Umkhuhlane Wesisu Kubantwana abaSakhasayo: oonobangela, iimpawu kunye noNyango lwaseKhaya

Amagama Aphezulu Ebantwaneni

Umgangatho:

Umhla Wokuzalwa:

Thumela

Ndithumele Nge-Imeyile Veza Kwindawo

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• Yintoni umkhuhlane wesisu?
• Yintoni ebangela umkhuhlane wesisu?
• Ufumana njani umkhuhlane wesisu umntwana oselula?
• Zeziphi iimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu kubantwana abaselula?
• Yintoni unyango lomkhuhlane wesisu?
• Ngawaphi amayeza asekhaya omkhuhlane wesisu?
• Yintoni yokondla umntwana osakhulayo ngomkhuhlane wesisu?
• Zeziphi iingxaki zomkhuhlane wesisu phakathi kwabantwana abaselula?
• Indlela yokuthintela umkhuhlane wesisu kubantwana abaselula?

I-Gastroenteritis, eyaziwa ngokuba ngumkhuhlane wesisu, ibangelwa ngenxa yosulelo emathunjini. Isenokuchaphazela iintsana kunye nabantwana abaselula, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu zempilo. Umkhuhlane wesisu kubantwana abancinci unokuba nezinto ezininzi ezibangelayo, kodwa intsholongwane yomkhuhlane eqhelekileyo ayinaxanduva lokosulelo (Nye) .

Funda esi sithuba njengoko sixoxa ngomkhuhlane wesisu kubantwana abaselula, oonobangela bawo, unyango, kunye neendlela zokulawula usulelo ngamanye amayeza asekhaya.

Yintoni Umkhuhlane Wesisu kuBantwana?

Umkhuhlane wesisu lusulelo oluchaphazela iindawo ezithile zesisu (Mbini) . Idla ngokubizwa ngokuba 'sisigubungelo sesisu,' usulelo lukhula xa iintsholongwane zihlasela umjelo wesisu kwaye zibangele ukudumba okuxhaphakileyo kwenkqubo yokwetyisa, yenze ukuba ingasebenzi.

Usulelo lunokuchaphazela nayiphi na inxalenye yenkqubo yokugaya-ukusuka kwisisu ukuya emathunjini amakhulu. Ukubulawa kweebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane kubangela olu sulelo kwiintsana.

[Funda: Izizathu zeentlungu zesisu kubantwana abancinci ]

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Yintoni Ebangela Umkhuhlane Wesisu Kubantwana abaSakhasayo?

Ezi zilandelayo zezona zifo zixhaphakileyo ezibangela i-gastroenteritis kubantwana abaselula (3) :

1. Iintsholongwane

• i-rotavirus
• Norovirus
• Sapovirus
• Adenovirus
• Astrovirus
• I-Enterovirus

2. Iintsholongwane

• Salmonella
• Staphylococcus
• Campylobacter jejuni
• Escherichia coli
• Shigela
• Yersinia enterocolitica
• Ikholera yeVibrio

3. Iiprotozoans kunye nezifunxi-gazi

• Giardia lamblia
• Entamoeba histolytica
• I-Cryptosporidium
• Strongyloides stercoralis

Iintsholongwane zizodwa zinegalelo malunga ne-75-90% yezehlo zomkhuhlane wesisu phakathi kwabantwana abancinci (4) . I-Rotavirus yimbangela ehamba phambili ye-gastroenteritis emhlabeni ngelixa i-norovirus sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo se-gastroenteritis e-US. (5) . IiParasites ziba ngaphantsi kwe-5% yamatyala.

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Abantwana abaSakhasayo bawufumana njani umkhuhlane wesisu?

Umthombo ophambili we-pathogens yomkhuhlane wesisu ngu ukutya namanzi angcolileyo. Kuba abantwana abancinci betya ukutya okwahlukeneyo, banokuba semngciphekweni wokosuleleka kuneentsana ezincanciswa ibele lodwa. Iintsholongwane zidla ngokuthatha ilindle lomlomo xa ukutya namanzi zidibana nelindle elosulelekileyo.

uthuli luthuli nothuthu

Izinto ezingcolisekileyo njengezinto zokudlala zomntwana, isihlalo sendlu yangasese okanye isitulo esenziwe ngembiza sinokuthwala iintsholongwane ezibangela umkhuhlane ezikhula ngokulula kumphezulu kangangeentsuku kunye. Ukuba umntu kwintsapho une-gastroenteritis, ngoko unokudlulisela isifo kumntwana ngokuchukumisa izinto zomntwana ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla ngokufanelekileyo.

Iintsana ezifumana intsholongwane okanye i-pathogen ziya kuqalisa ukubonisa iimpawu zale meko kungekudala.

