Xa uninzi lwabantu lucinga ngemithi ye-birch, i-bark emhlophe enomtsalane exhaphake kwiindidi ezininzi kusenokwenzeka ukuba ithi qatha engqondweni. Imithi ihombise imbonakalo yomhlaba kunye nobuhle bayo obuhle kunye nobuhle bayo kunye namagqabi ayo anezinyo ezintle ikhanyisa umhlaba ngokugqabhuka kombala wokuwa. Ikhule phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, imithi ye-birch yenza isampulu entle enokuhlala iminyaka engama-50.
Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zeBirch Tree
IiBirch ziyakhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zihlala ixesha elifutshane kumthi onzima okomthi oluhlobo UBetula kwaye zihlala zifumaneka kwimimandla eshushu ye-U.S. Incinci, iphakathi ukuya kubukhulu obuphakathi, malunga nomyinge we-50 yeenyawo ubude. Zonke iintlobo zivelisa amagqabi amancinci acocekileyo ajika atyheli eqaqambileyo ekwindla, kwaye avelise amabhinqa amade kunye namathambo ekwindla, ajika abe yimbewu encinci enamaphiko. Kuxhomekeke kudidi, ixolo liyakhonkotha okanye alikho i-peeling kunye nobubanzi bemibala emhlophe ukuya kumbala we-salmon. Abalimi begadi abanqwenela ukongeza umthi we-birch kwiindawo zabo zokuhlala banokufumana ezi ntlobo zidweliswe ngezantsi.
 ICatkins |  Bark |  Amagqabi |
- Alder Imithi
- Ungawugcina njani umthi ngeBark eyonakalisiweyo
- Amagama Omthi Othandekayo aMantombazana
Iphepha leBirch
Hardy kwimimandla ye-USDA 3-6, iphepha le-birch ( IBetula papyrifera ) inombala ogqamileyo omhlophe, oxobukayo kwimithi esele ikhulile kwaye umbala omdaka ngombala xa umncinci. Umthonyama kwiindawo ezisenyakatho zase-US, umthi umyinge malunga neenyawo ezingama-50 ubude kunye nobubanzi malunga nesiqingatha sokuphakama komthi. Yenza i-trunk eyodwa efanelekileyo kunye nokunyamezela okuphezulu kwimozulu ebanda.
Umlambo iBirch
Birch yomlambo ( Betula nigra ) inyamezelana neemeko ezifudumeleyo kunezinye iintlobo ze-birch, ezomeleleyo kwimimandla ye-USDA 4 ukuya ku-9. Umthonyama osemazantsi mpuma anebala le-salmon elinombala oxobileyo kunye nemilinganiselo ejikeleze i-50 yeenyawo ubude kunye nobubanzi obumalunga neenyawo ezingama-25. Njengoko igama libonisa, ii-birches zemilambo ziyanyamezelana kwaye zifuna indawo emanzi ukuze ikhule ngokukuko kunye neemeko zomhlaba zomhlaba. Umthi ngumzekelo osebenzayo kwiindawo zomhlaba ezimanzi.
Ngwevu iBirch
Kucingwa njengomthi omncinci we-birch, I-grey birch ( Betula populifolia Ngumthonyama waseMntla Melika kwindawo ye-USDA 4 ukuya ku-6. Umthi ukhula malunga ne-30 yeenyawo ubude kunye ne-20 iinyawo ububanzi ekukhuleni kwaye uvelisa i-bark emdaka ngelixa umthi umncinci, unika indlela emhlophe, e-chalky bark engacimiyo kube kanye aqolileyo. Imithi yegrey birch iyayinyamezelela imihlaba eyomileyo kuninzi lwezihlobo zayo kwaye yenza umzekelo omnandi wexesha elifutshane.
Ukuthenga umthi weBirch
Xa uthengela umthi we-birch ukuthenga, ufuna ukukhangela ophilileyo ngaphandle kwempawu zesifo okanye izinambuzane, ezibonisa ngokubanzi njengamagqabi agqwethiweyo okanye amagqabi atyheli okanye abonwe. Awufuni kuthenga umthi onengcambu oneengcambu ezikhulayo kwimingxunya yezantsi yesikhongozeli, njengoko isenokungasebenzi kakuhle xa sele ityaliwe.
