Xa kufikelelwa ekuqokeleleni iingqekembe zemali, bambalwa abanomtsalane njengepeni yengqolowa ethobekileyo. Ezi ngqekembe zincinci zobhedu, zenziwe phakathi kwe-1909 kunye ne-1958, zibambe indawo ekhethekileyo kwiintliziyo zabaqokeleli kunye nama-numismatists kwihlabathi jikelele. Kodwa yintoni eyenza ezi ngqekembe zikhetheke kangaka? Yaye unokwazi njani ukuxabiseka nokunqaba kwazo?
Ipeni yengqolowa, eyaziwa ngokuba yiLincoln cent, inomfanekiso kaMongameli u-Abraham Lincoln kwicala eliphambeneyo kunye nezikhondo ezimbini zengqolowa kwicala elingasemva. Yayilwa ngumkroli uVictor David Brenner kwaye ithathwa njengenye yezona ngqekembe zidumileyo nezithandwayo kwimbali yaseMelika.
Kodwa eyona nto yahlula ingqolowa yipeni kukunqaba kwayo. Ngelixa izigidi zezi ngqekembe zenziwa kule minyaka idlulileyo, iminyaka ethile kunye ne-mintmarks zinqabile kunezinye, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zifunwe kakhulu ngabaqokeleli. Izinto ezifana nemeko, i-mintmark, kunye nonyaka wokwenza i-minting zonke zinegalelo kwixabiso lepeni yengqolowa.
Bona kwakho: I-Enchantment kunye nexesha elisemva kwe-Prom Experience
Ukuba unomdla wokuqokelela iipeni zengqolowa, kubalulekile ukwenza uphando lwakho kwaye uziqhelanise neentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nexabiso lazo. Iiwebhusayithi, iincwadi, kunye neeforam zokuqokelela iingqekembe zingaba zizixhobo ezixabisekileyo ekuncedeni ukuba uhambe kwihlabathi lokuqokelela imali yengqolowa. Ke qalisa ukukrazula ikhowudi kwaye utyhile ubuncwane obufihliweyo obukhoyo kwihlabathi lengqolowa yepeni kunye nokunqaba!
Bona kwakho: Iingcaphuno zokukuxhobisa ukuba Wamkele umzuzu wangoku
Iintsuku ezintathu ze-mississippi
Intshayelelo yeWheat Pennies: Ukuqonda Imbali Yabo
Iingqekembe zengqolowa, ezaziwa ngokuba yiLincoln cents, yayiluhlobo lwengqekembe eyenziwa eUnited States ukususela ngowe-1909 ukusa kowe-1958.
Ukwenziwa kwe penny yengqolowa kwakuyinxalenye yomzamo omkhulu wokuyila ngokutsha ingqekembe yesenti. Phambi kwe penny yengqolowa, i-United States Mint yasebenzisa uyilo olubizwa ngokuba yi-India Head cent. Nangona kunjalo, kwakukho umnqweno wokudala uyilo olutsha, lwangoku ngakumbi oluya kumela ilizwe ngcono.
Ngo-1909, iminyaka elikhulu yokuzalwa kuka-Abraham Lincoln, kwaqaliswa uyilo olutsha lwengqekembe yesenti. Yayinomfanekiso kaLincoln kwicala elingasemva, kunye nezikhondo ezimbini zengqolowa kwicala elingasemva. Olu luyilo, olwenziwe ngumkroli uVictor David Brenner, lwaziwa ngokuba yi'Lincoln cent' okanye 'ipeni yengqolowa.'
Kuyo yonke imveliso yayo yeminyaka engama-50, ipeni yengqolowa idlule kwiinguqu ezininzi. Ngomnyaka we-1943, ngenxa yokunqongophala kobhedu ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, ukubunjwa kwepenny kwatshintshwa kwintsimbi efakwe kwi-zinc. Ezi pennies zentsimbi zifunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli namhlanje.
Olunye uhlobo oluphawulekayo lwepeni yengqolowa yipeni yokufa ephindwe kabini ka-1955. Le ngqekembe yempazamo yenziwa xa idayiti esetyenziselwe ukubetha ipeni yayingalungelelaniswanga kakuhle, okukhokelela kwisiphumo esiphindwe kabini kumhla kunye nombhalo.
