Ukufunda iimpawu ekwabelwana ngazo ze-autism kunye nokudodobala kwengqondo kunokukunceda ufune isifo esichanekileyo. Autism kunye nokudodobala kwengqondo ziimeko ezimbini ezahlukileyo zemithambo-luvo ezineempawu ezifanayo kunye nolwahluko obalulekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha abazali banengxaki yokufumana isifo esichanekileyo xa umntwana ene-autism okanye ukukhubazeka kwengqondo ngenxa yeempawu ekwabelwana ngazo ezijongana nokulibaziseka kophuhliso, iingxaki zonxibelelwano, ubunzima bokufunda kunye nokuzikhathalela.
Autism
Autism sisifo esigcweleyo sokukhula (PDD) esichaphazela ukukhula kwengqondo ikakhulu kunxibelelwano, ukukhula kolwimi kunye nezakhono zentlalo. Yenye yee-PDD ezintlanu, ezibandakanya i-Asperger's syndrome, i-X syndrome e-ethe-ethe, isifo se-Rett kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuphazamiseka komntwana kunye nokuchaphazeleka kokukhula kokungakhethi-okunye-okuchaziweyo (PDD-NOS).
Ukudodobala ngengqondo okanye ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
Ukudodobala kwengqondo, okwaziwa njengokukhubazeka kwengqondo, luhlobo lokukhubazeka okuphuhlisayo okuvelisa umda obonakalayo ekusebenzeni kwengqondo kunye nokuziphatha okuguqukayo. Oku kusikelwa umda kukhokelela kwiingxaki zokuqiqa, ukufunda okanye ukusombulula iingxaki kunye nonxibelelwano kunye nobunzima bezakhono zentlalo.
Iimpawu ezabiweyo ze-Autism kunye nokudodobala kwengqondo
Ukusukela ekubeni i-autism kunye nokukhubazeka ngokwengqondo kufana, ukuxilongwa ngamanye amaxesha kunzima kubuntwana. Iimpawu ekwabelwana ngazo ze-autism kunye nokudodobala kwengqondo zinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:
- Ukulibaziseka ekukhuleni komntwana
- Intetho enomda kunye nesigama
- Iingxaki zokuqonda ukuqondiswa ngomlomo kunye nokulandela umkhombandlela
- Ubunzima bokufunda
- Iingxaki zokuqwalaselwa
- Kunzima ukunxibelelana noontanga
- Akukho kudlala ngathi
- Kufuneka uqeqesho lwezakhono zobomi kunye noncedo lokuzinakekela nokuzikhusela
- I-echolalia okanye amagama aphindayo kunye namabinzana ngaphandle komxholo
- Ukuziphatha okuphindaphindayo okanye imisebenzi yokuthambisa yokuzivuselela ngokwakho, njengokuqhwanyaza izandla okanye ukubetha ngapha nangapha
- Imicimbi yokulungiswa kwemvakalelo, enokubangela ukuphendula okungaqhelekanga kunambitha, ivumba, ukubona okanye isandi
- Iimpawu ziyahluka kwaye zihluka ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima
- Ezona ndlela zokuSebenza zibalaseleyo zabantwana abasele benesifo seAthism
- Imidlalo yeBongo Autistic
- Ezona Zinto zokudlala ziBalaseleyo kubantwana abaneAutism
Umahluko phakathi kweAutism nokudodobala kwengqondo
Ngaphandle kokufana phakathi kwe-autism kunye nokudodobala kwengqondo, kukho umahluko okhoyo phakathi kwe-autism kunye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo, njengoku kulandelayo:
- Amatyala e-Autism ayahluka kuluhlu lwe-IQ, zombini kunye nangaphezulu kweziphumo zovavanyo. Ngapha koko, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba abantu abane-autism eqatha babe ne-IQ engama-70 okanye ngaphantsi. Abanye abantu abane-autism banee-IQ eziphezulu, kwaye inani elincinci labantu lijongwa njengenqanaba lobukrelekrele. Oku kwahlukile kubantu abakhubazeke ngokwengqondo ngokubanzi abanee-IQs ezingama-70.
- Umntu okhubazeke ngengqondo uyakhula kwaye asebenze kancinci kunontanga yakhe kodwa afumane izakhono kwangoko. Umntu onenkqubela phambili ye-autism akanako ukusikwa ngokucacileyo. Umntu one-autistic angenza inkqubela phambili kwezinye iindawo ngokulula kodwa abe nobunzima kwizakhono, ezinje ngolwimi, unxibelelwano kunye nokunxibelelana kwezentlalo.
- Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kunokuza nemingeni yokuthetha kunye nesigama kodwa kungabi kwinqanaba elifanayo ne-autism enzima, enokunika umntu ongeyonto.
- Umntu one-autism unokufumana ukungabinangqondo okanye abonakale eswele uvelwano kwabanye ngenxa yeengxaki zokuqonda iimvakalelo kunye nokuphendula kweemvakalelo zabanye. I-Mindblindness ayifani nokuwohloka kwengqondo.
Ukudityaniswa kwe-Autism kunye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo
Esinye isizathu sokuba ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo ngamanye amaxesha kunzima kukudodobala kwe-autism kunye nokudodobala kwengqondo, xa umntu ene-autism kunye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo. Xa oku kusenzeka, ugqirha unokuphoswa yenye yeemeko ngexesha lokuchongwa. Ukuchongwa kwazo zonke iimeko zonyango kunokunceda abazali ukuba bafumane unyango olufanelekileyo kumntwana ochaphazelekayo. Abazali abafuna ukuxilongwa kufuneka benze uphando ngazo zonke iimpawu, iimeko ezinxulumene noko kwaye bafumane ubuncinci iimbono ezimbini zonyango ukuqinisekisa isifo.