Ukuba uthenga umthi we-birch kwindawo yokugcina izilwanyana okanye umthengisi wezityalo, uya kufumana imithi enonyaka ubudala okanye engaphantsi, njengoko le iyimithi ekhula ngokukhawuleza ekhawulezayo ukufikelela kubude bayo obuvuthiweyo. Abathengisi abaninzi bezityalo ezikwi-Intanethi bathengisa imithi ye-birch kunye nokuthumela ngomthi ngelixa umthi ukwindawo yawo yokulala. Abathengisi bezityalo ezikwi-Intanethi abathengisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithi ye-birch zibandakanya Indalo Hills.com , Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwemithi kwaye I-Tennessee Nursery yokuThengisa .
Ukusetyenziswa komhlaba kunye nokukhethwa kweSiza
Khetha indawo esisigxina kwimbonakalo yomhlaba evumela umthi ukuba ufikelele kubude bawo obuvuthiweyo ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa yimigca yamandla okanye izakhiwo kwaye apho inkqubo yeengcambu zayo ezibuthathaka ingaphazanyiswa. Ke ngoko, ukutyala i-birch ecaleni kwendlela yokuhamba okanye indlela yokuhambahamba apho umhlaba udityaniswe nokusetyenziswa akukwaziswa. Ngenxa yokuba iingcambu zomthi ziya kukhula ziye ngaphantsi nangaphantsi kwesiseko sendlu, tyala kude kude nolwakhiwo ukuze kungabikho monakalo.
Ngamaxolo awo ahlukileyo kunye namagqabi anemibala ekwindla, zonke iintlobo zemithi ye-birch yenza iisampulu ezothusayo kubume bomhlaba. Zisebenza kakuhle zisetyenziswa kwizitiya zomthonyama kunye nemithi yemithi kunye nemithi yemithi yemifula yongeza amehlo kwimilambo okanye kumachibi. Iimpawu zazo zikhonkotha ukongeza umdla xa zityalwe ngemithi emnyama ekhonkothiweyo efana ne-oki. Kuba bewa amagqabi ekwindla, cinga ukutyala kwindawo apho amagqabi awileyo engazukudala mdaka.
Iimeko ezikhethiweyo zokukhula kunye nokuqwalaselwa kokuTyala
Ukuze ii-birches zikhule kwindawo yokubonisa ikhaya kubalulekile ukuba uzityale kwaye uzikhulise kwindawo eneemeko ezikhethiweyo. Bangangxola xa kufikwa kwindalo yabo, kodwa abalimi banokuzinciphisa ezi ngxaki ngokulandela iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zenkcubeko .
Epholileyo, Amabala aMnyama aBalaseleyo
Xa ikhula kwimeko yayo yamahlathi endalo, imithi ye-birch iyachuma kwimihlaba efumileyo epholileyo. Inkqubo yazo yeengcambu ayinzulu, nto leyo ebenza bube buthathaka kwaye bakhule kakubi kwimihlaba eshushu neyomileyo. Kwimbonakalo yelizwe, abagadi begadi kufuneka batyale umthi we-birch kwindawo efumana ilanga ngokupheleleyo, kodwa apho umhlaba uchumile, ufumile kwaye umnyama ukusuka elangeni ukugcina ukuphola kwawo. Ngokubanzi, icala lasempuma nelasentla lekhaya lelona linomthunzi omninzi emva kwemini kwaye linceda ukugcina ukufuma nokuphola komhlaba.
Ukugcinwa komhlaba kunye nokufuma
Imithi yeBirch ikhula kakuhle kwimihlaba ene-asidi eneqondo le-pH phakathi ko-5.0 no-6.5 kwaye ayizukuqhuba kakuhle kwimihlaba ene-alkaline kakhulu. Ngomhlaba we-alkaline, kunzima ukugcina imeko ye-asidi ngaphezulu kobomi bomthi, ke kungcono ukwenza utyalo lokuqala kwimihlaba eneasidi yendalo. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngomhlaba wakho we-pH kwindawo okhethe ukuyityala i-birch, ungathenga umhlaba ongabizi kakhulu umvavanyi we-pH kwaye uvavanye indawo ngaphambi kokutyala.
