kunye neminyaka yobomi, amehlo anokutshintsha.
Yintoni abantu abaninzi abangayaziyo kukutshintsha kombala wamehlo kunokuqhubeka kubuntwana nasebudaleni. Uphononongo olupapashwe kwi JAMA Opthomology ifumanise ukuba uninzi lweepesenti ezili-10 ukuya kwiipesenti ezili-15 zabantu banokulufumana olu mbala uguqukayo wombala wamehlo. Olu phononongo lubonisa ukuba olu phawu luye lwazuzwa njengelifa, oko kuthetha ukuba amehlo kanyoko atshintshe umbala kubomi bakhe bonke, nelakho linakho.
uxelela njani ukuba mdala kangakanani umntwana womvundla
Ukuqikelela Umbala wamehlo
Ukuzibuza ukuba yeyiphi imibala yabantwana bakho okanye yabazukulwana bakho? Ngelishwa, nokuba unoluvo olucacileyo lweigalelo lemfuzo labazali bobabiningekhe ikunike uqikelelo olungenangqondo. Ngokophando olwenziwe ngo-2009 Ibhayoloji yangoku Kulula kakhulu ukuqikelela imibala esisiseko njengombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomdaka, kodwa kusenzima kakhulu ukuxelela imibala eluhlaza, i-hazel, kunye neminye imibala ephakathi.
Ukuba ufuna ukuthatha uqikelelo olufundileyo, ungazama i Uvavanyo lokujonga umbala ngombala ukusuka kwiMyuziyam yoBuchwephesha. Isebenzisa ulwazi olunika malunga nabazali bakho kunye nabantakwenu ukukunika ukhetho ngombala wamehlo abantwana bakho. Isenomda kumbala omdaka, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noluhlaza, kodwa inokukunika umbono wamathuba.
Inkqubela phambili kuvavanyo lwe-DNA ikwenze ukuba kwenzeke ukuba izazi zemfuzo ziqikelele umbala wamehlo xa ujonge i-DNA Ukuchaneka kwenqanaba lama-90 epesenti . Abaphandi baphonononga iinxalenye ezithile ze-DNA eyaziwa ukulawula umbala wamehlo kwaye baxele kwangaphambili umthunzi. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ayikasetyenziselwa ukuqikelela umbala wamehlo wosana kwaye isekwizigaba zokuqala zokusetyenziswa kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho.
Impembelelo kwiiGenealogists
Usenokuwukhumbula umbala wamehlo katatomkhulu wakho okanye oomawokhulu bakho, kodwa kunokuba nzima ukufanisa namehlo ombala uninzi lwokhokho bakho ababenalo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ungasebenzisa indibaniselwano yolwazi lofuzo kunye neerekhodi zembali ukuze ufumane umbono wokuba babekhangeleka njani ookhokho bakho. Iirekhodi zomkhosi, ezinje ngeMfazwe yeHlabathi yoku-bhala amakhadi obhaliso, ngamanye amaxesha zibandakanya umbala wamehlo womntu. Ukuba ufunda utatomkhulu wakho wayenamehlo aluhlaza, uyazi ukuba wayenofuzo lwe-HERC2 ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye wabelana ngokhokho oqhelekileyo phantse nabo bonke abanye abantu abanamehlo aluhlaza.
Inzima kwaye inomdla
Imfuza yemibala yamehlo inzima kwaye inomdla. Nangona ungeke ukwazi umthunzi ngqo wookhokho bakho okanye inzala yamehlo, ungasebenzisa ukuqonda kwakho ngalo mhlaba unomdla ukwenza uqikelelo olufundileyo malunga naba bantu.
