Nokuba umntwana ufunda kwisikolo sabantwana abasaqalayo okanye ufunda kakhulu, ingxaki yokufumana ingxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo (ADHD) inokubonisa imiceli mngeni ebalulekileyo ekhaya nasezikolweni. Uphando lwamva nje lubonisa ukuba iitshathi zokuziphatha zibonelela ngesixhobo esikhulu sabantwana, abazali, kunye nootitshala abalawula iimpawu ze-ADHD. Ezi tshathi zokuziphatha zinokuprintwa simahla zabantwana zenzelwe ngokukodwa ukujolisa kwiinjongo ezifanelekileyo zobudala zabafundi abane-ADHD.
Ileta yokubhala ixesha kwimizekelo yomntwana
Itshathi yokuziPhatha yaBantwana yaBafunda kwisikolo esine-ADHD
Phrinta le tshathi yokuziphatha kwabantwana abasaqala isikolo.
Kubantwana abaninzi abane-ADHD, isikolo sokuqala sinika eyokuqalaithuba lokuchongwa. Ngokwe-WebMD, ukuqala kweendlela zesikolo, njengexesha lesangqa,ukufunda amabali, kunye neeprojekthi zobugcisa, ngamanye amaxesha zibonisa umohluko wokufunda kunye nemiceli mngeni abajamelana nayo abantwana abane-ADHD. Ukongeza, ukuhlangana koontanga kunye neemfuno ezinkulu zentlalo kunokwenza kube nzima ngakumbi ebantwaneni ukulawula ukuqhuma okungxamisekileyo.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo
- Iindlela eziqinisekileyo zoMzali
- Iingcebiso ezili-10 ezilula zokuba ngumzali
- Iingcamango zeKhekhe zokuzalwa zabantwana ezilula
Ukuba ufuna uncedo lokukhuphela itemplate yetshathi eprintiweyo yokuziphatha, jonga eziiingcebiso eziluncedo.
Ukuyigcina ilula
Iitshathi zinokuba yindlela elungileyo yokukhuthaza indlela efanelekileyo yokuziphatha ekhaya nakumagumbi okufundela, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ungabongameli abantwana abancinci ngeenjongo ezininzi. Oku kuyaprintwaitshathi yokuziphatha yabantwana abasaqala isikolokubandakanya kuphela iindlela ezintathu zokuziphatha ezinqwenelekayo:
- 'Ndadlala buthule okanye ndamamela ibali.'
- 'Ndawulawula umsindo wam.'
- 'Ndenze umsebenzi omhle ngokumamela.'
Uyisebenzisa njani itshathi ye-ADHD
Landela la manyathelo ukuze usebenzise itshathi eprintwayo yasimahla kwigumbi lokufundela lasekhaya okanye ekhaya:
- Printa itshathi ngombala. Imifanekiso iya kumnceda umntwana ukuba agxile.
- Ilebheli ecacileyoumvuzo womntwana. Inokukunceda ukubandakanya umfanekiso womvuzo. Qiniseka ukuba useta iinjongo zenani lezincamathelisi ezifunekayo ukuze ufumane umvuzo.
- Ngosuku ngalunye lweveki, nika umntwana isincamathelisi ukuba ubonakalisile indlela yokuziphatha ayifunayo. Nika indumiso ngomlomo.
- Ekupheleni kweveki, jonga ukuba umntwana ufumene inani elifanelekileyo lezincamathelisi. Ukuba umntwana ufumene izincamathelisi ezaneleyo, thaca injongo.
Iitshathi zokuZiprinta zaSimahla zaBafundi abaQalayo abane-ADHD
Phrinta le tshathi yokuziphatha esikolweni.
Xa abantwana abane-ADHD bekwisikolo samabanga aphantsi, banokubonisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zeIimpawu ze-ADHD, kubandakanya ubunzima bokuzimasa nokumamela, ukusoloko ulahlekelwa zizinto, ubunzima bokuhlala phantsi okanye ukungazidubi, ukuthetha ngokugqithileyo kunye nokuphazamisa abanye abantu, ubunzima bokugqiba imisebenzi, kunye neengxaki zokulawula iimpembelelo.
