Ukurisayikilisha kubalulekilekwaye nelona nyathelo lincinci linokuba nezibonelelo ezibonakalayo kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ukuqonda okungcono kweenzuzo zokurisayikilisha kunokuqinisekisa ukuba iba yinxalenye yendalo nebalulekileyo yobomi bakho.
Ukurisayikilisha kwakhona kunciphisa inkunkuma
I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lwezeNdalo Ukuqhubela phambili uLawulo lweeMpahla eziZinzileyo: Iphepha lezinto lowama-2014 (Iphepha lokwenyani le-EPA) lichaza ukuba iitoni ezingama-258 zeenkunkuma eziqinileyo zikamasipala (i-MSW) zaveliswa ngaloo nyaka kuphela. Ukusuka kuloo mali, oku kulandelayo kwenzeke:
- I-34.6% (i-89 yezigidi zeetoni) yenkunkuma yafunyanwa, apho i-23 yezigidi zeetoni zenziwa umgquba kunye ne-66 yezigidi zeetoni zaphinda zaphinda zaphinda zasebenza (iphepha 4)
- Izigidi ezingama-33 zeetoni zatshiselwa ukuveliswa kwamandla (iphe. 4)
- I-136 yezigidi zeetoni (52%) iphele kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma (iphe. 4)
- Uyicutha njani iNgcaciso yeKhabhoni yakho
- Izenzo ezingama-50 ezithile zoBomi obuGcinileyo
- Iindlela Zokuthintela Ungcoliseko Lomoya
Ingxaki yokusingqongileyo yokulahla inkunkuma ngumbandela onzima ukulungisa. Njengokuba inkunkuma iphela kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma, ingxaki iba nkulu. Iimveliso ezingenakuboliswa ziintsholongwane okanye ezicothayo ukubola, njengeplastiki, zinokuhlala kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma kangangeenkulungwane, zihlala zikhupha iigesi ezinokuba yingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Uxwebhu lwenyani lwe-EPA (iphe. 7, umkhiwane. 8), ibonisa ukugcwaliswa komhlaba kugcwalisiwe yile nkunkuma ilandelayo, enokuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona:
- Ukutya 21%, elona candelo likhulu lokulahla inkunkuma
- I-14% yephepha kunye nebhodi ebhaliweyo
- I-10% yerabha, yesikhumba namalaphu
- I-18% yeplastiki
Ngeenzame ezandayo zokurisayikilisha, inkunkuma emiselwe ukugcwaliswa komhlaba inokucuthwa ngakumbi, ngokwenza njalo kuncitshiswe iingxaki kunye nokunceda okusingqongileyo.
Eyona ndlela yokucoceka idiski
Ulondolozo lweMithombo yeNdalo
Ukuveliswa kweemveliso kufuna imithombo engazani nzo zombini zomthi ohlaziyekayo, kunyeamafutha e-non-renewable fuelsokanye intsimbi. Inkqubo ye- Amaziko eSizwe eNkqubo yoLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo kwezeMpilo Iingxelo zokuba i-'94% yobutyebi bendalo obusetyenziswa ngabantu baseMelika ayinakuphinda ihlaziywe. ' Inani lezi zixhobo zinje nge-fuels fuels and ores ores ezinokumbiwa zilinganiselwe. Kwinqanaba langoku lokukhupha nokusetyenziswa, umhlaba uya kuthi ekugqibeleni uphelelwe zezi zinto zendalo zixabisekileyo. Ke kubalulekile ukuba abagcinele izizukulwana ezizayo. Xa iimveliso ezenziwe kwimithombo yendalo ezinje ngesinyithi okanye iplastikhi zilahliwe kwindawo zokulahla inkunkuma, zilahlekile ebantwini ngonaphakade.
Ugcino lwezixhobo zendalo
Ukurisayikilisha kuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kwezixhobo ezinqongopheleyo. Njengokuba, NgUkuOku.org Uluhlu loku kulondolozwa kwezixhobo zendalo ngokurisayikilisha itoni enye yento:
- Iphepha leofisi elisetyenzisiweyo: Igcina imithi engama-17, i-7,000 yeelitha zamanzi, iilitha ezingama-463 zeoyile, kunye neekyubhi ezintathu zeekiyubhi zendawo yokulahla inkunkuma '
- Iplastiki ehlaziyiweyo: Igcina ukuya kuthi ga kwimigqomo ye-16.3 yeoyile
- Isinyithi esenziwe ngokutsha: Kugcinwa i-1.8 yemiphanda yeoyile kunye neekyubhi ezine zeeyadi kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma
Izixhobo ezonakalisiweyo ezinokubakho kuKwenziwa ngokutsha kwezinto ebesezisetyenzisiwe
Inkqubo ye- IYunivesithi yeSouthern Indiana inikeza uluvo lwezixhobo ezilahliweyo minyaka le e-U.S. ezinokufunyanwa ngokulula ngokurisayikilisha.