Nangona yonke imithi ye-birch ikhetha imihlaba egcina ukufuma, ukuba indawo yokutyala inomdla wokukhukula okanye ihlale ingazinzanga, uya kuba nempumelelo enkulu ekukhuliseni i-birch yomlambo kwiindawo ezihlala zimanzi.
amagama athetha ukufa nentshabalalo
Ukugcinwa kweMithi yeBirch
Izenzo ezifanelekileyo zenkcubeko ezinjengokunkcenkceshela, ukuchumisa, ukuthena kunye nokugquma zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso nasekugcinweni komthi webirch okhulayo. Okona kubalulekileyo kwezi zinto kukunkcenkceshela nokudibanisa, njengoko zombini zidala indawo epholileyo kwaye emanzi, efuna ukuba umthi uphumelele.
Umsele
Ngaphandle kwesigcina-kufuma esinenzuzo yobuhle, ukusebenzisa i-mulch phantsi komthi we-birch kugcina umhlaba ufumile ngokugcina amanzi kwaye upholile ehlotyeni ngokulawula ubushushu. Yongeza nezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni njengoko usonakala, unceda ekuxinaneni komhlaba kwaye unciphisa ukukhula okungafunekiyo kokhula okanye ingca. Ukuba nendawo evaliweyo phantsi kombhinqo womthi kunciphisa ukubakho kwezixhobo zotyani ezonakalisa isiqu, esivulela umthi kwiingxaki zezinambuzane nezifo.
Iziciko zendalo, ezinje ngeetshipsi zomthi kunye nomgquba owenziwe ngamagqabi acoliweyo okanye amaxolo acoliweyo, usebenza kakuhle phantsi komthi we-birch. Amatye anemibala ekhanyayo abonakalisa ubushushu belanga kwaye angawufudumeza umhlaba, kwaye amatye anokwenza umhlaba ube nealkaline ngakumbi, zonke ezo zichaphazela kakubi ukukhula kunye nempilo. Xa usebenzisa i-mulch, sebenzisa i-3 - 4 intshi ye-intshi isasazeka ngokulinganayo kwindawo yokutyala. Gcina i mulch ekungqusheni ngomthi kuba inokudala iingxaki zezifo.
Amanzi
Amanzi aneleyo ayimfuneko ngexesha lokukhula kwemithi ye-birch ukuze ikhule kakuhle. Eyona ndlela ilula yokufaka amanzi kukubeka ithumbu kwindawo yokutyala evulekileyo kwaye uyivumele ukuba ithontsize emhlabeni kangangeeyure ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyazalisa iingcambu. Ukuba iimeko zemozulu zomile, sebenzisa amanzi kwi-birch ngeveki. Xa kusondela ukuwa nokulungiselela umthi ebusika, nciphisa usetyenziso lwamanzi kube kanye kwiiveki ezimbini.
Isichumisi
Chumisa imithi ye-birch ngesicelo sonyaka somxube wokukhululwa kancinci one-nitrogen kunye ne-potassium. Landela izikhokelo zephakeji kwixabiso kwaye usasaze imveliso ngokulinganayo phantsi komthi womthi uqiniseke ukuba awusenzi isichumisi esiqwini somthi. Ukuba uziva ngathi umthi unengxaki yokunqongophala kwezondlo, unokwenza uvavanyo lomhlaba wasekhaya ukumisela ukuba zeziphi izakha-mzimba ezisilelayo. Ukuba umhlaba ubumbekile okanye unengxaki yokubaleka kwamanzi, umthi unokufuna ukufakwa kwe-phosphorus kwaye uvavanyo lomhlaba luyoqinisekisa oku. Emva kokufaka isichumisi kule ndawo, soloko unkcenkceshela kakuhle emhlabeni ukunqanda ukutshisa umthi.
Ukuthena
Zonke iintlobo zopha xa zithenwa, ngakumbi ebusika ngasekupheleni kwehlobo xa umthi wopha kakhulu. Ke ngoko, yenza nakuphi na ukusika ukuthena ngexesha lasehlotyeni nasekuqaleni kokuwa. I-bronze birch borer, isitshabalalisi esonakalisayo kwiintlobo ezininzi zemithi ye-birch, nayo ibhabha ekuqaleni kuka-Meyi ukuya ku-Agasti, ke ukuba kukho iimfuno zokuthena ngeli xesha, qiniseka ukunyanga indawo ezisikiweyo ngesibulali zinambuzane ukuthintela ukosuleleka.
