Kuba abantwana abaninzi kwi-autism spectrum bangabafundi ababonwayo, iishiti zokusebenzela zinokuba yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokufundisa iikhonsepthi. Nangona kunjalo, kunokuba nzima ukufumana amaphepha okusebenzela abantwana abane-autism ejolise ngqo kwimicimbi enzima kakhulu. Ezi phepha lishicilelweyo lasimahla, eliprintiweyo elivela kwiLoveToKnow ziyilelwe ziindlela ezintathu zokuqonda isifo se-autism: imiceli mngeni kunxibelelwano, ukuphazamiseka kwizakhono zentlalo, kunye nokuziphatha okuyingxaki.
Amaphepha okusebenzela oNxibelelwano
Ngokwe- Umbutho woNyango lwezeMpilo yaseMelika kunye neNcwadi yeNgxelo (I-DSM-V), abantwana abakwi-autism spectrum bahlala bebonisa ukungahambi kakuhle kwizakhono zabo zonxibelelwano. Kuxhomekeke kubudala bomntwana kunye nenqanaba lokusebenza, le mingeni inokuchaphazela ubomi bakhe ngeendlela ezininzi. Ubunzima bonxibelelwano bunokudala imiceli mngeni kwezentlalo kunye nakwindlela yokuziphatha kuba abantwana kwibala banokukhathazeka xa bengakwazi ukucela into abayifunayo kunxibelelwano lwentlalo okanye ngokubonakalayo. Amaphepha okusebenzela anokunceda ukuphucula izakhono zonxibelelwano zomntwana kunye nokunciphisa ifuthe lale mingeni.
Amanqaku afanelekileyo- Ukusebenza ngokubanzi
- Imidlalo yeBongo Autistic
- Ezona Zinto zokudlala ziBalaseleyo kubantwana abaneAutism
Ukuba ufuna uncedo lokukhuphela naluphi na iphepha lokusebenzela, jonga eziiingcebiso eziluncedo.
Uthini Umzimba Wam?
Kubantwana abakwi-autism spectrum, ukunxibelelana ngokungathethi kunokuba nzima ngakumbi. Banokuba nengxaki yokutolika imbonakalo yobuso kunye nezimbo zomzimba zabanye abantwana, ezinokukhokelela kubunzima ekuhlaleni nakwimvakalelo. Ngokukodwa ukufundisa intsingiselo yezimbo zomzimba eziqhelekileyo kunokunceda xa abantwana bequbisana nentshukumo kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla.
Eli phepha libonisa abantwana besenza izijekulo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo. Umntwana angazoba umgca osuka kwintloko ukuya kwintsingiselo yesandla. Kubantwana abangakwaziyo ukufunda, kuya kufuneka uchaze intsingiselo yomqondiso ngokuvakalayo. Njengoko usebenza nomntwana, unokuxoxa ngeemeko apho anokufumana olu hlobo lwesimbo kunye nempendulo efanelekileyo kwisenzo.
Uthini Umzimba Wam?
Ndifanele Ndithini?
Umsebenzi wonxibelelwano, okanye ukuvakalisa ngomlomo iimfuno kunye neemfuno, kunokuba nzima kakhulu kubantwana abane-autism. Rhoqo, abantwana baya kukhathazeka kuba iimfuno zabo zingakhange zifezekiswe, nangona bengakhange bazazise ezo mfuno kumntu onokunceda. Ukusebenza kunxibelelwano olusebenzayo kunokunika umntwana izakhono zomlomo azifunayo xa efuna izinto okanye imisebenzi.
Eli phepha libonisa abantwana abaneemfuno ezibonakalayo okanye ezifunwayo. Vavanya umfanekiso kunye nomntwana, emva koko umcele ukuba abhale okanye athethe oko kufunwa ngumntu onomfanekiso. Ungasebenza nomntwana ukuphucula ukucwangciswa kwengxelo ukuyenza icace. Thetha ngendlela umntwana anokuwasebenzisa ngayo la mabinzana kubomi bakhe bemihla ngemihla.
Ndifanele Ndithini?
Amaphepha okusebenzela ezakhono zeNtlalo
Ukukhubazeka kwezakhono zentlalo kuchaphazela uninzi lwabantwana kwibala. Uninzi lweetherapisti zikholelwa ekubeni obu bunzima ngokuyinxenye bubangelwa Ithiyori yengqondo . Olu luvo lokuba abantwana abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwimbonakalo yengqondo banengxaki yombono. Banokuba nengxaki yokuzicingela bekwindawo yomnye umntwana. Amaphepha okusebenzela ajolise kukhathalelo ekwabelwana ngalo kunye nembono anokunceda kakhulu.
