Ngamaxesha kaxakeka, anjeintlekele yendalookanyeisifo esikho elizweni jikelele, izikhokelo zikarhulumente wasekhaya, zaseburhulumenteni kunye nezomdibaniso ziya kucebisa ukuvalwa kwamashishini 'angabalulekanga' kunye neenkonzo ngelixa zivumela 'ezibalulekileyo' ukuba zivuleke. Yintoni efanelekayo njengeshishini eliyimfuneko iya kwahluka ngokusekelwe kulawulo.
Eyona ndlela yokuhlamba izihlangu zentenetya
Yintoni amashishini abalulekileyo kunye neenkonzo?
Ngelixa kuyakubakho iyantlukwano kuxhomekeke kwindawo ohlala kuyo, kukho inkcazo ngokubanzi ekuvunyelwene ngayo malunga nokuba yintoni ishishini elibalulekileyo kunye nenkonzo. ISebe lezoKhuseleko lwaseKhaya ikhuphe isikhokelo Kwinto ethathela ingqalelo 'abasebenzi ababalulekileyo beziseko zophuhliso' ethi, ngelixa ingengomyalelo ovela kurhulumente womanyano, inike isikhokelo kumagosa, kwisiphaluka nakumagosa aseburhulumenteni. Isikhokelo esivela kwi-DHS sichaza abasebenzi ababalulekileyo njengaba:
- 'Yenza uluhlu lwemisebenzi kunye neenkonzo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuqhubekeni kokubaluleka kweziseko zophuhliso'
- 'Inkxaso ebalulekileyo yokubonelela kunye nokwenza imisebenzi yeziseko zophuhliso ezibalulekileyo'
- Iingcebiso zoKhuseleko kuKuthathwa nokuHanjiswa kokutya
- Uluhlu lwemihla ngemihla, ngeveki nangeeNyanga zokuCoca iiOfisi
- Ukudityaniswa kweMboleko-mboleko kunye nesiVumelwano seNkonzo
Uluhlu lweeNkonzo eziBalulekileyo
Ngaphantsi kwezikhokelo ze-DHS, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zabasebenzi ezichongwe njengezibonelela ngeenkonzo ezibalulekileyo. Olu luhlu lubanzi lubandakanya abasebenzi abanxulumene nayo yonke imiba yemisebenzi exhasa loo ndawo yoqoqosho kunye neziseko zophuhliso.
Imichiza
Imichiza ichaza abasebenzi abaxhasa imixokelelwane yokubonelela ngegesi yemichiza kunye neyamashishini, bavelise ukucoca okukhuselekileyo kunye nezixhobo zonyango kunye nokusetyenziswa okukodwa kweeplastiki zokupakisha izinto eziyimfuneko. Oku kubandakanya imisebenzi, abasebenzi bezothutho, ulondolozo lwezixhobo, amagcisa elebhu kunye nenkxaso kunye nabasebenzi beIT.
Izixhobo zoRhwebo
Izixhobo zorhwebo zibandakanya abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo kwizinto zokwakha ukusuka kwimveliso ngokuhamba ukuya kwintengiso kunye nofakelo. Ikwabandakanya abasebenzi abaxhasa imisebenzi ye-ecommerce, iihardware kunye neevenkile zokwakha, i-elektroniki, itekhnoloji kunye nezixhobo kunye nabasebenzi abalungisa kunye nokugcina izixhobo zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo ezinje ngeenkqubo ze-HVAC, imibhobho yamanzi, umbane kunye nokunye.
Ezonxibelelwano
Ezonxibelelwano zibandakanya abasebenzi babucala nabakarhulumente ababandakanyekayo nakweyiphi na into yokuqhuba uthungelwano lweli lizwe, kubandakanya iintambo zefayibha, iintambo zentambo kunye nabanikezeli ngaphandle kwamacingo, ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zentambo, kunye nemithombo yeendaba enje ngonomathotholo nomabonakude axhasa ingxelo yeendaba ezingaphambili. Oku kubandakanya nabasebenzi abanceda ukuxhasa iinkonzo zasekhaya kunye nezokusetyenziswa kweshishini kunye nabathengisi abathengisa izinto ezinxulumene noko.