Ukujongana neenkxalabo ezinkulu
Kuba abantwana abakwiminyaka yamabanga aphantsi bafunda ukufunda nokuqonda iikhonsepthi zenqanaba eliphezulu, kungcono ukugcina iitshathi zokuziphatha zilula. Le tshathi yokuziphatha inokuprintwa yabafundi abakumabanga aphantsi abane-ADHD ineenjongo ezintlanu, nganye nganye ibhangqwe ngomfanekiso wabangengabo abafundi:
ndingamthumela phi umntwana wam ngaphandle kolawulo
- 'Ndiwugqibile umsebenzi wam wesikolo.'
- 'Ndilinde elam ixesha lokuba ndithethe.'
- 'Ndawulawula umsindo wam.'
- 'Bendihleli esihlalweni ngexesha lesikolo.'
- 'Ndiyigqibe imisebenzi yam ngexesha.'
Uyisebenzisa njani itshati
Iitshathi zokuziphatha kulula ukuzisebenzisa. Landela la manyathelo alula:
- Phrinta ishati yamahhala usebenzisa umshicileli wombala.
- Xoxa ngomvuzo kunye nomntwana, kwaye ubhale phantsi kwinto engenanto oyinikiweyo. Qhoboshela ifoto okanye umzobo womvuzo kubantu abangafundanga.
- Chaza ngokucacileyo ukuba zingaphi na izitikha umntwana aya kuzidinga ukufikelela usukelo lwakhe.
- Mvuze umntwana ngesitikha ukuba ubonakalisile isimilo esifunekayo ngosuku olunikiweyo.
- Bala izincamathelisi kunye ekupheleni kweveki. Ukuba umntwana unezincamathelisi ezaneleyo, ufumana umvuzo. Ukuba akunjalo, xoxani ngokuba isimilo kufuneka sitshintshe njani.
Iitshathi zokuziphatha ze-ADHD zaBafundi abaPhakathi nabaPhakamileyo
Phrinta le tshathi yokuziphatha kwabakwishumi elivisayo.
Inkqubo ye- I-American Academy yoMntwana kunye ne-Adolescent Psychiatry Iingxelo zokuba abanye abantwana ababekhe bafunyaniswa ukuba bane-ADHD abanakuphinda babe khonakufuna unyangongokufikisa emva kwexesha okanye ebudaleni. Ukuba abakagqibi nokuchongwa, olu lutsha lunokubonisa iimpawu zokungalungelelaniswa, ukungakhathalelwa, ukungxamiseka, kunye nomsebenzi ongaphezulu. Ukongeza, abanye abafundi bezikolo eziphakathi neziphakamileyo abane-ADHD bayasokola kulawulo lobushushu babo kunye nokuziphatha ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Ukukhulisa Ukulindela
Kule minyaka, abantwana banakho ukucinga okungakumbi kunokuba kunjalo kumanqanaba ebakala langaphambili, ke iitshathi akusafuneki zibandakanye imifanekiso. Ukongeza, aba bantwana sele besondele ebudaleni kwaye bafunda ukujongana nolindelo olukhulu ngokubhekisele kwindlela abaziphethe ngayo.
Le tshati yokuziphatha inokuprintwa ibandakanya ezi njongo zilandelayo:
- 'Ndilandele imiyalelo namhlanje.'
- 'Ndandihlelekile.'
- 'Ndiwugqibile umsebenzi wam wesikolo.'
- 'Ndiphakamise isandla sam ukuba ndithethe eklasini.'
- 'Ndifike eklasini kwangexesha.'
- 'Ndawulawula umsindo wam.'
- 'Ndiyigqibile imisebenzi yam yasekhaya.'
Uyisebenzisa njani itshati
Sebenzisa itshathi yokuziphatha okwishumi elivisayo osokola ne-ADHD kufuna ukungqinelana kunye nokulandela. Sebenzisa la manyathelo ukufumana impumelelo:
- Phrinta itshathi yasimahla. Uya kudinga itshathi enye veki nganye.
