Ngaba ukugungqa kubantu abadala kuqhelekile? Ngamanye amaxesha, iza nobudala, kodwa kuhlala kungumbono olungileyo ukujonga. Ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zokuxakeka zihambelana nokusebenza komzimba (physiologic) kunye nokuphazamiseka kwawo ngamachiza athile kunye neengxaki zonyango. Ezinye izizathu zibandakanya ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwengqondo kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
I-Physiologic Tremor ibangela ukuShukuma kwezandla kubantu abadala
Ukungcangcazela kwePhysiologic yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo kubantu abadadayo. Ngokwe- Incwadana yeMerck, inguqulelo yabathengi , (yandisa icandelo 'leentlobo zokungcangcazela') 'kukungcangcazela okuqhelekileyo okukhoyo kuye wonke umntu,' kwaye kubonisa isingqisho esiqhelekileyo sokulawula izihlunu yinkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo- Iindidi ezili-10 zeDementia ichaziwe
- Ukuhambisa iingcinga kuMfazi oPhezulu oPhezulu
- Imifanekiso yeeNwele eziLupheleyo zaMadoda nabafazi
Iimpawu zokungcangcazela zibandakanya:
- Ichaphazela ikakhulu izandla, kodwa ukushukuma kunokubakho kwiingalo nawo onke amanye amaqela emisipha.
- Kulungile, ukungcangcazela ngokukhawuleza yinto ebizwa ngokuba yipostural, inyikima yesenzo, oko kuthetha ukuba ugqirha unokuyibona nentshukumo ethile.
- Ungaluqaphela olu hlobo lokungcangcazela xa walatha kwinto okanye igama elikwiphepha.
Ukuphuculwa kwePhysiologic Tremor
Ukungcangcazela komzimba kuyabonakala kungabonakali kodwa kunokuba njalo kubantu abadala phantsi kweemeko ezithile, kubandakanya:
- Ixhala, uxinzelelo, uloyiko, kunye nezinye izinto ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwabadala
- Ukungalali ngokwaneleyo, ukudinwa, umkhuhlane
- Amayeza athile, iziyobisi kunye nezinye iingxaki zonyango
Ezi meko zinokuphucula ukungcangcazela komzimba. Ukuba inyikima ibalulekile, unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu.
Iinyikima ezibangelwa sisiyobisi
Njengabantu abancinci, iziyobisi ezichaphazela inkqubo ye-neva engaphakathi inokubangela ukugungqa kubantu abadala okanye yenze ukuqaqamba komzimba kubonakale ngakumbi. NgokukaMedlinePlus, ifayile ye- iziyobisi kunye nezinye izinto ezinokuphucula ukunyikima komzimba kubandakanya:
- Amachiza amiselweyo, njenge
- I-Theophylline okanye i-albuterol (esetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifuba)
- I-Epinephrine (icatecholamine)
- ICorticosteroids, (esetyenziselwa ukunyanga iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zonyango)
- Ii-Anticonvulsants, ezinje ngeDepakote, yokuphazamiseka ekubambeni
- Unyango lokuphazamiseka kwemood, kubandakanya i-lithium, i-antidepressants (umzekelo, iZoloft okanyeIprozac), kunye namayeza antipsychotic
- Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, okanye ukurhoxa kumachiza athile oxinzelela inkqubo ye-nervous system, njenge-benzodiazepines kunye ne-opioids
- Ukuphathwa gadalala okanyeukurhoxa etywalenisebenzisa ('ukushukuma')okanye inicotine
- Ukuphathwa gadalala, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, okanyeUkurhoxiswa kwecaffeineokanye iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa, ezinje ngecocaine kunye ne methamphetamines
Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi okanye ukubakho kweziyobisi nako kunokubangela ukungcangcazela kwe-pathologic ngeziphumo ezonakalisayo ezisisigxina kwinkqubo yovalo. Izinto zibandakanya utywala,iiopioids, icocaine kunye nemethamphetamines.
Unyango lweNkuthazo ebangelwe ziziyobisi
Ulawulo lokungcangcazela okubangelwa sisiyobisi lujolise kunyango lweziyobisi, okanye ukurhoxa okanye ukulungisa uhlengahlengiso lwamayeza amiselweyo. Abantu abadala babuthathaka kakhulu kumachiza kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba bathathe amayeza amaninzi amiselweyo akhokelela ekuzinzeni. Bazuza amayeza ambalwa kunye nethamo elincinci elifunekayo.