Imveliso ebalulekileyo
Ukuveliswa okubalulekileyo kubhekisa kubasebenzi abakumaziko enza izinto kunye neemveliso ezifunekayo ukubonelela ngazo naziphi na ezinye iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo ezidweliswe apha. Oku kubandakanya isinyithi, iisemiconductors, izimbiwa, izixhobo zonyango, izixhobo zokhuselo lobuqu (PPE), izixhobo zonxibelelwano, izixhobo zombane kunye nokunye.
Isiseko soShishino loKhuselo
Isiseko semizi yezokhuseleko siquka abasebenzi abaxhasa ukhuseleko lwesizwe kubandakanya abasebenzi bakarhulumente kwiSebe lezoKhuselo, amalungu omkhosi wase-US nabo bonke abasebenzi abaxhasayo abanxulumene nolondolozo kunye nokusebenza kwale misebenzi.
Iinkonzo zikaxakeka
Iinkonzo zikaxakeka zibandakanya ukuthotyelwa komthetho, abaphenduli bokuqala, abasebenzi benkonzo yentlalo, abasebenzi beziko lokutsalela umnxeba abangama-911, ii-EMTs, umlilo kunye nenkonzo yokuhlangula.
Amandla
Amandla aquka abasebenzi abathatha inxaxheba kuzo zonke iinkalo zecandelo lezamandla kubandakanya nabo babandakanyeka kwiziseko zophuhliso, i-IT, ukhuseleko, ezemigodi, ukuqhubekeka, ukuvelisa, ulungiselelo, ukuthuthwa nolondolozo.
EzeMali
Ezezimali zigubungela abasebenzi abafunekayo ukugcina inkqubo yesizwe yasebhankini kunye neyezemali isebenza, njengababolekisi, abarhwebi, abasebenzi beziko lokufowuna, ababalisi, kunye nabaphi na abasebenzi abaxhasa le misebenzi.
Ukutya kunye nezoLimo
Ukutya kunye nezolimo kubandakanya nabani na osebenza kwezolimo, ukuvelisa ukutya, ukuhanjiswa kokutya, kunye nabasebenzi kwiivenkile zokutyela, iivenkile zokutyela,iivenkile zokutya, iivenkile ezilula, kunye nevenkile ezihambisa ukutya izilwanyana.
Izixhobo zikaRhulumente
Izibonelelo zikarhulumente zibandakanya nabani na obonelela ngemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yaseburhulumenteni kwinqanaba lengingqi, lobuzwe, lommandla, likarhulumente okanye lomanyano kubandakanya nabasebenzi abaxhasayo. Oku kubandakanya ootitshala, abasebenzi bonyulo, abasebenzi kwinkqubo yezomthetho, abasebenzi babalo bantu, kunye nabasebenzi abanamaphepha-mvume.
Ukhathalelo lwezeMpilo kunye neMpilo yoLuntu
Ukhathalelo lwempilo kunye nempilo yoluntu ebandakanya nabani na kwezonyango ngokubonakalayo ebonelela ngononophelo kwizigulana kunye nabaphandi, abalawuli, abasebenzi beelebhu kunye nabasebenzi benkxaso. Oku kubandakanya oogqirha bezilwanyana kunye nabasebenzi beklinikhi yezilwanyana.
Iimveliso zeMpilo kunye neenkonzo
Iimveliso zempilo kunye neenkonzo zibandakanya abasebenzi ababonelela ngeenkonzo zokucoca ezifana nokuhlamba impahla, ukucoca indawo eyomileyo, ukuthengisa nokucoca indawo yokuhlala kunye nabasebenzi abasebenza ukuvelisa iimveliso zempilo.
Ezobuchwepheshe
Itekhnoloji yoLwazi igubungela abasebenzi abaxhasa amaziko okuyalela, amaziko eenkonzo zabaxumi, kunye nayo nayiphi na imeko yetekhnoloji yolwazi enxulumene nayo nayiphi na kwezi nkonzo zibalulekileyo zidweliswe apha.
