Njengolunye lweempawu eziphambili zaseMelika, iGolden Gate Bridge yayiyeyona nto ibalulekileyo yobunjineli ngexesha layo. Namhlanje, zivela kwihlabathi liphela, iindwendwe zigxalathelana ukuya eSan Francisco ukuhamba ibhulorho yokumisa ephantse ibe zii-9,000 kwaye ime phezulu ngaphezulu apho uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki luhlangana khona neSan Francisco Bay.
Imbali yeBhulorho yeSango legolide
Ngaphandle koxinzelelo olukhulu, iifemu zobunjineli zebhulorho phesheya kwe-US zingenisiwe Izindululo ezili-11 zokugqibela ezahlukileyo ngo-1930 kule projekthi yemisebenzi yoluntu. Kwinjineli eyiNtloko uJoseph B. Strauss, uyilo lokuphumelela kwakhe yayiluphuculo oluncomekayo ' isicupho sempuku esijonge phantsi yafakwa kuqala ngo-1921.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo- Izinto ezigqibeleleyo zokwenza eSan Francisco
- Kutheni ibizwa ngokuba yiBhulorho yeSango legolide
- Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo e San Francisco
Inkxaso mali ivela ikakhulu kwi- umba weebond yamkelwe yivoti ethandwayo. Imikhosi yokubhiyozela kunye nemisebenzi yomlilo ibonakalise umsitho emva kokuba abemi bendawo kumakhaya amathandathu bexhase kakhulu iprojekthi yokwakha eyi- $ 35 yezigidi ngokuvuma ukubeka amakhaya, iifama kunye namashishini njengesibambiso.
Ngomhla we-27 kaMeyi, ngo-1937, kuqikelelwa Abantu abangama-200,000 uhlawule ikota nganye ukuwela ibhulorho ngeenyawo. Ngomso olandelayo, uMongameli uFranklin D. Roosevelt wavula ibhulorho ukuya kwiimoto ngophawu lwefowuni oluvela kwi-White House.
Elona xesha lide lokumiswa kwebhulorho
Ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwayo phakathi kwiminyaka ye-1930, i-Golden Gate Bridge ye-1.7-yeekhilomitha ubude yayenza yeyona bhulorho inde yokumiswa emhlabeni. Isigcinile esi sikhundla phantse iminyaka engama-25 de iVerrazano Narrows Bridge yaseNew York yavulwa ngo-1964. Nanamhlanje, le ndawo inembali yaseSan Francisco ibambe indawo yayo njengeyesibini ibhulorho yokunqunyanyiswa kwezona zizwe zinde, nesikhumbuzo sesibindi nomoya wobuntu.
Yonke intsimbi yaseMelika
Ibhulorho yakhiwe ngokupheleleyo Isinyithi esenziwe eMelika kwizityalo zasePennsylvania, eNew Jersey naseMaldin. Ukuthunyelwa ngononophelo kwexesha lokuhanjiswa kwamacandelo esinyithi ngololiwe ovela ePhiladelphia kwahanjiswa ngenqanawa ngePanama Canal.
Ungenakwenzeka Feat
IGolden Gate Bridge yabizwa ngokuba 'yibhulorho engenakwakhiwa' kuba kwakubonakala ngathi ayinakwenzeka. Imayile ebanzi Isango leGolide leSango Ukuhamba kwamaza anamandla kunye nemisinga emanzini ngaphezulu kweenyawo ezingama-300 kumbindi wejelo. Umoya ovuthuzayo kunye nenkungu eshinyeneyo zenza ingxaki ibe nzima ngakumbi.
Ngaphandle kweziphene, injineli uJoseph Strauss wabizwa ukuba akhokele le projekthi. Ulwakhiwo luqale ngasekupheleni kowe-1932 kwaye ngokugqitywa kwalo ngoMeyi 1937, kwaxabisa iirandi ezingama-35 ezigidi. Ngokwe- Ithala leencwadi leCNN , Ibhulorho yesitayile esimangalisayo se-Art Deco sagqitywa ngaphambi kweshedyuli ye- $ 1.3 yezigidi phantsi kohlahlo-lwabiwo mali.
Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba ukwakhiwa kwebhulorho, okuya kuthi Ixabise i-1.5 yezigidigidi zeedola kwiidola zanamhlanje , isenokungabi nakwenzeka namhlanje.