Ndijonge ntoni?
Omnye umceli mngeni ekuhlaleni uninzi lwabantwana kwibala lokudibana lilandela ukujonga omnye umntu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukwabelwana ngako. Rhoqo, aba bantwana abanakuqaphela ukuba umntu ujonge into. Ukuba ubuziwe ukuba ujonge ntoni na omnye umntu, umntwana angacinga ukuba lo mntu ujonge into ayiyo.
Eli phepha lomsebenzi ligxile kukujonga kwamehlo. Kumfanekiso ngamnye, umntwana ujonge enye yezinto ezininzi. Umntwana angazoba umgca emehlweni omntu uye kwinto ajongileyo lo mntu. Kuba akukho kufunda okubandakanyekileyo kwiphepha lokusebenzela, ungalisebenzisa nabantwana abangakafundi ukufunda.
Ndijonge ntoni?
Ndiziva Njani?
Inxalenye yokuthatha umbono womnye umntu kukuqonda indlela loo mntu anokuziva ngayo ngokweemvakalelo kwimeko. Okokuqala, umntwana kufuneka avavanye imeko, emva koko kufuneka enze ngathi ukuloo meko. Oku kunokuba nzima kakhulu kubantwana abakwi-autism spectrum. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba nobudlelwane kwezentlalo kunye noontanga kufuna olu hlobo lokujonga ngokweemvakalelo.
Eli phepha lokusebenzela libandakanya ukutolika umfanekiso kunye nokunikezela iimvakalelo kumntwana osemfanekisweni. Thetha ngomfanekiso kunye nomntwana. Cela umntwana ukuba achaze akubonayo, uze ubacele ukuba bathethe okanye babhale indlela avakalelwa ngayo umntu osemfanekisweni. Kubantwana abangakwaziyo ukubhala, unokuhamba ngomlomo kwiphepha lokusebenzela.
Ndiziva Njani?
Amaphepha okusebenzela okuziphatha
Ukuphindaphinda okanye indlela yokuziphatha enengxaki yenye yeendlela zokuqonda isifo se-autism. Ngelixa isimilo sokuziphatha njengokuqhwanyaza ngesandla okanye ukunyikimisa kungazibolekisi kumaphepha okusebenzela, ezinye iindlela zokuziphatha ziyenza. Iifomathi zokuprinta ezijolise kwiindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuziphatha zinokunceda abantwana abane-autism basebenze ekhaya okanye kwigumbi lokufundela.
Yenza iSicwangciso seMad
Umsindo yimvakalelo enzima kuye nawuphi na umntwana, kodwa kubantwana abane-autism, kunokuba yinto engenakoyiswa. Uninzi lwabantwana lusokoliswa yindlela yokubonisa umsindo wabo okanye ukuqhubekeka neemvakalelo ngaphambi kokuba basabele ngokuziphatha okungalunganga. Kwabanye kunokuba nzima ukucacisa iimvakalelo zabo. Kwabanye, ukulawula iimpembelelo kunokuba nzima. Ukuba nesicwangciso esicacileyo sokulawula umsindo kunokuba luncedo kakhulu.
indlela yokwenza umgibe kanomeva
Eli phepha lokusebenzela lenzelwe ukunceda abantwana ukuba benze isicwangciso sokujongana nomsindo wabo. Zonke iindlela ezikweli phepha ziindlela ezifanelekileyo ekuhlaleni zokulawula iimvakalelo zabo. Thetha nomntwana malunga nokukhetha ezimbalwa kwezi unokukhetha emva koko uziqhelanise nendlela umntwana anokulusebenzisa ngayo olu cwangciso noontanga bakhe.
Yenza iSicwangciso
Injongo yeVeki
Wonke umntu usebenza ngcono xa kukho injongo ecacileyo, kwaye abantwana abane-autism abekho. Ngapha koko, uninzi lwabantwana abakwi-spectrum bayaluthanda uluvo lokusebenzela into ethile, ngakumbi ukuba bayayibona kwaye bayayiqonda inkqubela phambili yabo. Ukongeza, ukuba banokubona imbonakalo ebonakalayo yenjongo uqobo, banokuziva bekhuthazekile kwaye bekhuthazekile.
Eli phepha lomsebenzi ligxile kwinjongo yeveki nganye, onokuyibonisa kwifom yomfanekiso. Xa umntwana esenza into emshukumisela ukuya kwiinjongo, unokubeka isincamathelisi okanye ujonge uphawu kwelo candelo lephepha lokusebenzela. Khuthaza umntwana ukuba atshekishe iphepha rhoqo ukunceda ukugcina iinjongo engqondweni yonke iveki.