Izixhobo zenyukliya, izixhobo kunye neNkunkuma
Izixhobo zenyukliya, izixhobo kunye nenkunkuma igubungela abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo kulawulo lwezixhobo ezinobungozi nokuba zivela kwinyukliya, kwezonyango okanye kwindawo yokuvelisa.
Iindawo zokuhlala kunye neendawo zokuhlala kunye neenkonzo
Iindawo zokuhlala kunye neendawo zokuhlala kunye neenkonzo zibandakanya abasebenzi ababonelela ngeenkonzo zentlalo kunye nezinye iinkonzo zenkxaso kubantu abasweleyo kunye nabantu abadala, abasebenzi beendawo zokukhusela izilwanyana, kunye nabasebenzi abakha amakhaya nabanikezela ngengqeshiso yepropathi, ulawulo nolondolozo. Ikwabandakanya indawo yokuhlala kunye neenkonzo zokhathalelo lwengca kunye neenkonzo zokulawulwa kwezinambuzane.
Iinkqubo zokuhamba
Iinkqubo zothutho zigubungela abasebenzi ababonelela ukuthuthwa kwempahla, iinkonzo kunye nabantu, njengabaqhubi beenqwelo moya kunye nabasebenzi, abaqhubi beelori, abasebenzi bokuhamba ngobuninzi kunye nabaqhubi beebhasi kunye nabasebenzi abaxhasa ezo nkonzo ezinje ngamagcisa olondolozo, ukulungiswa kweemoto, abasebenzi beDMV, iilori kunye nokuphumla bayeke abasebenzi bendawo, iinkampani ezirhuqayo. Ikwaquka nezikhululo zegesi.
Amanzi
Amanzi aquka abasebenzi abaxhasa ukubonelela ngamanzi okusela acocekileyo kunye neenkqubo zamanzi amdaka / zokuhambisa amanzi kunye nabasebenzi kumaziko oluntu.
Ishishini elibalulekileyo kunye neenkonzo ezinokuthi zitshintshe
Kuxhomekeka kwindawo ohlala kuyo, amanye amashishini kunye neenkonzo zinokuthathwa njengezibalulekileyo apho zingenakubakho kwezinye iindawo.
- Umzekelo, iindawo zasemaphandleni zinokudwelisa iivenkile zemipu kubalulekile apho ukuzingela kuyinto ebalulekileyo kubomi boluntu, kodwa kwiindawo ezisezidolophini zisenokungathathwa njengezibalulekileyo. Iivenkile ezigcina imipu zinokuqwalaselwa ngokubonelela uluntu ngokuzikhusela, nangona izixeko ezenze ukuba zingabalulekanga ziphikisa ngelithi ukugcina imipu kunye nokuthengiswa kweembumbulu kuya kwenza uluntu lukhuseleke.
- Olunye uluntu lunokuvumela iivenkile kunye nemivalo ukuba ihlale ivulekile, ngelixa abanye beya kuyithatha njengengabalulekanga, evumela abathengi ukuba bafumane ukutya kwiivenkile zokutya endaweni yoko. Iindawo zokutyela zinokuvalwa ukuthintela ukuhlangana kwabantu, nangona uninzi luvumelekile ukuba luvuleke kwaye kuthintelwe kakhulu unxibelelwano lwabathengi endaweni. Banokuvunyelwa kuphela ukubonelelaukuthatha kunye nokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo.
- Amazwe athile avumela amaziko anje ngeevenkile zentuthu, oomatshini bokutshaya intsangu kunye nevenkile zotywala ukuba zihlale zivulekile zibalulekile. Ezi zihlala zivunyelwa ukuba zihlale zivulekile ukwenzela ukunciphisa umthwalo wabantu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa gwenxa iziyobisi abanokuthi bahlupheke ngokurhoxa kakhulu ngaphandle kokufikelela. Kwelinye icala, ingxoxo yokubagcina bevaliwe kukuba abantu ngexesha lobunzima banokuba yingozi kwaye bahlupheke impilo yengqondo, kwaye ukuzigcina kude nezinto ezinje ngotywala kwenza ukuba uluntu lukhuseleke.