Amanyathelo okhuseleko angazange abonwe
Ukwakhiwa kwebhulorho yeGolden Gate kuxabise ubomi be-11, kuthathelwa ingqalelo irekhodi ukufezekisa ukhuseleko . Njengendlela yokulumkisa entsha, umnatha omkhulu wokhuseleko wafakwa phantsi kwebhulorho ngexesha lokwakha ukubamba abasebenzi abaphulukene neenyawo zabo. Ezilishumi kwezi-11 zokufa kwabantu zenzeke kwingozi enye xa iqonga lomsebenzi liwela kumnatha wokhuseleko. Umnatha usindise ubomi bamadoda ali-19 , emva koko yaziwa njengamalungu e-'Halfway to Hell Club. '
Ngomoya we ukhuseleko kuqala , UStrauss wanyanzelisa ukuba abasebenzi bebhulorho banxibe iminqwazi enzima yokwakha, eguqulwe kuyilo olusetyenziswa ngabavukuzi. Olunye ulwenziwo lokhuselo lubandakanya iiglogs ezingakhanyisiyo, ukuthambisa ilanga kunye nokhilimu wokukhusela umoya, isixhobo sokuphefumla ngesanti, kunye nokutya okukhethekileyo ukulwa nesiyezi.
ukugqiba njani incwadi yeshishini
Utyikityo Jonga kwi-Orenji yaMazwe ngaMazwe
Nokuba ugutyungelwe yinkungu okanye ume ngaphandle ngokuchasene nesibhakabhaka esikhanyayo ngasentla kunye namanzi ngezantsi, ibhulorho umbala wotyikityo yayiyingozi. Ubomvu-orenji babuthetha kuphela njengengubo yokuqala. Ngwevu, mnyama, okanye isilivere yayizizinto ezazisenziwa ngokwesiko kwiibhulorho ezinkulu. Xa umcebisi wezakhiwo u-Irving Morrow efumana iileta zenkxaso ezivela kubahlali, i-vermilion yokutshatisa i-primer yaphumelela njengombala wokhetho, ngoku owaziwa ngokuba yi-International Orange.
Isango eliya eMantla California
Ngaphambi kuka-1937 xa iBhulorho yeGolden yeSango kunye neSan Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge yavula ukugcwala kweemoto, ekuphela kwento yokuhamba ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka eSan Francisco ukuya eMarin County yayihamba ngesikhephe. IGolden Gate Bridge imele ukuvela kwexesha elitsha kubahlali be-Bay Area, isenza kube lula ukuhamba ngasenyakatho unyuse unxweme usuka eSan Francisco.
Ukhuthazwe liSango legolide
Kwikomkhulu lePortugal, i Fumana ngo-Epreli 25 Ukumiswa kwebhulorho egqityiweyo ngo-1966 kukubonakala ngokukhangeleka kweLisbon kweGolden Gate Bridge, kanye ukuya kumbala wayo. Iingonyama Bridge Bridge , Ibhulorho yokumiswa ebonakalayo edolophini yaseVancouver eBritish Columbia, ifana kakhulu nomzala wayo waseSan Francisco wexesha elifanayo le-1930s.
Ummangaliso wobunjineli banamhlanje
IGolden yeSango leGolide ime uvavanyo lwexesha kunye nemozulu. Ngo-1989, yabambelela ngokuqinileyo kwinyikima yaseLoma Pieta. Olu phawu lomhlaba lubalasele ngokutyikitywa iOrange yaMazwe ngaMazwe kucingelwa ukuba yeyona ibhulorho ifotwe kakhulu emhlabeni. Umbutho waseMelika weeNjineli zoLuntu ogama linguGold Gate yeSango ukuya Izikhumbuzo zeMillennium njengenye yezinto ezili-10 eziphambili ezifezekisiweyo zobunjineli obube nefuthe elihle kubomi kule nkulungwane yama-20.
Izigidi zokuphononongwa kwi-TripAdvisor ziyifumene IBhaso lokuHamba kwabaKhenkethi njengophawu oluphezulu lwe-US ngo-2016. Ukuba uhamba ngeenyawo okanye uhamba ngeebhayisikile, nqumama kwi IZiko leSizwe loKwamkela iiNkonzo zePaki kwicala lasezantsi ukubona umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaJoseph Strauss kunye namacwecwe anikezelwe kubasebenzi abali-11 abalahlekileyo, kunye nezicatshulwa ezivela kwiAmerican Society of Civil Engineers.