Ngokubanzi, iipeni zengqolowa zinendawo ekhethekileyo kwimbali ye-numismatic. Zisisikhumbuzo esibambekayo sexesha eladlulayo kunye nophawu lwelifa lemali yemali yaseMelika etyebileyo. Ukuqonda imbali yezi ngqekembe kunokunceda abaqokeleli kunye nabanomdla baqonde ixabiso labo kunye nokubaluleka.
Yintoni idenariyo yengqolowa?
Ipeni yengqolowa yingqekembe eyenziwa eUnited States ukususela ngowe-1909 ukusa kowe-1958. Icala elingaphambili lengqekembe linomfanekiso ka-Abraham Lincoln, uMongameli we-16 waseUnited States.
Iipeni zengqolowa zenziwe nge-95% ye-copper kunye ne-5% ye-tin kunye ne-zinc, kwaye yayinkulu kwaye inzima kuneepeni ezijikelezayo namhlanje. Ipeni yengqolowa ijongwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo ngokwembali kunye nokunqaba kwayo.
Ngethuba lokuveliswa kwayo, i-penny yengqolowa yenza utshintsho oluthile. Ngo-1943, ngenxa yokunqongophala kobhedu ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi II, ukwakhiwa kwale ngqekembe yatshintshwa yaba yintsimbi, nto leyo eyaphumela ekubeni ‘iisenti zentsimbi’ ezidumileyo ezifunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli. Kwangalo nyaka, iipeni ezimbalwa zobhedu zenziwe ngempazamo kwaye ngoku zixabiseke kakhulu.
Ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa nemeko yayo, ukunqaba, kunye nemfuno phakathi kwabaqokeleli. Ezinye iipeni zengqolowa zinokuxabisa iisenti ezimbalwa, ngelixa ezinye zinokulanda amakhulu okanye amawaka eedola. Ukunqaba kumiselwa yimiba efana nonyaka we-mintage, uphawu lwe-mint, kunye nazo naziphi na iimpazamo okanye iiyantlukwano kuyilo.
Ukuqokelela iipeni zengqolowa kunokuba yinto yokuzonwabisa enomdla kwi-numismatists kunye nabathandi bembali ngokufanayo. Inika umbono wexesha elidlulileyo kwaye ivumela abaqokeleli ukuba baxabise ubugcisa kunye nobugcisa bezi ngqekembe zakudala.
Phawula: Kubalulekile ukuphatha iipeni zengqolowa ngononophelo ukuthintela umonakalo, njengoko nayiphi na imikrwelo okanye izibonda zinokulinciphisa kakhulu ixabiso lazo.
Ithini imbali yepeni yengqolowa?
Ipeni yengqolowa, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiLincoln cent, yayiyingqekembe eyenziwa eUnited States ukususela ngo-1909 ukuya kutsho ngo-1958. .
I penny yengqolowa ifumana isiteketiso sayo kwizikhwebu ezimbini zengqolowa eziboniswe kwicala elingasemva lengqekembe. Ezi zikhwebu zengqolowa zifanekisela ezolimo zaseMelika kwaye zenzelwe ukumela iziqalo ezithobekileyo zikaLincoln njengomsebenzi wasefama.
Xa i-penny yengqolowa yaziswa okokuqala ngo-1909, yathatha indawo ye-Indian Head cent, eyayisetyenziswa ukususela ngo-1859.
Ngethuba leminyaka ephantse ibe yi-50 yemveliso, i-penny yengqolowa ifumene utshintsho oluthile loyilo. Ngo-1918, ii-initials zikaVictor David Brenner, 'VDB,' zongezwa kwicala elingasemva lengqekembe, ngaphantsi kweendlebe zengqolowa. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yesikhalo sikawonke-wonke malunga nokubekwa okubalaseleyo kwee-initials zomyili, zasuswa ngo-1919.
Ngo-1943, ukubunjwa kwepeni yengqolowa kwatshintshwa okwethutyana ngenxa yokunqongophala kobhedu ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Kunokuba zenziwe ngobhedu, ezi ngqekembe zazisenziwa ngentsimbi egqunywe ngezinki, nto leyo eyayizenza zibe ngathi yisilivere. Ezi pennies zentsimbi zifunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli.
Ipeni yengqolowa yatshintshwa yi cent ye Lincoln Memorial ngo 1959. Nangona kunjalo, iseyingqekembe ethandwayo phakathi kwabaqokeleli namhlanje ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo ngokwembali kunye noyilo olulodwa.