- Xoxa ngomvuzo kulutsha, kwaye ulubhale kwinto engenanto oyinikiweyo.
- Nxibelelana ngokucacileyo ukuba mangaphi amanqaku okutshekishwa ngumfundi aya kufuna ukufikelela kwinjongo yakhe.
- Ekupheleni kosuku ngalunye, hlala phantsi kunye nomfundi kwaye uvavanye ukuba ngaba wazifezekisa iinjongo. Ukuba umntwana udibana neenjongo, faka uphawu lokutshekisha okanye isitikha ebhokisini.
- Bala izitikha okanye ujonge amanqaku ekupheleni kweveki. Ukuba ulutsha lunezincamathelisi ezaneleyo, lufumana umvuzo. Ukuba akunjalo, xoxani ngokuba isimilo kufuneka sitshintshe njani kwiveki elandelayo.
Izinto ezifanele zigcinwe engqondweni
Xa usebenzisa iitshathi zokuziphatha kunye nabantwana abane-ADHD, gcina ezi ngcebiso zilandelayo engqondweni:
- Yigcine ilula. Itshathi enamagama kakhulu kunokuba nzima ukuba umntwana wakho ayilandele.
- Thatha isigqibo ngomvuzo. Khetha umvuzo okhuthazayo.
- Gcina iqinisekile. Kwimpumelelo enkulu, iinjongo ezikwitshathi yokuziphatha kufuneka zenziwe ngendlela efanelekileyo. Hlala kude kumagama anje ngo 'hayi' okanye 'hayi.'
- Yiba ngokungaguquguqukiyo. Ukungqinelani sisitshixo sempumelelo yokusebenzisa iitshathi zokuziphatha. Ukuba ulindele ukuba umntwana alandele, kufuneka ulandele ngokunjalo.
- Lindela ukubuyela umva. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba umntwana wakho unokukuvavanya xa uqala ukusebenzisa iitshathi zokuziphatha. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo oluqinisekileyo lwezi tshathi luza kuphumelela kungekudala.
- Yigcine kufanelekile ngokweminyaka. Qinisekisa ukuba ulindelo lwakho lusengqiqweni kwaye usebenzisa itshathi efanelekileyo kwinqanaba lokukhula komntwana.
Iitshathi ziyasebenza
Uphando lubonisa ukuba iitshathi zokuziphatha zinokuba yenye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokuphatha ezinye zeendlela zokuziphatha eziphazamisayo okanye ezingenamveliso ezinxulunyaniswa ne-ADHD. Amanqaku kunye nezifundo zamva nje zabonisa ukuba iitshathi zokuziphatha ziyasebenza ekwandiseni ixesha lokujonga kwabantwana kunye nokunciphisa indlela yokuziphatha ephazamisayo:
- Uphononongo olupapashwe ngu Umbutho woHlalutyo lokuZiphatha kwiHlabathi liphela kuvavanye ukusebenza kweetshathi zokuziphatha kulawulo lomsebenzi ophazamisayo kubantwana be-ADHD kumagumbi okufundela amane. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba iitshathi zibonelela ngokuphucuka okubonakalayo kwiindlela zokuguqula indlela yokuziphatha ngokwesiko.
- Ngokophando olupapashwe kwi- Ijenali yoHlolo lokuSebenza okuSetyenzisiweyo , iitshathi zokuziphatha zinokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo ixesha elinokuthi umntwana aqwalasele imeko yaseklasini.
Ngenxa yokuba ezi tshathi zigxile kokulungileyo kwaye kufanelekile ngokweminyaka, abantwana baziva bephumelele kwaye bekhuthazekile. Ngaphezu koko, ukulawula indlela yokuziphatha enzima kunceda abafundi be-ADHD ukuba baphucule ubudlelwane bezentlalo kunye nosapho, kunye nokusebenza kwezifundo.
utyikitye inja ibenesifo
