Ukuqhawula umtshatoithathwa njengenye ye Iziganeko ezintlanu eziphezulu zoxinzelelo umntu unamava. Kubafazi abaqhawule umtshato, okuuxinzelelo lunokunyukangokujongana nemeko yakhe entsha yezemali.
Ukujongana nemiba yemali yoqhawulo mtshato
UGabrielle Hartley , umlamli woqhawulo mtshato kunye negqwetha nombhali wale ncwadi Ngcono ukwahlukana: Indlela eNgcono ngokuPheleleyo yokwahlulahlula Ucacisa ukuba kukho okungaphezulu kunezezimali ezibandakanyekayo xa umfazi eqhawula umtshato. Kwiminyaka engama-25 yamava, ufumanise ukuba 'uninzi lwabasetyhini, kwanabo bafunde kakhulu, banolwazi oluncinci malunga nemali yobuqu okanye imali yosapho.' Nje ukuba umntu obhinqileyo ajongane nale nyani emva koqhawulo-mtshato, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba neentloni kunye noxinzelelo ngenxa yokuswela kwabo ulwazi.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo- Iingcebiso ngeenkcukacha zoqhawulo mtshato
- Ukulinda Indoda Eqhawula Umtshato
- Iingcebiso zoMama abangatshatanga
Amanyathelo amabini abalulekileyo okuLawula iMali yakho
UHartley ucebisa abantu abaqhawule umtshato ukuba bahambe ngamanyathelo amabini. Eyokuqala kukuba 'uzinike imvume yokuzixolela ngazo zonke izigqibo zemali kunye nokhetho olwenzileyo okanye osilele ukulwenza ngexesha lomtshato wakho.' Okwesibini kukumisela ukuba uphi na ngokwasezimalini. Ungakwenza oku ngokugcwalisa 'ifom yezemali apho ubala iimpahla zakho, amatyala, umvuzo kunye nenkcitho.' Ungasebenzisa le bhalansi kwiphepha ukuze 'uhambise phambili ngamandla nangaphaya koqhawulo-mtshato lwakho.' Kukwabalulekile ukuseka uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwexesha elizayo, kwaye ukuba unabantwana, babandakanye kwinkqubo kwaye baqonde ukuba kutheni iindleko zinokufuna ukunciphisa ukuze wakhe ubomi obutsha kunye.
Sebenzisa iMithombo yezeMfundo kwi-Intanethi
UHartley ucebisa abantu basetyhini ukuba bacinge ngokusebenza noMcwangcisi wezezimali oQinisekisiweyo. Ukongeza, kukho izixhobo ezininzi kwi-Intanethi kubafazi abaqhawule umtshato:
- Ukuba awazi ukuba uqale ngaphi xa kuziwa kulungelelwaniso kunye nokwenza intlawulo aImali yoqhawulo-mtshato kwi-spreadsheetinokukunceda ungene kumkhondo olungileyo.
- Sebenzisa indawo yasimahla kwi-Intanethi ukukunceda uphonononge iimali zakho, wenze uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali kwaye ujonge inkqubela yakho enje IMint.com
- Amanenekazi eSavvy ngumbutho ongenzi nzuzo obonelela ngemfundo yasimahla yezemali kubafazi kubandakanya iiwebhu kunye nomnxeba woncedo osimahla wezezimali.
- Inkqubo ye- IZiko laBasetyhini leMfundo yezeMali unikezela simahla ' NgoMgqibelo wesibini Iindibano zocweyo zoqhawulo mtshato kuzwelonke. Oomasifundisane babonelela ngemfundo yezemali kunye nolwazi lomthetho kunye nenkxaso yoontanga. Indawo yeWIFE ikwanobutyebi bolwazi lwezezimali kubafazi.
Thetha noMcwangcisi weqabane lakho
Nangona uninzi lwabasetyhini lungayi kucinga ukwenza oku, uqhawulo mtshato URussell D. Knight ubacebisa ukuba bathethe nomcebisi wezezimali kwiqabane labo langaphambili. U Knight uthi, 'umcebisi wezezimali wayeziphethe kakuhle iimali zakho phambi koqhawulo-mtshato kwaye uyayazi imeko yakho yezemali ngaphambi nasemva koqhawulo mtshato. Ukuba umcebisi uya kuba neengcebiso ngezemali kumyeni owayesakuba ngumyeni, 'oku kusebenza ngokulinganayo kulowo wayesakuba ngumfazi.' U Knight ufumanise ukuba abacebisi ngezezimali 'bayonwabile ukuthetha nomfazi wangaphambili malunga nokufumana umthengi omtsha, okanye ubuncinci kunxibelelwano.'