Kutheni iipeni zengqolowa zikhethekileyo?
Iisenti zengqolowa, ezikwabizwa ngokuba yiLincoln wheat cents, zikhethekile ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Okokuqala nokubalulekileyo, zinexabiso elibalulekileyo lembali. Zenziwa ukususela ngowe-1909 ukuya kutsho ngowe-1958 yaye zaziyingqekembe yokuqala eyayinomfanekiso womntu wokwenene, uMongameli Abraham Lincoln.
Esinye isizathu sokuba kutheni iipeni zengqolowa zikhethekileyo kuyilo lwazo olulodwa. Ngasemva kwingqekembe, kukho umfanekiso weendiza ezimbini zengqolowa eziqulunqe amagama athi 'ISENTE ELINYE.' Olu yilo lunika ingqekembe igama lesiqhulo elidumileyo, 'ipeni yengqolowa.'
Iipeni zengqolowa zibuye zibe nostalgic. Abantu abaninzi bakhumbula ukusebenzisa ezi ngqekembe kwiintengiselwano zabo zemihla ngemihla ngaphambi kokuba zitshintshwe luyilo lwangoku oluneSikhumbuzo saseLincoln. Ixabiso leemvakalelo elidityaniswe kwezi ngqekembe lenza ukuba zifunwe kakhulu ngabaqokeleli.
Ngaphezu koko, ukunqongophala kweedatithi ezithile kunye namanqaku e-mint yongeza kumtsalane weepeni zengqolowa. Eminye iminyaka inemintage ephantsi okanye yaveliswa kuphela kwiminti ethile, ibenza banqabile kwaye baxabiseke ngakumbi. Abaqokeleli bayonwabela ulonwabo lokuzingela ezi ndidi zinqongopheleyo ukugqiba ingqokelela yazo.
Okokugqibela, iipeni zengqolowa zinexabiso elibambekayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yabo kunye nokunqabile, banokuxabisa naphi na ukusuka kwiisenti ezimbalwa ukuya kumakhulu amaninzi eedola. Oku kubenza babe yingqokelela enomdla kubo bobabini abathanda nje abaqhelekileyo kunye neenumismatists ezinzulu.
Ukuqukumbela, iipeni zengqolowa zikhethekile ngenxa yokubaluleka kwazo embalini, indlela eziyilwe ngayo ngendlela eyahlukileyo, zinomtsalane, ukunqongophala, kunye nexabiso lemali. Nokuba ungumntu othanda imbali okanye umqokeleli wemali, ezi ngqekembe sisiqwengana esinomdla kwimbali yaseMelika enamanani.
Imiba yoVavanyo lweePeni zeNkolo: Ukunqaba, imeko, kunye noNyaka
Xa umisela ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa, kukho izinto ezininzi ezidlalayo. Ezi zinto ziquka ukunqaba kwengqekembe, imeko, kunye nonyaka wokwenziwa kwemigodi. Ukuqonda ukuba ezi zinto zichaphazela njani ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa kubalulekile kubaqokeleli nabatyali-mali ngokufanayo.
Ukunqaba: Ukunqaba kwe penny yengqolowa ibhekisa kwindlela enqabileyo ngayo ekuhambeni. Ngokubanzi, iingqekembe ezimbalwa ezenziweyo, inqabile. Ezinye iipeni zengqolowa zinemintage ephantsi ngenxa yeempazamo okanye imveliso enyiniweyo yemveliso, nto leyo ebenza baxabiseke ngakumbi. Ukongeza, iminyaka ethile inokuba nemilinganiselo ephantsi, inegalelo ekunqabeni kwayo.
Umqathango: Imeko yepeni yengqolowa yenye into ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ixabiso layo. Iingqekembe ezikwimeko entle ngokunxitywa okuncinci kwaye akukho monakalo uya kuthatha ixabiso eliphezulu. Abaqokeleli bahlala besebenzisa inkqubo yokuhlela, efana ne-Sheldon Scale, ukuvavanya imeko yengqekembe ngokufanelekileyo.
Unyaka: Unyaka wokwenziwa kwemigodi unokuchaphazela ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa. Eminye iminyaka ithathwa njengenqweneleka ngakumbi phakathi kwabaqokeleli, okukhokelela kumaxabiso aphezulu. Umzekelo, iipeni zengqolowa ezenziwe ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1900 okanye ezo zisuka kumaxesha abalulekileyo embali zinokuyalela iprimiyamu.