Thena imithi emincinci ukwenza ulwakhiwo olomeleleyo ngokususa ukuwela, amasebe abuthathaka kunye nonakeleyo. Ungaze usike ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-25 zekhephu lomthi njengoko uwuvula ungene ekungeneni kokukhanya okugqithileyo, okudala ubushushu obungaphezulu emhlabeni kunye nokudala ilahleko yokufuma. Coca amasebe afileyo okanye agulayo naninina unyaka wonke, usike amacandelo aluhlaza omthi.
Iingxaki zezifo kunye nezifo
Ukubonelela ngemithi ye-birch kunye neemfuno zazo ezizithandayo zenkcubeko njengamanzi, isichumisi, kunye neemeko zomhlaba, kwaye ungalimazi i-bark yomthi ngezixhobo zengca ivelisa imithi esempilweni engadibani nezifo okanye izinambuzane. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izitshabalalisi kunye nezifo zisenokubangela iingxaki, ezihlala zizithambiso kule mithi ngamanye amaxesha igqibeleleyo.
Izinambuzane eziqhelekileyo
Izinambuzane eziqhelekileyo ezinemithi ye-birch zibandakanya i-aphids, webworms, kunye nabasebenzi basezimayini. Izinambuzane zibangela amagqabi amnyama amdaka kwaye ngaphandle kokuba inani lezinambuzane likhulu, aludingi nyango. Kwimeko apho kukho uhlaselo olunzima, iimveliso ezinje nge Bt okanye ispinosad sebenza kakuhle ekulawuleni izitshabalalisi kwaye zikhuselekile kokusingqongileyo. Ngalo lonke ixesha sebenzisa iimveliso emva kwemini xa iimeko zingenelanga.
IBronch Birch Borer
Esona sinambuzane sinokubulala umthi we-birch yile I-borr birch borer. Nangona kunjalo, imithi ye-birch yemveli, enje nge-gir kunye nephepha le-birch, liyamelana nohlaselo lwe-borer. I-borer ayichaphazeli imithi yomthi. Ukunciphisa uhlaselo olunokubakho kwibhreyithi engwevu okanye ephepheni, ukugcina imeko yenkcubeko elungileyo ngokutyala kwindawo efanelekileyo eneemeko zomhlaba okhethiweyo kunye nokugcina umthi unkcenkceshelwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokucuthwa kwesichumiso kunciphise ukubakho kwebror birch borer.
Ibronze ye-birch borer ejikeleze i-½-intshi ubude kwaye imdaka mnyama ngombonakalo wobhedu. Bachaphazela imithi ye-birch ngoMeyi bebeka izibungu zabo phantsi kwexolo, ezenza iitonela njengoko zisitya kwi-phloem yesiqu kwaye ziqandusele abantu abadala entwasahlobo. Ooqongqothwane abadala babangela nje ukuba benzakalise izithambiso njengoko besitya amagqabi, kodwa imibungu iphazamisa umthi ukuhambisa amanzi kunye nezakhamzimba kwaye ukuba ayinyangwa kwinqanaba lokuqala, ikhokelela ekwehleni komthi kwaye ekugqibeleni kufa.
Umthi we-birch ubonakalisa imiqondiso yokuhlaselwa sisifo ngokuthe ngcembe ukubhubha de wonke umthi ufe. Unyango luyasebenza ukuba lwenziwe kumqondiso wokuqala wesinambuzane. Sebenzisa imveliso equlathe bifenthrin okanye imvume kwaye ndizalise zonke iinxalenye zomthi. Ukuba umthi mkhulu, kuya kufuneka ubize ingcali ukufikelela kuzo zonke iindawo.
Isifo
Njengakwiingxaki zezinambuzane, eyona ndlela yokuthintela izifo kugcina umthi usempilweni. Amabala egqabi kunye neenkonkxa zibangela iingxaki zokuthambisa kwaye amanye amasebe anokufa aphulukane namagqabi. Nyanga ngokusika iziqwenga zomthi ezichaphazelekayo, ufune kwaye ulahle nawaphi na amahlamvu awileyo.
Ubuhle beBirch
Ngokukhetha umthi we-birch ofanelekileyo kwimozulu yakho kunye neemeko, uya kuyonwabisa umhlaba wakho ngobuhle bawo beminyaka. Isenokuba yinto encinci kakhulu kunye neemfuno zayo zokhathalelo, kodwa i-bark enomtsalane, umkhwa ococekileyo kunye nokongezwa kombala ngexesha lekwindla kwenza ukuba kulungele ukuhoywa okungaphezulu.