Inkqubo yokuNyikima kwezifo
Izifo zenkqubo echaphazela ingqondo okanye inkqubo yoluvo yendlela inokubangela ukugungqa okanye ukuphucula ukungcangcazela komzimba kubantu abadala. Ngokusekwe kwi- Incwadana yeMerck, inguqulelo yobungcali (yandisa itafile, 'ezinye zoonobangela benyikima' kwicandelo 'le-Etiology'), iimeko zempilo zibandakanya ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolism, ihomoni, okanye ukuphazamiseka okunetyhefu njengoku:
Ungayicima njani irejista kwibhedi yokuhlambela nangaphezulu
- Isibindi okanye isifo sezintso
- Iswekile okanye iswekile esezantsi yegazi (hypoglycemia)
- Ioksijini yegazi esezantsi (i-anoxic encephalopathy)
- Iimpawu ezibonisa ukungasebenzi gland (hyperthyroidism)
- Ukugqithisa okugqithisileyo kwe-parathyroid gland (hyperparathyroidism)
- Ityhefu enzima yesinyithi enjenge-mercury okanye ilothe
Ukunyikima okwenzeka ngokuhamba kunokuba nzima kwaye kuguquke.
Unyango
Unyango lwengxaki yengxaki yezonyango inokuphucula ukungcangcazela okubangelwa koko. Ukongeza, unyango lomzimba kunye nokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunokuba luncedo ekuphuculeni umsebenzi wemihla ngemihla wabadala.
Ingcangcazela ebalulekileyo
Ukungcangcazela okubalulekileyo lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lokunyikima kwe-pathologic, i Ikliniki yaseCleveland amanqaku. Inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, kodwa ihlala ichaphazela abo bangaphezulu kwama-40, ngokwe Ikliniki yaseMayo . Isizathu sokungcangcazela okubalulekileyo asiqinisekanga, kodwa kwabanye abantu, isenokuba ngenxa yelifa lemfuza eligqithiselwe kwiintsapho zabo, ngokwengxelo Imfuza kwizonyango .
ithatha ixesha elingakanani inkqubo yoqhawulo mtshato
Abanye abantu banokudida ukungcangcazela okubalulekileyo kwesifo sika-Parkinson. Nangona kunjalo, inyikima ebalulekileyo ayikhawulelwanga kuneParkinson. Ukongeza, zombini iintlobo zokungcangcazela zinezinye izinto ezahlukileyo.
Iimpawu zoLoyiko eziBalulekileyo
Isalathiso seKliniki yaseMayo sithi ukungcangcazela kwenyikima ebalulekileyo:
- Ngaba ukungcangcazela ikakhulu kwezandla kwaye kuhlala kuyintloko kunye nelizwi
- Unokubonwa, umzekelo, xa ugcina iingalo ziphakanyisiwe ngokuthe ngqo ngokuchasene nomxhuzulane. Ukuhamba kwentloko okuqhelekileyo kukunqwala ngokuthe nkqo, 'ewe-ewe,' okanye ukungcangcazela okuthe tye, 'hayi-hayi'
- Ukungcangcazela kunokuqhubela phambili kuchaphazele amanye amalungu omzimba, anjengeengalo nemilenze.
Iimpawu zikhula ngokuthe ngcembe, ziqala kwicala elinye lomzimba, kwaye zinokuba mandundu phantsi koxinzelelo okanye ukudinwa. Ukuqhaqha kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kwaye kuchaphazele imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, njengokubhala ngesandla, ukufakela inaliti, okanye ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokutya.
Unyango lwengxamiseko ebalulekileyo
Ukungcangcazela okubalulekileyo akunakufuna ukunyangwa ukuba iimpawu azikhathazi. Ukuba isigulana nogqirha wakhe baziva ngathi unyango lufanelekile, amayeza abandakanya:
- Ipropranolol (i-beta-blocker esetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi)
- I-Primidone, iyeza lokulwa nokuhlutha
- Umthulisi onje ngeXanax
- Inaliti yeBotox, umzekelo, ukungcangcazela kwentloko, ilizwi kunye nezandla
Ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe utyando kwi-thalamus yengqondo, okanye ekuvuseleleni okunzulu kwengqondo (DPS) ye-thalamus ene-electrode ukuba inyikima kunzima ukuyinyanga.
Isifo sikaParkinson
Isifo sikaParkinson's (PD) sikwangunobangela oqhelekileyo wokungazinzi kwe-pathologic kubantu abadala. Yimeko abantu abaninzi abacinga ngayo xa bebona umntu omkhulu enesingxi, nangona kuyinto encinci kakhulu kunesiqhelo sokungcangcazela. I-PD inokwenzeka nakwabantu abancinci abanesimo esifa njengesi sifo.
Ngoku ka I-MedlinePlus Iimpawu zeParkinson zibandakanya:
uzothini kumhlobo oswelekelwe ngumntwana
- Kwenzeka rhoqo rhoqo ebantwini ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu emadodeni kunabafazi.
- Ukungcangcazela okanye ukungcangcazela kubangelwa kukuwohloka okucothayo kweeseli zemithambo-luvo kwi isanti enkulu yobuchopho, ngokwe I-Clinical Neurology yokwaluphala, (iphepha 251) .
- Ukufa kweeseli zemithambo-luvo kunciphisa i-dopamine kwi isiseko ganglia (enceda ukulawula ukuhamba kakuhle), ukuphazamisa ukuhanjiswa kweempawu ezisuka kwingqondo ziye kwezihlunu.
- Ukungcangcazela okufana noParkinson kunokubonwa ngeziyobisi ezinje ngee-antipsychotic kunye neyeza lokuthintela isicaphucaphu elichaphazela i-basal ganglia.