- Ialuminiyam elahliweyo minyaka le yanele 'ukwakha iinqanawa zomoya zaseMelika amatyeli amane.'
- Ngokufanayo, i-1,200 yeepawundi zenkunkuma ephilayo eveliswe ngumndilili waseMelika zinokwenza umgquba.
Igcina amahlathi kunye nezinye iindawo zokuhlala
Amahlathi ayanqunyulwaukuvelisa umgubo wokwenza iphepha. Iphepha le-pulp lihlawula i-40% yokusetyenziswa kwemithi yehlabathi ngokwe INgxowa-mali yeHlabathi liphela yeNdalo . Kwiitropiki, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kwiphepha kutshabalalisa amahlathi angaphezulu kunokombiwa kwemigodi okanye kweoyile yesundu Umanyano lweeNzululwazi eziXhalabileyo . Ngaphandle kokunciphisa amanani emithi kunye neentlobo, izilwanyana ezinxulumene nazo ziyachaphazeleka njengoko iindawo zazo zokuhlala zitshatyalalisiwe.
Uninzi lwezinyithi ezixabisekileyo ezinjengegolide, ubhedu, idayimani kunye neentsimbi ziyatholakalaImimandla yamahlathi emvulaiingxelo Umongabay . Ngaphandle kokuphulukana namahlathi, amahlathi athotywa ngenxa yokwakhiwa kweendlela ezinamahlathi, kunye nokwakhiwa kweendawo zokuhlala okwethutyana. Ngapha koko, abaphambukeli banciphisa inani lezilwanyana ngokuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni.
Ngo-2007, a Iindaba zeNBC Ingxelo ibonakalise ukuba iinzame zokurisayikilisha e-China zikhokelele ekubanjweni kwamahlathi ngokubanzi kwihlabathi liphela, kubandakanya i-US ne-Yurophu. I-China ingenise iphepha lokungcola, kunye nefayibha evela kwimpahla yayo yenkunkuma kunye neempahla, zenza i-60% yemithombo yayo yempuphu. Ukugcina imithi kwenzeka nase-US xa iphepha liphinda lisetyenziswe kwakhona. 'Ukuba wonke umntu waseMelika unokuphinda asebenzise isinye kwishumi samaphephandaba, besingonga malunga nemithi engama-25,000,000 ngonyaka, itsho iYunivesithi yase-Southern Indiana.
Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwaMandla
Isixa esikhulu samandla siyafuneka ukuzeizinto zam zokwenza imveliso, uzicwangcise kwaye uzihambise kwihlabathi liphela. Uninzi lwala mandla lunokugcinwa ukuba iimveliso ezenziwe njengeplastikhi, isinyithi, okanye iphepha zahlulwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ziphinda zisetyenziswe, IZiko leMfundo laseMelika laseMelika (I-AGI) iyacacisa.
Inani lamandla agciniweyo lixhomekeke kwizinto abazicacisayo. Ke ukuphinda kusetyenziswe isinyithi kugcina amandla. Umzekelo, i-AGI ithi:
- Kuphela li-10-15% lamandla elifunekayo ukuphinda lisetyenziswe kwakhona iglasi xa kuthelekiswa nokuyivelisa kwasekuqaleni, njengoko ukuvelisa iglasi kufuna ubushushu namandla amaninzi.
- Kuzo zonke izinto ezenziwe, imveliso yealuminium yeyona inamandla. Nangona kunjalo ukuphinda kusetyenziswe i-aluminium kungagcina i-94% yala mandla.
- Ngokunjalo ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona ezinye izinyithi ezifana ne-beryllium, ilothe, isinyithi kunye nentsimbi, kunye ne-cadmium inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla nge-80%, 75%, 72%, kunye ne-50% ngokwahlukeneyo, xa kuthelekiswa nemveliso entsha.
Ngo-2014, i-34.6% ye-MSW eyaphinda yasebenza yagcina amandla aneleyo 'ukubonelela ngombane kumakhaya angama-30 ezigidi,' ngokwe-AGI. Inkqubo ye- Iwijethi ye-EPA iwarm inokusetyenziswa ngabantu ngabanye ukuba bafunde amandla angakanani abanokugcina ngokubuyisela inkunkuma eyahlukeneyo yasekhaya.
Nciphisa Ungcoliseko
Ukurisayikilisha ngokutsha kunciphisa ungcoliseko ngeendlela ezimbini: ngokunciphisa ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha, ukungcola nokulahla inkunkuma, nokuphepha ukutshisa.