[Funda: Ungakuyeka njani ukugabha kubantwana abancinci ]

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Zeziphi iimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu kubantwana abancinci?

Iimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu zinokuthatha usuku okanye ezimbini ukuvela (6) . Umntwana osakhasayo onomkhuhlane wesisu uya kubonisa ezi mpawu zilandelayo zesimo (7) :

• Urhudo
• Ukugabha
• Isicaphucaphu
• Iintlungu zesisu
• Ukungacaceli ukutya
• Ifiva
• Ukucaphuka kunye nokuxambulisana nentloko ebuhlungu

Urhudo kunye nokugabha zezinye zeempawu zokuqala ezibonisa ukuba kukho undonakele kumzila wesisu somntwana. Umkhuhlane wesisu unokuba yingozi, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu, kufuneka use umntwana oselula kugqirha ukuze axilongwe kwaye anyangwe.

Ufunyaniswa Njani Umkhuhlane Wesisu?

Nantsi indlela ugqirha wabantwana oya kuwuxilonga ngayo umkhuhlane wesisu kubantwana abancinci:

Uxilongo lweempawu:Kwiimeko ezininzi, ugqirha unokubona imeko ngokuhlola iimpawu. Ukuba iinkcukacha zeempawu azanelanga okanye azigqibekanga, ngoko ugqirha uya kuqhubeka kwezinye iindlela zokuxilonga.

Uvavanyo lwesitulo:Uvavanyo lwesitulo lunceda ukufumanisa unobangela ochanekileyo we-gastroenteritis. Isampulu yesitulo iqokelelwa ukuze kuhlalutywe elabhoratri ukuchonga intsholongwane ebangela usulelo.

Uvavanyo lwegazi:Uvavanyo lwegazi lumisela ubukho bentsholongwane egazini kunye nezilwa-buhlungu eziveliswa yinkqubo yokhuselo lomzimba.

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Luyintoni Unyango Lomkhuhlane Wesisu Kubantwana abaSakhasayo?

Unyango luxhomekeke kunobangela osisiseko womkhuhlane wesisu. La mayeza alandelayo anceda ukunyanga usulelo:

Ukubuyisela amanzi emanzininceda ukubuyisela iityuwa eziyimfuneko ezilahlekileyo ngumzimba ngenxa yorhudo.
• Ukuba ibhaktheriya yimbangela yokusuleleka, ngoko ugqirha uya kumisela antibiotics.
I-Anti-parasiticamayeza asebenza ngokuchasene ne-parasites kunye neeprotozoans.Amayeza e-analgesicnceda uthobe iintlungu kunye nokungonwabi okubangelwa sisifo se-gastroenteritis. Bakwasebenza ekunciphiseni umkhuhlane.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iityuwa zokubuyisela amanzi emanzini kuphela kweyeza elicetyiswayo kwi-gastroenteritis. Iingcali zonyango zithi olona nyango lunokufunwa ngumntwana wakho kukuphumla ebhedini kunye nolwelo oluninzi. Funda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokunyamekela umntwana ekhaya.

[Funda: Iimbangela zeSirhudo kuBantwana ]

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Amayeza aseKhaya kumkhuhlane wesisu kuBantwana

Ukhathalelo lwasekhaya ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza komntwana osakhulayo. Nantsi into ekufuneka uyenzile ukonga usana lwakho lubuyele empilweni (8) :

Nika ulwelo oluninzi:

• Nika umntwana wakho ohambahambayo iincindi ezincinci zolwelo imini yonke. Musa ukumvumela umntwana ukuba asele yonke ngexesha elinye, njengoko oko kunokumenza akhuphe.

• Iintsana ezincancisa kuphela zinokongezwa ngobisi.

• Abantwana abancinci banokuba namanzi alula kunye nezisombululo zomlomo ze-electrolyte, ezikwabizwa ngokuba yi-oral rehydration salts (ORS), njengePedialyte. Abantwana abaselula banokuncanciswa nabo.

• Ubungakanani be-ORS okufuneka uyinike umntwana wakho ohambahambayo buxhomekeke kubunzima bakhe. IWorld Health Organization (WHO) icebisa ukuba uphindaphinde ubunzima bomntwana ohambahambayo ngeekhilogram ngama-75 ukuze ufike kumthamo weORS owufunayo ngeemililitha. (9) . Nika isixa esicetyiswayo se-ORS kwiiyure ezine zokuqala. Unokumnika ngakumbi kamva ukuba umntwana usemanzini.

• Unganika umntwana ubisi olungumgubo okanye ubisi lwebele, kodwa luphephe ubisi lwesilwanyana kuba isisu somntwana sinokuba nengxaki yokulutyisa. (10) .

