Ukufunda ukufunda kunokuba lucelomngeni kwabanye abantwana kwi-autism spectrum; nangona kunjalo, indlela eyiyo yokufundisa inokwenza umahluko omkhulu. Ukuba abazali kunye nootitshala basebenzisa iimfuno zomntwana kunye namandla okufunda, kuya kuba lula ukufikelela kweli banga libalulekileyo lemfundo.
Iingcebiso ezintlanu zokuFundisa ukuFunda kuBantwana abane-Autism
Ukuze ufumane isifo se-autism, umntwana kufuneka ahlangane noko Iikhrayitheriya zokuchonga isifo , kubandakanya ukungahambi kakuhle kunxibelelwano, ukusebenzisana kwezentlalo, kunye nokuziphatha. Ezi ndawo zintathu zokuphazamiseka zinokuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukufunda, ke ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzigcina engqondweni njengoko nisebenza kunye kobu buchule. Ukongeza, eyona ndlela iphambili ikwajolise kwindlela yokufunda eyahlukileyo yomntwana.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo- Imidlalo yeBongo Autistic
- Ukusebenza ngokubanzi
- Imidlalo yeZakhono zeMoto yaBantwana abaDala
Sebenzisa Lo Mdla Ukhethekileyo
Iindawo ezizodwa ezinomdla omkhulu, ezinje ngoololiwe, iithayimthebhile, izibakala, okanye amakhadi okurhweba, kunokuba ngumthombo wolonwabo olukhulu kubantu abakwi-autism spectrum. Le miba ikhethekileyo ikwalithuba elihle lokutsala umdla womntwana.
Zama ezi ngcamango zokwenza loo mali inomdla njengoko usebenza ngokufunda:
- Kubafundi abatsha, hlanganisa izinto ezininzi ezinxulumene nendawo enomdla. Kwinto nganye, bhala unobumba wokuqala wegama lakhe ekhadini uze ulilayishe ikhadi kwinto yokudlala. Qho xa umntwana efuna into, mbuze ukuba iqala ngantoni unobumba. Ukusuka apho, qhubela phambili ulebhelishe into ngegama elipheleleyo.
- Bhala ibali elifutshane, elinolwazi malunga nomdla okhethekileyo womntwana. Faka iinyani ezimbalwa umntwana anokungazazi, kunye neenkcukacha ezininzi ezikhuthazayo. Sebenza nomntwana ufunde eli bali.
- Khetha iincwadi ezijolise kumdla womntwana. Umzekelo, ukuba umntwana uyayithanda imozulu, sebenzisa iincwadi ngezaqhwithi okanye iindidi zamafu ukuze usebenze ngokufunda.
- Inkqubela phambili yomvuzo ngezinto okanye ulwazi olunxulumene nomdla okhethekileyo. Umzekelo, xa umntwana efunde amagama alishumi okubona, unokukhetha ikhadi elitsha lokurhweba.
Misela ukungeniswa kweemvakalelo
Ngoku ka Psychology Namhlanje , abantu abaninzi abane-autism nabo banengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo. Esi sifo sichaphazela ukubanakho komntu ukucoca ulwazi lwangaphandle, njengabanye abantwana abathethayo okanye inja ekhonkotha ngaphandle okanye ivumba elingaqhelekanga. Ukongeza, inokubakhokelela abantwana ukuba benze ezinye zeendlela zokuziphatha eziphindaphindayo, ezinje ngokubetha ngesandla, ukunyikimisa, kunye nokujikeleza, okubonisa icandelo lokuziphatha kweenqobo zokuqonda isifo. Olu luvo lungaphezulu nangaphantsi kunokwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuba umntwana one-autism agxile kuwo nawuphi na umsebenzi, kubandakanya nokufunda ukufunda.
Ezi zimvo zilandelayo zinokunceda umntwana ukuba alawule inkqubo yakhe yeemvakalelo kwaye ajolise ekufundeni:
- Sebenza ekufundeni kwindawo ethe cwaka, engathathi cala. Khetha igumbi elikhanyayo nelingenazo iipowusta okanye imisebenzi yobugcisa eludongeni. Hlalani phantsi kunye ukuze nisebenze, kwaye nithethe ngelizwi elizolileyo.