Qonda iAlimony yakho
Ukuba umiselwe ukufumana intlawulo yesondlo njengenxalenye yesivumelwano soqhawulo mtshato, kubalulekile ukuba uyiqonde ngokupheleleyo ishedyuli yokuhlawula. Ngokutsho koMcwangcisi wezezimali oqinisekisiweyo UZach Morris , Kuya kufuneka uyazi, 'ngaba ingunaphakade, ngaba iyancipha emva kweminyaka eliqela, ngaba iyatshintsha ukuba uhlala nomntu, njl. Ukuba uyaziqonda kakuhle imali kunye neshedyuli, ungasebenzisa oku 'ukukunceda ucwangcisele ikamva kwaye ukuba awuyidingi yonke inkxaso, unokusebenzisa enye loo mali ukuyongela umhlalaphantsi. '
Ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi koqhawulo mtshato
UBrad Renfro, PhD, iCFP, icebisa abo baqhawule umtshato ukuba bacinge malunga nokucwangcisela umhlala-phantsi kwangoko kunokuba bethathe kamva. 'Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi xa iqabane lakho langaphambili linengeniso ephezulu okanye izibonelelo ezingcono zomhlala-phantsi emsebenzini, njengegalelo elikhulu elingange-401K.' Ukuba iakhawunti yomhlala-phantsi yahlulwa phakathi kwenu nobabini njengenxalenye yesivumelwano soqhawulo-mtshato, kuya kufuneka uphonononge isicwangciso sakho 'ukubona ukuba akukho nto ufuna ukuyilungisa' njengomvuzo omtsha, umvuzo ophantsi unokuthetha ukuba 'awenzi nkqubela phambili ngeqondo elifanayo kwakhona. '
Iinkcukacha zoLwazi loMhlala-phantsi
IZiko laBasetyhini loMhlala-phantsi oKhuselekileyo Ukubonelela ngolwazi lwasimahla kwi-Intanethi kwabasetyhini ukuphucula ikamva labo lexesha elide. MyMoney.Gov yindawo yasimahla eveliswe yiFederal Financial Literacy and Education Commission. Indawo inikezela ngemfundo yezemali kunye nezixhobo ezikwi-Intanethi ezinje ngeekhawuntali, amaphepha okusebenzela kunye noluhlu lokutshekisha abantu abakha iimali zabo emva komsitho obalulekileyo wobomi njengokuqhawula umtshato.
Uncedo lwezeMali ngeeBhili zoMthetho
Abanye bathi bancedisa ngokuhlawula iindleko zenkundla ngokuyekisa kunye noncedo ngeiinkonzo zomthetho.
- Inkqubo ye- Umbutho wamagqwetha aseMelika unikezela ngoluhlu lwamazwe ngurhulumente lwamaziko eenkonzo zeentsapho ezinokukunika ulwazi malunga nokukhutshwa kwemali yenkundla. Ukuba ilizwe lakho alidweliswanga, nxibelelana neofisi yommeli wesithili sakho sokudluliselwa kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente wakho.
- IQumrhu leeNkonzo zoMthetho Unceda abantu abanemivuzo ephantsi ngeulwazi olusemthethweninoncedo kwilizwe labo.
- I-Stateside esemthethweni Unceda amalungu omkhosi, amagqala kunyeIintsapho zabongoncedo lwamaxabiso aphantsi.
- LawHelp.org inikeza isikhombisi kumaziko oncedo lwezomthetho asekuhlaleni kunye nokunxibelelana neearhente zenkonzo zentlalo yabantu abanomvuzo ophantsi.
Uqeqesho lomsebenzi kunye noNcedo lwezeMfundo
Uninzi lwabasetyhini abaqhawule umtshato bazifumana kufuneka babuyele emsebenzini emva kokungabikho ixesha elide. Okanye banokuziva isidingo sokuqinisa imvelaphi yabo yemfundo ukuze bafumane izikhundla ezingcono zokuhlawula ukuphulukana nengeniso.
- Nxibelelana nelizwe lakho Iarhente yabasebenzi yoqeqesho kunye noncedo lwemfundo njengokunceda ekufumaneni umsebenzi, amathuba oqeqesho kunye nenkxaso yemfundo yabantu abadala.
- Zininzi isibonelelo kunye nemali yokufunda iinkqubo zabafazi abajonga kuzo buyela esikolweni . Inkqubo ye- Uncedo lwaMatyala eMfundi Uluhlu lwewebhusayithi uluhlu lweenkqubo zabucala kunye noluntu lweeklabhu zokufunda zabafundi abangaqhelekanga.