- Izixeko apho ukuhamba ngebhayisikile ithandwayo inokuvumela iivenkile zebhayisekile ukuba zihlale zivulekile kunokuzijonga njengenkonzo engabalulekanga kwezolonwabo.
- Ngelixa iivenkile zokubonelela ngamakhaya zithathwa njengeshishini elibalulekileyo, ezinye iindawo zivumela amashishini asekhaya kunye neevenkile zokugcina iiofisi ukuba zihlale zivulekile ngelixa ezinye zingavumi, nangona oku kungatshintsha ngokwanda kwabasebenzi abakude nekhaya.
- Iicawa zinokuthathwa okanye zingathathwa njengezibalulekileyo, kwaye iicawe ezivunyelwe ukuhlala zivulekile zinokucelwa ukuba zibambe iinkonzo kwi-intanethi ukunqanda ukuhlangana kwabantu.
- Kwamanye amazwe nakwizixeko, Iigalufa bavunyelwe ukuhlala bevulekile, ngaphandle kwezinye izinto zolonwabo zivaliwe. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yesidingo sokuvumela abantu ukuba benze izinto ezibonakalayo ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, kwaye igalufa linokudlalwa ngonxibelelwano oluncinci nabanye abantu.
- Olunye uluntu lunokuvumela amashishini angabalulekanga ukuba ahlale evulekile kodwa anciphise kakhulu iiyure zabo kunye nendlela abaqhuba ngayo ishishini labo kunye neenkqubo zonxibelelwano lwabathengi.
Amashishini neeNkonzo ezingabalulekanga
Kuyanceda ukuba nokuqonda into edla ngokugqalwa njengeshishini okanye inkonzo engabalulekanga xa usenza isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi ebaluleke ngokwenene. Ngokubanzi, ishishini elingabalulekanga okanye inkonzo ijolise ekuzonwabiseni nasekuzonwabiseni. Ezi ziinkonzo ezonwabelwa ngabantu kodwa ezingabalulekanga kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Imizekelo yithiyetha zemidlalo bhanyabhanya, iindawo zemidlalo, iinwele kunye neenzipho zokuzilungisa, iindawo zokuzilolonga, neepaki kunye neendawo zokuzonwabisa.
Indlela yokuQinisa ukuba yintoni evulekileyo kwindawo ohlala kuyo
Ukuba uzama ukufumanisa ukuba ngawaphi amashishini kunye neenkonzo ezikhoyo kuwengexesha lobunzima, kufuneka unxibelelane namagosa esixeko sakho kuqala. Isebe lakho lendawo lezempilo yoluntu kunye nesebe lolawulo lwexesha likaxakeka kunye ne-ofisi yebhunga lesixeko sakho kunye nosodolophu kufuneka babe nolwazi malunga noko bavunyelwe ukuba kuvulwe kwaye nakuphi na ukuthintelwa ekusebenzeni kweshishini. Izithintelo kwilizwe liphela zingafunyanwa kwiiwebhusayithi zikarhulumente zikarhulumente wakho ophambili, nakwisebe lakho likarhulumente lezempilo kunye neenkonzo zoluntu. Unokuqhagamshelana ne-ofisi yegosa likarhulumente ngolwazi. Okokugqibela unokunxibelelana namashishini athile ekubuzweni ukuba avulekile, kwaye ujonge iiwebhusayithi kunye nemidiya yoluntu.
Ithetha ntoni iringi kumnwe ophakathi
Amashishini abalulekileyo kwamanye amazwe
Ngaphandle kwe-US, amanye amazwe alandela izikhokelo ezifanayo kwinto ethathwa njengeyona ibalulekileyo kunye namashishini angabalulekanga kunye neenkonzo ngexesha lentlekele. Umzekelo, ngexesha lokuvalelwa yedwa kwe-COVID-19 ngo-2020, amashishini angabalulekanga ayalelwa ukuba avaliwe kwihlabathi liphela. Olu luhlu lunokutshintsha, kuxhomekeka kwimeko kwaye ekuhambeni kwexesha, soloko ujonga ukuthembela kwabasemagunyeni ngolwazi oluchanekileyo nolukhoyo ngoku.