- Zama ukuchonga ukuba ingaba umntwana ujongana nokukhuthaza ngaphezulu, ukukhuthaza okungaphantsi, okanye ukudityaniswa kwazo zombini. Ingcali kwezomsebenzi ingacebisa izixhobo, ezinje ngeevesti ezinobunzima, ukungcangcazela kweepensile, ukuhlafuna ukutya, kunye nezinye iimveliso ukunceda umntwana agxile ekufundeni.
- Abantwana abaninzi bafunda ngcono xa befuduka. Ukuba iyafumaneka, zama ukusebenza nomntwana njengoko ehleli eqongeni. Olunye ukhetho olukhulu sisihlalo esishukumisayo. Intshukumo inokunceda umntwana ukuya kufundo.
- Thatha ikhefu rhoqo ukubonelela ngokukhuthaza imvakalelo yomntwana. Umzekelo, sebenza ekufundeni imizuzu elishumi emva koko ube nemizuzu emihlanu yokuphumla. Nangona kunokubonakala ngathi akukho nto iphazamisayo ukuphazamisa ixesha lomsebenzi rhoqo, unokufumanisa ukuba umntwana wenza inkqubela phambili ngcono ngale ndlela.
Khetha izinto ezifanelekileyo
Iincwadi zokufunda eziqhelekileyo kunye nekharityhulamu inokuba yinto entle kubafundi abaqhelekileyo, kodwa abantwana abakwi-autism spectrum abanakufunda ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, ngophando olwenziwe yi IPenn State College yoNyango , uninzi lwabantwana kwi-autism spectrum banezakhono zokuqonda ezibonakalayo. Nangona kunjalo, umntwana ngamnye wahlukile. Abanye abantwana abane-autism, ukufunda okubonakalayo ngumceli mngeni obalulekileyo. Aba bantwana banokuba namandla ekinesthetic okanye ekufundeni ngokuva. Isitshixo ekufundiseni ukufunda kubantwana abane-autism kukuchonga indlela yokufunda ekhethwe ngumntwana kunye nokusebenzisa izinto eziyilelwe olo hlobo. Ukuba awuqinisekanga malunga nalapho amandla omntwana alele khona, ungazama iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zokufunda ezahlukeneyo.
Ezi nkampani zigxile kwimathiriyeli yokufunda yabantwana abane-autism:
- Ukufunda ngobuchule , Imveliso yenkampani yeencwadi zezifundo iMcGraw-Hill, inabalandeli abazinikeleyo kwezobugcisa kwezemfundo.
- Imfundo ye-PCI unikezela ngezixhobo zokufunda zabafundi abathetha nabangengawo amagama abane-autism.
- Ufundo olukhethekileyo yinkqubo eyenzelwe abantwana abane-Down's Syndrome, kodwa umvelisi uthi ikwasebenza kakhulu kubantwana abane-autism.
Faka iTekhnoloji
Uninzi lwabazali kunye nootitshala bezemfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa bafumanisa ukuba iinkqubo zekhompyuter zinokuba nakho ukufundisa ukufundela abantwana abane-autism. Isifundo kwi Ijenali yeAutism kunye noPhuculo lokuPhazamiseka uxele ukuba abantwana abane-autism nabo babonakala bonwabela ngakumbi kwimfundo esekwe kwikhompyuter yokufunda.
Qwalasela enye yezi nkqubo zokufunda zekhompyuter:
- Cofa u-N 'Funda iZandi ngumdlalo obonakalayo omnandi onceda abantwana bafunde indlela iinxalenye zamagama ezidibana ngayo.
- IComputhera yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukufundisa ukufunda kubantwana abane-autism.
Wonke umntwana wahlukile
Kuba i-autism luphawu lokuphazamiseka, wonke umntwana onesifo se-autism ufunda ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba into esebenzela omnye umntwana ayinakusebenza komnye. Ezona nkqubo zokufunda ziphumelele kunye nootitshala basebenzela ukwenza amandla kumandla omntu ngamnye kwaye boyise imiceli mngeni yomntwana. Gxila kumandla okufunda komntwana, kwaye uzame iindlela ezininzi zokufundisa ukufunda ukufumana eyona ilungele umfundi wakho.