- Ukongeza kwiinkqubo zikazwelonke, nxibelelana neQela lezoRhwebo kunye neeklabhu zenkonzo (okt Rotary Club, Soroptimist) uninzi lubonelela ngezifundo zasekhaya zabafazi.
- Izibonelelo zolusu zenzelwe abafundi abanengeniso ephantsi kunye nabazali abangenamaqabane abafuna ukuya ekholejini bakhuthazwa ngakumbi ukuba bafake izicelo. Inkqubo ibonelela nge- $ 5,920 ngonyaka. Enye inkqubo yi Isibonelelo seFederal Supplemental Opportunity Grant ebonelela nge- $ 100 ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4,000 yeedola rhoqo ngonyaka.
- Amazwe amaninzi abonelela ngenkxaso mali kunye neenkqubo zokubolekwa kwabafundi koomama abangatshatanga abafuna ukufumana isidanga sasekholejini. Nxibelelana ne- ngurhulumente uncedo lwezemali ukubona ukuba zeziphi iinkqubo ezikhoyo.
- Ulawulo lwamashishini amancinci (SBA) Amaziko oShishino lwaBasetyhini Kuwo onke amazwe azinikeleyo ukunceda abasetyhini abafuna ukuqala ishishini labo. Uninzi lwabasetyhini abaqhawule umtshato bafuna ukuqala amashishini amancinci njengoko kunokuba luncedo kakhulu kunokubuyela emsebenzini kwaye kunokwenza kube lula ukukhulisa abantwana ukuba angathethathethana neshedyuli yakhe.
- Nazi Izibonelelo ezinikezelwe kumashishini aphethwe ngabasetyhini nge-SBA, i-Arhente yoPhuhliso lwamaShishini amaNcinci kunye neearhente zenkxaso mali zabucala.
Uncedo Loluntu
Urhulumente wobumbano kunye namazwe ngamanye abonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zoncedo ezinokunceda ikakhulu abo bafumana umvuzo omncinci kunye nabantwana.
- Usenokulungela ukufumana ivawutsha yezindlu, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiCandelo 8. ISebe lezeZindlu noPhuhliso lweeDolophu linayo iiarhente zezindlu zoluntu enokukunika ulwazi ngenkqubo yokwenza isicelo. Ulungelelwaniso lusekwe kwingeniso yakho nakwingeniso yemedian yendawo ohlala kuyo.
- Inkqubo ye- Inkqubo yokuNcedisa iSondlo (I-SNAP) ineeofisi zeli lizwe ezibonelela ngezitampu zokutya kwiintsapho ezinengeniso ephantsi. Kukho kwakhona Uqikelelo lwezibonelelo lwe-SNAP Unokusebenzisa ukumisela isibonelelo sakho se-SNAP ngokuxhomekeke kumvuzo wakho wenyanga kunye nenani lamalungu osapho.
- Ukuba unabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5, i Abafazi, Iintsana naBantwana (WIC) Inkqubo inokubonelela ngezibonelelo zokutya ezithile ezinje ngobisi kunye nemveliso.
- Abantwana bakho banokufanelekela iNkqubo ye-Inshurensi yezeMpilo yaBantwana (CHIP). I-CHIP yenzelwe iintsapho ezinemali engaphezulu kwemida yeMedicaid kwaye ilizwe ngalinye lineemfuno ezahlukeneyo. Eyakho urhulumente we-Medicaid unokubonelela ngolwazi lwesicelo.
- Ukuba ungasebenzisa uncedo ekuhlawuleni ityala lakho lefowuni, inkqubo yeLifeline inika abantu abanemivuzo ephantsi isaphulelo se- $ 9.25 ngenyanga. Kuya kufuneka ube nengeniso elingana okanye engaphantsi kwe-135% ye- izikhokelo zentlupheko . Kukho ifayile ye- Isixhobo sokujonga ukufaneleka kwi-Intanethi kubafaki zicelo.
- Inkqubo ye- INkqubo eNcinci yokuNceda aMandla eKhaya (LIHEAP) ibonelela ngezibonelelo zexabiso lezixhobo. Ulungelelwaniso lusekwe kwingeniso kunye nemfuno ebonakalisiweyo yokufumana uncedo kwizixhobo zakho zasekhaya.
- Uncedo lwethutyana kwiintsapho ezihlwempuzekileyo (I-TANF) ibonelela ngenkxaso mali encinci ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-5.