Ukuphumla kubalulekile:

• Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uphumle kakhulu. Ukuphumla ebhedini kunika umzimba ixesha lokulwa usulelo.

• Kuphephe ukuthumela umntwana osakhasayo ukuba aye kudlala okanye azibandakanye kwimidlalo eqatha kunye nemisebenzi.

• Ukulala ngokwaneleyo kukwabalulekile ukuze uchache ngokukhawuleza.

Ukhathalelo lwasekhaya kuphela lunokunceda umntwana wakho oselula azive engcono kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Ukugabha kudla ngokuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa urhudo lunokuqhubeka kangangeeveki ezimbalwa (Shumi elinanye) . Usulelo luphelile ngokupheleleyo ekupheleni kweeveki ezimbini.

Qhubeka nokhathalelo lwasekhaya ixesha elide lokuzalisa ulwelo kunye neekhalori ezilahlekileyo ngumntwana. Ukunyamekela ngokufanelekileyo ekhaya kukwabandakanya ukunika usana ukutya okufanelekileyo.

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Yintoni Eya Kutyiswa Umntwana Onomkhuhlane Wesisu?

Ungondla ngokukhuselekileyo ezi zinto zilandelayo zokutya kumntwana wakho ohambahambayo ngomkhuhlane wesisu:

Iibhananainokunceda ukulawula ilindle elixegayo kwaye idla ngokucetyiswa kubantwana abanomkhuhlane wesisu. Hlaba ibhanana kwaye ulume kancinci xa umntwana wakho omncinci eziva elambile.

• Ama-apile nawo alula esiswini kwaye aqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana isondlo.

Umhluziinkulu kuba ilulwelo ubukhulu becala. Unokwenza inkukhu okanye umhluzi wemifuno ukuze umntwana wakho azalise i-micronutrients ebalulekileyo elahlekileyo ngenxa yohudo kunye nokuhlanza.

I-oats kunye nerayisizithambile esiswini kwaye kulula ukwetyisa. Ungayicola irayisi ebilisiweyo kwaye uyinike umntwana omncinci. I-oats zizityebi kwifayibha kwaye ayinayo igluten. Bagcina isisu somntwana wakho sigcwele ixesha elide.

Iicrackerskunye ne-toast yenza isidlo esigqwesileyo sabantwana abancinci abane-gastroenteritis. Unokubanika phakathi kokutya.

iyogathiyiprobiotic kwaye idla ngokucetyiswa kubantu abadala abanomkhuhlane wesisu. Into entle ngayo kukuba ungamnika nomntwana wakho. Ungazisa iyogathi xa uneenyanga ezisithoba. Qala ngamancinci amancinci kwaye ngokukhawuleza wenze inxalenye yokutya komntwana. Qaphela ukuba unako ukunika umntwana ubisi lwenkomo kuphela emva kweenyanga ezili-12 ubudala (12) .

Ubisi lwebele:Ubisi lwebele kokona kutya kukhuselekileyo kusana lwakho okanye kusana lwakho njengoko kungekho xesha likhethekileyo lokuyeka ukuncancisa. Ubisi lwebele luqulethe ulwelo kunye nee-electrolytes ezinokunceda umntwana azive ngcono kwaye azalise iityuwa ezilahlekileyo ngenxa yorhudo. (13) . Iingcali zikwaqaphela ukuba kukho iimeko ezimbalwa ze-gastroenteritis phakathi kweentsana ezincancisayo kunezo zityiswa ibhotile.

Yondla usana lwakho okanye umntwana oselula kuphela xa ekwamkele ukutya. Bondle ngamaqhekezana amancinane ngamaxesha ambalwa kodwa ungawanyanzeli ukubatyisa. Ukutyisa kakhulu kunokubangela ukugabha kwaye kuyenze ibe mandundu imeko. Unyango, kunye nokhathalelo lwasekhaya, lubalulekile ukumisa ukuqhubeka komkhuhlane wesisu kunye nokuthintela iingxaki.

iindlela zokuxelela umntu ukuba uyamthanda

[Funda: Yintoni Ebangela Ukuphulukana Nomdla Kubantwana ]

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Zeziphi iingxaki zomkhuhlane wesisu phakathi kwabantwana abasakhasayo?

I-gastroenteritis enganyangwayo inokukhokelela kwezi ngxaki zilandelayo kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abaselula:

Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeningowona mngcipheko ubalulekileyo we-gastroenteritis. Ukuphulukana nolwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni kunokubangela ukungalingani okukhulu kwe-electrolyte, okunokuchaphazela amalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba.