- Iimpawu zihlala ziqala ezandleni kodwa zinokuchaphazela nelizwi, isilevu, umlenze, kunye namanye amalungu omzimba.
Iimpawu zeParkinson's
Ngokungafaniyo nokungcangcazela okubalulekileyo, ukungcangcazela kwe-PD kwenzeka xa ilungu lomzimba elichaphazelekayo liphumle endaweni yokuhamba (ukungcangcazela kokuphumla). Ukuhamba okuqhelekileyo kwe-PD eyahlukileyo kunyikimo olubalulekileyo kubandakanya:
- Ukuqengqa iipilisi - ukuqengqeleka kobhontsi kunye nasesandleni sokudibanisa kunye
- Ukubamba ukuqina komzimba (ukuqina) ngokuma okuguqulweyo
- Ukurhuqa ngelixa uhamba (ushukuma)
Ukungcangcazela okucothayo, okurhabaxa kweParkinson kuyaphucuka kunye nentshukumo, ngokungafaniyo nokungcangcazela okubalulekileyo, akuchaphazeli imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kunye nemisebenzi. Abantu abambalwa abaneParkinson's nabo baya kugungqa ngokuhamba. Ukongeza, ngamanye amaxesha ukungcangcazela okubalulekileyo kunye ne-PD kunokuvela kunye, nangona ukwenzeka kunqabile.
Unyango
Unyango olukhethiweyo lwesifo sika-Parkinson sisiyobisi se-dopamine, i-levodopa. Olunye ukhetho lubandakanya amayeza anticholinergic kunye neziyobisi yandisa i-dopamine kwiindawo zobuchopho.
Ingqungquthela yeCerebellar
I-cerebellum, ebekwe emazantsi engqondo, inoxanduva lokulinganisa kunye nokulungelelanisa. Izifo ezenza ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwi-cerebellum zinokubangela ukungcangcazela kwe-cerebellar.
Uphengululo lweNeurology yeePsychiatrists (iphepha 89) ithi ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kukuqina kwesclerosis, ukubetha, kunye nokwenzakala kwengqondo. Ezinye izizathu zibandakanya:
- Ithumba, ithumba, okanye ukuphazamiseka okwenzeka njengelifa
- Ukunxila kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi, ii-anticonvulsants, okanye ezinye iziyobisi
Iimpawu zeCerebellar Tremor
Unokubona ukungcangcazela kwe-cerebellar xa isigulana sihamba. Yinto ebizwa ngokuba kukungcangcazela kweenjongo, okuthetha ukuba ibonakala ekupheleni kwentshukumo eqondisiweyo, njengokufikelela ekuchukumiseni impumlo yakho okanye ukubamba indebe. Ukongeza, abo bachaphazelekayo abakwazi ukwenza iintshukumo ezikhawulezayo, ezinjengokuchukumisa umnwe empumlweni, okanye umnwe emnweni, kwaye kunzima ukuhamba nokugcina ibhalansi.
Iimpawu zisenokungangqinelani, zichaphazele icala lomzimba apho i-cerebellum yonakele, okanye omabini amacala ukuba kukho ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamazwe amabini.
Unyango
Akukho siyobisi sisebenzayo sokungcangcazela kwe-cerebellar. Unyango ngokwasemzimbeni, unyango emsebenzini kunye nonyango oluncedisayo lunokuphucula amandla omntu okusebenza.
Abanye oonobangela bokungazinzi kubantu abadala
Abanye oonobangela bokushukuma kubantu abadala kubandakanya:
- Ukungcangcazela kwe-Orthostatic, eyenzeka xa umntu emi. Kukho ukungazinzi kunye nokushukuma emilenzeni ngelixa umileyo, ethi shwaka xa isiguli sihleli okanye sihamba. Akukho lunyango lusebenzayo, kodwa oogqirha bahlala bephatha nge-clonazepam, gabapentin, okanye iziyobisi ezinjenge-dopamine.
- Ukungcangcazela kwengqondo , Engalindelekanga kunye neempawu eziguqukayo. Ukuqina kuyaphucuka xa umntu ephazamiseka kwimpawu kwaye esiba mandundu xa enikwa ingqalelo. Ukungcangcazela kubangelwa yingxaki yengqondo yomntu ochaphazelekayo.
Yintoni Ebangela Ukunyikima Kubantu Abadala?
Nawuphi na umntu osele ekhulile othe ngesiquphe wakhula ungcangcazela kufuneka abonane nogqirha kwangoko. Abadala bafuna ukubona ugqirha ukuba ukungcangcazela okukhoyo kubonakala ngathi kuya kusiba kubi. Imbali epheleleyo kunye novavanyo lomzimba lunokuchonga uhlobo lokungcangcazela kwaye kunokubangela. Unyango olusisiseko lusekwe kwisizathu. Ukunyanga ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nokusebenza kunyango kunye neemveliso zokuguga ezinokuba luncedo njengoko kubonisiwe.