Injongo yeVeki
Iingcebiso zaBafundi abaVayo
Ngelixa abantwana abaninzi abane-autism bafunda ngokubonakalayo , abanye banabafundi abomeleleyo bokuva okanye baneengxaki zokulungiswa kokubonwayo. Ukuba usebenza nomntwana ofunda ngokuva, zama ezinye zezi ngcebiso zokusebenzisa iiwekhishithi:
- Funda wonke umbhalo ngokuvakalayo.
- Chaza imifanekiso ngamagama.
- Ngokuqinisekileyo buza imibuzo yomntwana malunga neephepha lokusebenzela.
- Sebenzisa isigama umntwana akhululeke ngaso.
- Nika ixesha lokuba umntwana enze le ngcaciso.
Ezinye izixhobo zamaphepha okusebenzela
Gcina ukhumbula ukuba amaphepha okusebenzela akufuneki enziwe ngokukodwa kubantwana abakwi-autism spectrum; Kufuneka nje bahlangabezane neekhrayitheriya zakho ngelixa bejongana neemfuno zomntwana wakho. Ezi zilandelayo zezinye zeembono ezinokuthi ziqwalaselwe zihlelwe ngesihloko.
Ukufunda
Imisebenzi yokufunda inokuphucula izakhono zonxibelelwano ngelixa usakha isigama. Ukukwazi ukufunda kwakhela kwizakhono ezisisiseko zokulandelelana. Ezinye izixhobo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:
- Amaphepha okusebenzela ezandibonwaba kakhulu kubantwana abakwi-autism spectrum, ngakumbi ukuba bayakhuthazwa ngumculo.
- Iigodo zokufunda ezinokuprintwauncede abazali, ootitshala nabantwana bagcine umkhondo wenkqubela phambili yokufunda kwabo. Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba athethe ngamanye amabali adweliswe kwilog emva kokuba incwadi nganye igqityiwe.
- Jonga uLoveToknow'sIjelo labantwana leencwadiukuprintwa simahla kunye nokukhutshelwa kwabantwana.
Izakhono zeMathematika
Amaphepha okusebenzela aprintiweyoIsenokuba yimfundo kwindalo, kodwa abanye abantwana kwibala lokubonisa bayakuthanda ukubala, ukongeza, kunye neephazili zezibalo. Ungasebenzisa imisebenzi yezibalo ngokulandelelana, kwaye ezi zakhono ziyahambelana neminye imisebenzi emininzi, kubandakanya imidlalo kunye nomculo.
IZakhono zoBomi
Amaphepha okusebenzela anokunceda ngezakhono zobomi kunye nophuhliso lweemoto ezintle. Ukongeza, imisebenzi esekwe kwiphepha lokusebenzela inokunceda ukwakha ezinye izakhono ezibalulekileyo ezifunekayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla.
- Amaphepha okubhala ngesandlaUnokunceda ababhali abasokolayo ukuba baphumelele. Amanye amaphepha okusebenzela avumela abazali nabahlohli ukuba benze imisebenzi yabo, kwaye nokukhetha izihloko umntwana azifumanayo zinomdla kunokuba yinto enomdla.
- Iitshathi zomsebenzi oshicilelweyoUnokunceda ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ichazwe ngokucacileyo. Abanye abantwana banokuxhamla ngokuba nendawo ethi 'Jonga itshathi yakho yetshathi' kwiishedyuli zabo zemihla ngemihla.
Masonwabe
Amaphepha okusebenzela abantwana kwi-spectrum anokubandakanya imisebenzi eyonwabisayo ekhuthazayo. Yonke into ukusuka kwiipuzzle ezishicilelweyo ukuyaimidlalo yokuhambaziyafumaneka ngaphandle kweendleko. Jonga uLoveToKnow'sIjelo labantwanaiphepha lokusebenzela eliprintiweyo labantwana.
Izixhobo Zokufundela Amakhaya
Abazali kunye nootitshala abasebenza nabantwana kwi-autism spectrum banokufumana inzuzo kuphando lwezixhobo zokufunda emakhaya. LoveToKnow'sIjelo lokufundela ekhayaunikezela uluhlu olunobubele lwezixhobo ezinokuthi zifike ngokufanelekileyo.
Mdumise umntwana
Ukongeza ekomelezeni unxibelelwano, intlalontle, kunye nokuziphatha, ukugqiba amaphepha okusebenzela kunokuba mnandi. Qiniseka ukuba uyamncoma umntwana ngempumelelo yakhe, nangona zinokubonakala zincinci. Esi simo sengqondo sibaluleke kakhulu njengezixhobo zokufunda ezinje ngeephepha lokusebenzela.