• Ilindle elixengaxengayo kunye nokugabha kuthintela umntwana ukuba angatyi kakhulu njengoko kufanelekile, nto leyo inokukhokelela ekugqibeleni ukungondleki . Ukungondleki kunempembelelo ngokuthe ngqo ekukhuleni komntwana kunye nokukwazi ukufikelela kwimilinganiselo yophuhliso.

• Ukuba umkhuhlane wesisu uqhubeka ixesha elide, ngoko umntwana ubeka umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-irritable bowel syndrome , okuyimeko esisigxina ebangela ukucaphuka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-gastrointestinal tract.

• I-Gastroenteritis inokonakalisa i-mucosal yangaphakathi yamathumbu amancinci kwaye ithintele amandla ayo okuvelisa ihomoni ye-lactase. (14) . Kuthetha ukuba umntwana uya kuba nengxaki yokwetyisa ubisi lwebele kunye neemveliso zobisi. Enjalo ukunganyamezeli kwelactose kubizwa ngokuba kukunganyamezeli kwe-lactose yesibini kwaye ubukhulu becala kokwexeshana, kodwa kunokuhlala ixesha elide.

• Ngamanye amaxesha i-pathogen inokufumana indlela eya kwamanye amalungu omzimba kunye nesizathu usulelo lwesibini. Ngokomzekelo, i-adenovirus iyakwazi ukosulela zombini iinkqubo zokugaya kunye nokuphefumla. Intsholongwane inokufikelela nakwindlela yokuphefumla kwaye ibangele usulelo olubanzi.

• Iintsholongwane ezithile ezifana ne-E. coli zinokwenza ukubalwa kweplatelet ephantsi kwaye zicuthe iintsimbi ezigcina umzimba ngokukhawuleza. Imeko enjalo ibizwa ngokuba i-hemolytic uremic syndrome. Nangona kunqabile, kusekho umngcipheko wolu ngxaki kwiintsana.

Iingxaki zomkhuhlane wesisu azifane zenzeke ukuba uthe wakhathalela umntwana wakho oselula. Ngemiqathango embalwa, unokude uthintele imeko.

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Uwuthintelwa njani umkhuhlane wesisu kubantwana abasafundayo?

Ukuthintela umkhuhlane wesisu kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abaselula kulula kunokuba ucinga. Nanga amanyathelo ekufuneka uwalandele:

Ugonyo:Fumana umntwana isitofu sokugonya i-rotavirus, efumaneka kwii-dispensaries zabucala kunye nezikarhulumente. Thetha nogqirha womntwana wakho ngayo. Ugonyo lunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokufumana umkhuhlane wesisu obangelwa yi-rotavirus (Shumi elinantlanu) .

Nika ukutya okulungiselelwe kakuhle, okucocekileyo namanzi acocekileyo:Soloko unika iintsana zakho ezisele zikhulile kunye nabantwana bakho abasacathulayo ukutya okuphekwe ekhaya. Ikhusela ukuchanabeka kwiintsholongwane ezinokubangela umkhuhlane wesisu. Kwakhona, qinisekisa ukuba amanzi uwaselayo umntwana wakho osahambayo ayabiliswa kwaye apholisiwe.

Gcina ucoceko lomntu:Ukuhlamba izandla zomntwana oselula ngaphambi kokutya nasemva kokuphuma kwindlu yangasese kunokuthintela usulelo. Iintsana eziselula zisenokungazisebenzisi izandla zazo xa zisitya kodwa zityekele ekubekeni izandla okanye izinto emlonyeni. Ngoko gcina izandla zabo zicocekile kwaye zibulale iintsholongwane kwizinto zomntwana rhoqo usebenzisa isepha ekhuselekileyo yomntwana kunye namanzi afudumeleyo.

Ucoceko olulungileyo kwindlu yonke:Umntwana wakho usenokuthi ngokungazi afumane usulelo kwelinye ilungu losapho. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amalungu endlu abambelela kwizenzo zococeko kunokukhusela usana kusulelo. Abazali bafanele banxibe iiglavu xa bephethe imbiza yomntwana baze bahlambe izandla. Kufuneka uhlambe izandla ngalo lonke ixesha utshintsha idiaper yomntwana ukunqanda ukwanda kosulelo ngempazamo.

[Funda: Indlela yokuNyanga ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kubantwana abasakhasayo ]

Buyela phezulu

I-Gastroenteritis kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abaselula inokubangela iimpawu ezibuhlungu kunye neengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukhathalelo lwasekhaya yiyo yonke into umntwana wakho aya kuyidinga ukuba aphile kwaye ahlale esempilweni. Khumbula ukufumana ugonyo oluyimfuneko kumntwana kwaye uqinisekise ucoceko olufanelekileyo ukugcina usulelo kude.

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