IziBonelelo zezeNtlalo
'Uqhawulo mtshato' luyanda ngokwanda kwabantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu. Phakathi kuka-1990 ukuya ku-2010, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba Inani loqhawulo mtshato liphindwe kabini kwaye iyaqhubeka nokuphakama. Ukuba uqhawulo-mtshato lwakho lwenzeka xa uneminyaka engama-62 okanye ngaphezulu, kwaye umtshato wakho uthathe iminyaka eli-10 ubuncinci, ungafumana isabelo izibonelelo zokhuselo loluntu kwiqabane lakho langaphambili. Ukuba izibonelelo zakho ezisekwe kwimbali yakho yomsebenzi ziphantsi, oku kunokuba yinto ebhetele kuwe. Isixa-mali sisiqingatha sesixa esipheleleyo seqabane lakho langaphambili, kwaye sisebenza kumhlala-phantsi okanye kwizibonelelo zokukhubazeka. Oku kusebenza ukuba awutshatanga kwaye uqala ukuthatha izibonelelo uneminyaka engama-65 okanye ngaphezulu.
Izibonelelo Zasekhaya
Ukongeza kwimithombo ye-Intanethi kunye neenkqubo zikarhulumente, abasetyhini banokujonga iinkonzo kuluntu lwabo kubafazi abaqhawule umtshato. Iicawa zakho zasekuhlaleni kunye neearhente zenkonzo yabucala zabucala zinokuba ngumthombo wenkxaso kunye nezixhobo, kunye nabahlobo kunye nosapho. Nxibelelana nesixeko sakho okanye iofisi yaseburhulumenteni yaseburhulumenteni okanye i-ofisi zoncedo zalapha ekhaya, ezinje ngengingqi yakho Indlela emanyeneyo . Banokuba ngumthombo wezinto ezingenzi nzuzo zasekuhlaleni kunye nesisa sabucala ngeenkqubo kunye neenkonzo ezenzelwe ukunceda abasetyhini kunye neentsapho. Abasetyhini kufuneka bakuthathele ingqalelo ngokukuko ukusebenza nomcebisi wezezimali ukukunceda ujonge izinto ezibalulekileyo ezinje:
- Ukugcina umdla ongaqinisekiswanga kwi-inshurensi yobomi yeqabane langaphambili ukubonelela abantwana bakho;
- Isibonelelo sesivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato sabantwana bakho ukuba uyaphinda utshate;
- Ukufumana i-inshurensi yokhathalelo lwexesha elide kunye nezinye iindlela zomhlalaphantsi;
- Ukuphuhlisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali olufanelekileyo kunye nokuhlangabezana namatyala.
Impembelelo yoQhawulo-mtshato kwezemali
Uqhawulo-mtshato lunokuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu kwimeko yemali yomfazi, ngakumbi ukubakukho abantwanakwaye ugcina ilungelo lokugcina umntwana. Abanyeizibalo ezixhalabisayomalunga nabafazi kuqhawulo mtshato kubandakanya:
- Umfazi oqhawule umtshato kunokwenzeka ukuba angamboni umgangatho wokuhla kwethontsi kangange 73%.
- Umyinge wemali yenkxaso yomntwana efunyenweyo ngu $ 329 ngenyanga kwaye malunga ne-30% inxenye okanye ayifumaneki.
- Malunga neepesenti ezingama-47 zeentsapho ezakhokelwa ngumtshato woqhawulo-mtshato zifikelela ubuncinci uhlobo loncedo loluntu kwaye malunga nesinye kwisithathu soomama abaqhawule umtshato bafumana izitampu zokutya.
- Iindleko zemirhumo yezomthetho zinokuphakathi malunga ne- $ 3,500 umntu ngamnye , ngeli xabiso liyancipha ukuba uqhawulo-mtshato luhamba ngoxolo kwaye luyaphindaphindeka okanye luphindwe kathathu okanye nangaphezulu ukuba ukumangalelwa kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo ziyabandakanyeka.
Ezi ndleko, kunye nezinye ezichazwe apha ngasentla, ziyinxalenye nje yesizathu sokuba abasetyhini kufuneka bayazi imeko yabo yezezimali ngaphambi, ngexesha, nasemva koqhawulo-mtshato.
Khusela ikamva lakho lezemali
Uqhawulo-mtshato, nokuba luxolile, ngamava oxinzelelo kwaye angathandekiyo kwabasetyhini anokudityaniswa ngokujongana nokwehla okukhulu kwengeniso. Lukho uncedo olufumanekayo kubafazi abaqhawule umtshato kwaye kokukhona ukhuthele ngakumbi malunga nophando lwabo, kokukhona liya kuba namandla ikamva lakho lezemali.
