Iimpompo ezinje ngezi zingasebenzisa ilitha yamanzi rhoqo kwimizuzwana engama-20.
Nokuba usenza izigqibo ezilula malunga nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwamanzi ngumntu wonke. Ngokwe- Uphando lweGeological yaseU.S (I-USGS) yeSebe laseMelika laseMelika, umndilili waseMelika usebenzisa ama-80 ukuya kwi-100 leelitha zamanzi mihla le. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okuphezulu komntu ngamnye kubiza kakhulu kumntu nakwinqanaba loluntu. Ngokwe- I-Arhente yokuKhusela iNdalo (EPA), iindleko zamanzi zingadlula kwi- $ 1,100 yeedola ngonyaka kwikhaya eliqhelekileyo laseMelika. Ngethamsanqa, zonke izigqibo zokonga amanzi zinokunciphisa kwangoko ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngumntu ziigaloni ezininzi.
Oomatshini bokuhlamba iimpahla
Oomatshini bokuhlamba iimpahla basebenzisa isixa esikhulu samanzi. Ngokwe- Izikhokelo zeNzululwazi yoLuntu epapashwe yiFranklin Institute Science Museum, umjikelo womatshini wokuhlamba oqhelekileyo ufuna phakathi kweelitha ezingama-40 ukuya kwezingama-55 zamanzi. Abantu banokugcina iilitha ezingama-30 kumjikelo ngamnye ngokukhetha umatshini wokuhlamba amanzi osebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Amakhaya nawo anokugcina amanzi ngokutshintsha indlela abahlamba ngayo. Ukwenza inani elincinci lemithwalo emikhulu yokuhlamba iimpahla ngenyanga kunokonga amanzi ngakumbi kunokwenza inani elikhulu lemithwalo emincinci ngenyanga.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo
- Isebenzisa Amandla Mangakanani Indlu?
- Wenza malini umndilili waseMelika?
- Ungakwenza njani ukuGcina ukutya kungxamiseko
Ukuhlamba izitya
Inkqubo ngqo yokuhlamba izitya ingawenza wonke umahluko ngokwendlela yokusebenza kwamanzi. Ukuqhuba ngokuqhubekayo itepu ngelixa uhlamba izitya kudla isixa esikhulu samanzi, kuba iipompo ezindala zihlala zisebenzisa iilitha ezintathu zamanzi rhoqo ngomzuzu, ngokwe Izikhokelo zeNzululwazi yoLuntu . Ngokusekwe kubalo lwe-USGS, izitya zokuhlambela izitya zingadla iilitha ezili-10 zamanzi ngexesha lomjikelo opheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, izibalo ze-USGS zikwatsho ukuba ukuhlamba izitya usebenzisa nokuba yeyiphi na entsha, esebenza kakuhle ngakumbi umpompo wasekhitshini usebenzisa iilitha eziyi-2.2 zamanzi ngomzuzu ngamnye wokuhlamba.
Ngoku ka Izikhokelo zeNzululwazi yoLuntu Ukuhlamba izitya ngesandla kangangemizuzu emihlanu kuphela kunokusebenzisa iilitha ezili-11 ukuya kwezili-15 zamanzi (kuxhomekeke kubudala bethumbu), nto leyo eyenza ukuba inkqubo ingabi nampumelelo ingako kunokufaka isitya sokuhlamba izitya ngokupheleleyo. Ngelixa abanye abantu benokukwazi ukuhlamba ngokupheleleyo umthwalo opheleleyo wezitya kwisithuba esingaphantsi kwemizuzu emihlanu, uninzi lwabantu luya kugcina amanzi ngakumbi ngokusebenzisa izitya zokuhlamba izitya.
Ukunkcenkceshela ngaphandle
Inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela ngaphandle ingakhokelela kwinkcitho yamanzi phakathi kweelitha ezintlanu ukuya kwezili-10 ngomzuzu, ngokwe-USGS. Abantu abanengca enkulu banokusebenzisa nangaphezulu. Ukunkcenkceshela ingca ngenkcenkceshelo kunokonga amanzi ngakumbi kwaye kuyanceda ukukhusela ingca ekubeni izaliswe ngamanzi.
Imikhwa yoKhathalelo lobuqu
Abantu abanakho ukusebenzisa amanzi amaninzi kunye nemikhwa yokhathalelo lobuqu njengoko besenza ngemikhwa enjengokunkcenkceshela ingca yabo, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kusaqhubeka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokutsho kwe-USGS, iifompo zangasese zifuna phakathi kweelitha ezimbini zamanzi ngomzuzu, kuxhomekeke ekubeni itepu intsha okanye indala.