iunited Kingdom
Inkqubo ye- iunited Kingdom ithatha amashishini angabalulekanga njengamaziko okutya neziselo (ngaphandle kokuba abonelela ngokuthatha kunye nokuhambisa), iisalon, iitololi zetatoo, iihotele (ngaphandle kwezimbalwa), iipaki, amathala eencwadi, amaziko oluntu, izindlu zonqulo (ngaphandle kokwenza umngcwabo okanye ukubonelela iinkonzo zentlalo-ntle), indawo yokuhlamba iimpahla, iiposi, iimyuziyam, iigalari, iiklabhu zasebusuku, iithiyetha, iindawo zemidlalo, iiparlour zokuthambisa, iindawo zokuzilolonga kunye nee-arcades.
Iivenkile zentengiso kufuneka zivaliwe ngaphandle kokuba ukutya, izinto zonyango, ipetroli, iibhayisikile, izixhobo zekhompyutha, izinto zezolimo, ukuthengiswa kwezilwanyana zasekhaya notywala. Amashishini abalulekileyo kunye neenkonzo zibandakanya izibhedlele, ababoneleli ngezempilo, oogqirha bezilwanyana kunye namashishini axhasa iziseko zophuhliso ezinje ngezothutho ngobuninzi, izixhobo, amanzi, unxibelelwano ngocingo kunye nococeko.
Ostreliya
E-Australia, amashishini anjalo ithathwa njengengabalulekanga zibandakanya iindawo ezibonelela ngotywala obuza kutyiwa kwindawo enjengendawo yokutyela, iihotele, iindawo zokuzilolonga kunye namaziko emidlalo, iisosa, amachibi, iimyuziyam kunye neegalari, amathala eencwadi, iikhasino, iithiyetha zemidlalo bhanyabhanya kunye neeklabhu zasebusuku, amaziko oluntu, iiklabhu zemitya, iipaki zokuzonwabisa, iicawa, Iindawo zokudlala kunye neparlol parlors. Iindawo zokutyela zihlala zihlala zivulekile ukuba zibonelela ngenkonzo yokuthabatha kwaye iinwele ezinokubonelela ngenkonzo ukuba kunokuqeshwa kwindawo efanelekileyo. Iicawa zisakwazi ukwenza imingcwabo nemitshato.
Mekhsikho
Urhulumente waseMexico ivumela amashishini ebonelela ngemisebenzi yezoqoqosho kunye neeofisi zikarhulumente ukuba zihlale zivulekile. Eli shishini libandakanya ezibonelela ngeenkonzo zezemali, ukuhanjiswa kwegesi kunye nezikhululo zegesi, ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi okusela, ukuveliswa kokutya kunye neziselo ezinxilisayo ngokuhamba kunye nokuthengiswa kweentengiso kwezi mveliso, iivenkile zokutya kunye nezokuthenga, iinkonzo zothutho, iinkampani zezolimo kunye nemfuyo, imichiza kunye nokucoca abavelisi bemveliso, iivenkile zezinto zokwakha, iindawo zokugcina abantwana kunye neendawo zokugcina abantwana, amakhaya abalupheleyo, iindawo zokufihla amakhosikazi, i-IT kunye nonxibelelwano ngomnxeba, iinkonzo zikaxakeka nezomngcwabo, kunye nokuhamba okubandakanya izikhululo zeenqwelo moya, oololiwe bakaloliwe kunye namazibuko okuhambisa.