Inkqubo yokuThengisa
Kukho ukonakaliswa kwendalo ngenxa yemigodi ekrwada okanye ukugawulwa kwemithi. Oku kulandelwa yinkqubo yokuvelisa. Uninzi lwezinto ezingcolisayo ezifana neeradionuclides, uthuli, isinyithi, ibrine, njl njl., Ziphume zingcolise umhlaba namanzi angqongileyo ngexesha lezemigodi, ngokwe IZiko leTekhnoloji laseMassachusetts . Le mithombo yomoya, umhlaba kunye nongcoliseko lwamanzi inokuthintelwa ngokurisayikilisha.
Umzekelo:
- Ukurisayikilisha iibhotile zeplastiki inokugcina ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-60 zamandla asetyenzisiweyo ukwenza ngaphezulu.
- Isinyithi esivela kwimithombo ebuyiselweyo kunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya nge-85% kunye nokusika i-76% yongcoliseko lwamanzi.
Ulawulo lweNkunkuma olungafanelekanga
Ngenxa yokubola kunye neepropathi zenkunkuma eyahlukeneyo, kukho iigesi kunye nokukhutshwa okuvelisiweyo xa inkunkuma ishiywe ingalandwanga njengenkunkuma okanye kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma. Ezi zinokubalekela kwindalo esingqongileyo kwayeungcolisa umoya, umhlaba ojikelezileyo, okanye imithombo yamanzi ekhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo ebantwini, kunye nomonakalo kwizityalo ngokokuphononongwa kwesayensi ukusukela ngo-1997 Ijenali yoLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo , kwaye ezi ngxaki zisengumcimbi nanamhlanje.
Izinto ezingcolisayo zibaleka zingene emilanjeni zize zingene emanzini angaphantsi komhlaba. Izikhukula zibangelwa kukudibana kwenkunkuma, kwaye umoya ojikeleze umhlaba ungabekwa yityhefu kukukhutshwa kwetyhefu kumgqomo ukusukela ngo-2016 Los Angeles Times ingxelo .
Kuphephe ukutshisa
Inkqubo ye- Amaxesha Ingxelo ithi ukutshiswa kwenkunkuma ayisosisombululo sokurisayikilisha. Ungcolisa umoya namanzi. Ngaphandle kwendalo esingqongileyo, impilo yoluntu kunye nokhuseleko ziyachaphazeleka, zibeka uxanduva lwemali ebantwini nakwintlalo, njengoko ukutshisa kukonyusa umngcipheko wosulelo olukhulu lokuphefumla okanye urhudo ngamatyeli amathandathu. Ngokwamaphepha e-EPA, i-12% ye-MWS itshisiwe ngo-2014 e-U.S.
Iyanciphisa ukufudumala kwehlabathi
Ukurisayikilisha kunceda ukunciphisa utshintsho lwemozulu. Inkqubo ye- I-EPA icacisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-42 zegesi yegesi eluhlaza (i-GHG) yaseMelika ivela ngenxa yemveliso, ukuqhubekeka, ukuthuthwa, kunye nokulahlwa kwezinto kubandakanya ukutya. Ezi nkqubo zixhaswa kukusetyenziswa kwezibaso, enye yezona zinto ziphambili ezikhutshwayo e-US Ngo-2014, i-MSW eyaphinda yavuselelwa okanye eyenziwe ngomgquba yanciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-GHG nge-181 yezigidi zeetoni, ichaza iphepha le-EPA.
Ukunciphisa nakweliphi na inqanaba lobomi bemveliso yindlela yokurisayikilisha kunceda ngayo okusingqongileyo, kubandakanya umlo nxamnye nokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Iimpembelelo Ezintle Zokusingqongileyo Zidlula Kwiindleko Ezinokubakho
Iindleko eziphezulu ezibandakanyekayo ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona zenza abanye abantu bangathandabuzi malunga nezibonelelo ezinxulumene noko. Nangona kunjalo Inzululwazi yaseMelika uyacacisa, oku kunento yokwenza neengxaki ezinxulunyaniswa nocalulo olungasebenziyo, kunokuba ziphinde zisetyenziswe kwakhona. Le ngxaki ivele ngenxa yokwaziswa kwemigqomo emikhulu yokuqokelela apho abasebenzisi belahla inkunkuma eyahlukeneyo kunye, ekhokelela kwiindleko ezingaphezulu ekuhleleni okanye ekungcoleni inkunkuma.
Yenza wonke umntu abandakanyeke
Malunga ne-1.3 yezigidi zeetoni zenkunkuma ziveliswa kwihlabathi liphela ngonyaka zibonisa ILos Angeles Times ingxelo. Ukwenza ntsha kwakhona yenye yeendlela ezininzi zokunceda okusingqongileyo ngokunciphisa umthwalo wenkunkuma ekuyo. Inyathelo ngalinye libalulekile kwaye elinye kukunceda nasekuxhaseni okusingqongileyo. Ukubandakanyeka komntu wonke kuyafuneka, ukusuka ebantwaneni ukuya kubantu abadala, ukunceda ukuvelisa imeko-bume engcono kwizizukulwana ezininzi ezizayo.