Ukusetyenziswa kwabantu ngokuchanekileyo ngexesha lokhathalelo lomntu kuya kwahluka ngokuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuhlamba, ukucheba, okanye ukuxukuxa amazinyo. Abantu abathatha umzuzu ukugqibezela umsebenzi ngamnye, becinga ukuba basebenzisa itompu entsha, baya kudla iilitha ezintathu zamanzi. Ngokufanelekileyo, abantu kufuneka bawagcine amanzi ngexesha lokuxubha kwamazinyo kwaye bavule kuphela amanzi ukuze ahlambe ekugqibeleni. Abantu banokufuna ukubuyisela izinto ezindala zokupompoza ngezinto ezintsha ukuba banesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba basebenza ngeempompo ezindala, ezingasebenzi kakuhle.
Iishawari kunye neebhafu zithelekiswa
Ukusebenza kakuhle kweeshawari kuxhomekeke kubude beshawari ekuthethwa ngayo, kunye nokuhamba kwentloko yeshawari. Ngeebhafu, zihlala zixhomekeke kwinqanaba lokugcwalisa ibhafu. Iishawari kunye neebhafu zinokusebenza ngokutyibilikayo ngamanzi okanye zingasebenzi kakuhle. Iibhafu zinenzuzo ngaphezulu kweeshawari, njengoko zinokubakho ukusikelwa umda ngokoqobo kumanzi angasetyenziselwa ibhafu enye. Iishawari ziphela ngokuvulekileyo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi.
Yenza i-geminis kunye ne-leos ziyavana
- I-USGS iphakamisa ukuba iimodeli ezindala zentloko yeshawari zinokuthi zisebenzise iilitha ezintlanu umzuzu ngamnye, kwaye Izikhokelo zeNzululwazi yoLuntu beka inani lisondele kwiilitha ezisixhenxe ngomzuzu.
- Iishawari zemizuzu elishumi zisebenzisa ezi modeli ziya kudla phakathi kwe-50 kunye ne-70 yeelitha zamanzi.
- I-USGS ibonisa ukuba uninzi lwentloko entsha, esebenzayo ngakumbi yentloko inokusebenzisa iilitha ezingama-20 zamanzi kwisitya semizuzu elishumi.
- Ukuhlamba ngeentloko zeshawari ezifanelekileyo kukungqonge okusingqongileyo kunokuba uhlambe ngeebhafu ezipheleleyo, kodwa nditsho neendawo zokuhlambela ezikhethisayo ukuhlamba ezona zininzi iintloko zeshawari ezindala.
- Izikhokelo zeNzululwazi yoLuntu qikelela ukuba iibhafu ezineebhafu ezipheleleyo ziya kufuna phakathi kwe-28 kunye ne-36 yeelitha zamanzi, ngokuchasene ne-14 ukuya kwi-18 yeelitha zebhafu esele ishiye isiqingatha-esingenanto, ihlala ixhomekeke kubungakanani betbhu.
- Ukuthatha isigqibo phakathi kwemifutshane, imvula encinci okanye iibhafu ezingekho nzulu ikakhulu ngumbandela wokhetho lwakho.
Ukusetyenziswa kwaManzi ngeFlashi
Ngokwenkcitho yamanzi asekhaya, indlu yangasese yeyona nto ineendleko eziphezulu. Ngokwe- I-EPA , kuqikelelwa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-26.7 zosetyenziso lwamanzi zokuhlala ziya kwindlu yangasese. Indlu yangasese nganye egungxulwayo nendlu yangasese endala ithatha iilitha zamanzi ezintandathu, xa ithelekiswa ne-1.6 yeelitha zisebenzisa indlu yangasese entsha, eyonga amanzi, ngokusekelwe kubalo Izikhokelo zeNzululwazi yoLuntu . Ngelixa abantu kunganyanzelekanga ukuba banciphise ukugungxula ngokupheleleyo, njengoko kunjalo kwiindawo ezithwaxwa yimbalela, izindlu zangasese akufuneki zisetyenziselwe ukulahla nantoni na eyenye. Abantu banokuphinda basebenzise kwakhona izindlu zabo zangasese ezindala, ezingasebenzisi manzi xa bephucula amakhaya abo ukulungiselela ukwanda kokusebenza kwamanzi. Nabani na onendlu yangasese ebuyayo ngaphambi ko-1994 unokufuna uhlaziyo .
Ukwenza umkhwa wokonga amanzi
Ubungakanani bamanzi abantu abawasebenzisayo mihla le banokusothusa ekuboneni, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kulawulo lomntu wonke. Umahluko phakathi kwezixhobo zokonga amanzi kunye nezixhobo ezisemgangathweni uyabetha. Ukuthenga izixhobo ezonga amanzi kunokunceda wonke umntu agcine amanzi ngokukhawuleza. Ukonga amanzi kungangumkhwa ongabonakaliyo emva kokuba amakhaya ethengile okokuqala izixhobo zokonga amanzi.