ElamaTaliyane
ElamaTaliyane ivumela kuphela Amashishini athengisa abathengisa ukutya kunye 'nokutya kwabathengi' ukuze bahlale bevulekile. Oku kubandakanya iikhemesti, iivenkile ezithengisa izilwanyana, iivenkile ezithengisa amaphepha, iivenkile zecuba, iivenkile ezibonakalayo kunye neefoto, iivenkile zekhompyuter kunye neze-elektroniki, iivenkile zezixhobo zokusebenza, izitishi zegesi, iivenkile zehardware kunye nevenkile ezithengisa ipetroli yokufudumeza umlilo. Baye bavumela indawo yokuhlamba iimpahla kunye neendawo zokucoca ezomileyo, iibhanki, iinkonzo zezemali, kunye namashishini agubungela ezolimo kunye nemfuyo zihlala zivulekile. Ukuhamba ngobuninzi kuhlala kuvulekile kodwa kwifomathi encitshisiweyo evumela ukuhamba okuyimfuneko kuphela.
Speyin
Urhulumente waseSpain ithathela ingqalelo iinkonzo eziyimfuneko ekuboneleleni ngemisebenzi esisiseko yoluntu, yezempilo neyokhuseleko, kunye noqoqosho. Oku kubandakanya naliphi na ishishini elisebenza kuthengiso lokutya, ukusuka kwimveliso ukuya ekuhanjisweni ukuya kwintengiso yevenkile; iinkampani ezivelisa, zisasaze kwaye zithengise amayeza, iimveliso zococeko kunye nokutya kwezilwanyana; iivenkile neehotele ukuba zibonelela ngokuhanjiswa kwekhaya okanye ngeenkonzo zokuthatha; Iinkonzo zococeko, iinkampani ezenza imveliso, iinkonzo zothutho lwabantu kunye neemveliso, kunye nabasebenzi bamapolisa, ukuhlangula kunye neenkonzo zongxamiseko, ukhuseleko lwabucala, amaziko ezempilo, unesi kunye namakhaya amaqela, oogqirha bezilwanyana, abeendaba, kunye neenkonzo zezemali, i-IT, unxibelelwano ngomthetho, ezomthetho , kunye neenkampani zokucoca. Oku kubandakanya iinkonzo zikarhulumente ezifana neposi, ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi, kunye nokugcina iinkampu zeembacu.
Khanada
ECanada, iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo zichaziwe phantsi kwe Isicwangciso-qhinga sikaZwelonke seziBonelelo eziBalulekileyo njenge 'iinkqubo, iinkqubo, amaziko, ubuchwephesha, uthungelwano, iiasethi, kunye neenkonzo eziyimfuneko kwezempilo, ukhuseleko, ukhuseleko okanye intlalontle yoqoqosho lwamaKhanada kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kukarhulumente.' ICanada ibeka la mashishini kunye neenkonzo kumacandelo alishumi: amandla kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo, ulwazi kunye neetekhnoloji zonxibelelwano, ezemali, ezempilo, ukutya, amanzi, ezothutho, ezokhuseleko, urhulumente kunye nemveliso.
Sawudi Arabhiya
Sawudi Arabhiya ivumela kuphela abasebenzi bakarhulumente ukuba babandakanyeke kwezempilo, ezokhuseleko, ezomkhosi nakwezokhuseleko ukuba bahlale bevulekile. Amashishini anokuhlala evulekile ziikhemesti, ivenkile enkulu, iivenkile zokubonelela ngokutya, kunye neeresityu ezivumela ukuthatha nokuziswa. Imibutho yesisa inokuhlala ivulekile ngokuncitshiswa kwabasebenzi.
Ukuqonda iikhrayitheriya zeeNkonzo eziBalulekileyo kunye noShishino
Ngexesha likaxakeka xa urhulumente ebhengeze ukuba kuphela amashishini kunye neenkonzo ezinokuhlala zivulekile, kubalulekile ukuba wazi umahluko phakathi 'kokubalulekileyo' kunye 'nokungabalulekanga.' Eyona ndlela ilula yokufumanisa ukuba yintoni ekufanele ukuba ivulekileyo okanye hayi kukuba ishishini okanye inkonzo iyinto efunekayo ukuze ufumane ubomi bemihla ngemihla ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni nasempilweni kwaye ukhuselekile. Nokuba kukucoceka koluntu, ukugcina izibane kunye ne-Intanethi kunye neendlela zomnxeba zisebenza okanye zibonelela ngokutya kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo, iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo kunye namashishini abalulekile ekugcineni uluntu lusebenza.