Xa uvavanya ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela zonke ezi zinto ngokudibanisa. Ipeni yengqolowa enqabileyo ekwimeko entle kakhulu ukusuka kunyaka ofunwayo iya kuba nexabiso ngakumbi kunepeni eqhelekileyo ekwimeko embi.
Abaqokeleli kunye nabatyali-mali kufuneka bakhumbule ukuba ixabiso leepeni zengqolowa lingaguquguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yemfuno yemarike kunye nezinye izinto zangaphandle. Ukuhlala unolwazi malunga neentsingiselo zangoku kunye namaxabiso kuluntu olune-numismatic kunokunceda abantu benze izigqibo ezizizo malunga nokuthenga, ukuthengisa, okanye ukubambelela kwingqokelela yabo yengqolowa yepeni.
Ukuqukumbela, ukuxatyiswa kweepeni zengqolowa kuphenjelelwa kukunqaba kwazo, imeko, kunye nonyaka wokwenziwa kwemigodi. Ngokuqwalasela ezi zinto, abaqokeleli kunye nabatyali-mali banokuhamba ngobunzima bexabiso lepeni yengqolowa kwaye benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nemizamo yabo ye-numismatic.
Yintoni emisela ixabiso ledenariyo yengqolowa?
Ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa lichongwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukunqaba kwayo, imeko, kunye nemfuno phakathi kwabaqokeleli. Nazi ezinye izinto eziphambili ezinokuchaphazela ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa:
Ukunqaba: Ukunqaba kwepeni yengqolowa yeyona nto iphambili ekuqinisekiseni ixabiso layo. Iipennies ezenziwe ngamanani aphantsi okanye zineenguqu ezithile ngokuqhelekileyo zithathwa njengexabiso. Ngokomzekelo, iipeni ezivela kwiminyaka yokuqala yochungechunge (1909-1916) okanye abo baneziphoso ze-mint bahlala befunwa ngabaqokeleli.
Umqathango: Imeko yepeni yengqolowa yenye into ebalulekileyo ekunqumeni ixabiso layo. Iingqekembe ezikwimeko engcono, kunye nokunxiba okuncinci okanye umonakalo, ngokuqhelekileyo zixabiseke kakhulu. Umlinganiselo wokuhlela osetyenziswa ngabaqokeleli usukela kokubi (P-1) ukuya kwi-perfect uncirculated (MS-70), enamabanga aphezulu ayalela amaxabiso aphezulu.
Imfuno: Inqanaba lemfuno yepeni yengqolowa ethile inokuchaphazela ixabiso layo. Iingqekembe ezifunwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaqokeleli, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokunqaba kwazo okanye ukubaluleka kwembali, kunokwenzeka ukuba zibe nexabiso eliphezulu. Ukuthandwa kokuqokelela iipeni zengqolowa kunokuguquguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha, okuchaphazela amaxabiso kwiimarike.
Ukubaluleka kwezembali: Ezinye iipeni zengqolowa zineembali ezibalulekileyo ezinokongeza kwixabiso lazo. Ngokomzekelo, iingqekembe ezivela kwiminyaka ephambili okanye ezo zinxulunyaniswa neziganeko ezibalulekileyo okanye abantu ngabanye banokuxabiseka ngakumbi kubaqokeleli. Imeko yembali ejikeleze i-penny yengqolowa ingaba negalelo ekunqweneleni kwayo kunye nexabiso.
isipho somtshato esivela kumyeni ukuya kumtshakazi
Iimeko zeMarike: Njengayo nayiphi na into eqokelelwayo, ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa inokuphenjelelwa yimeko yemarike. Izinto ezinje ngemfuno iyonke yeenkozo zemali, uqoqosho, kunye nokufumaneka kweenkozo ezifanayo kwimarike zinokuchaphazela amaxabiso. Kubalulekile ukuba abaqokeleli bahlale benolwazi malunga neendlela zemarike kunye nokuguquguquka ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi.
Ngokuqwalasela ezi zinto, abaqokeleli kunye nabanomdla banokuqonda ngakumbi ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa kwaye benze izigqibo ezinolwazi xa kuthengwa okanye kuthengiswa ezi ngqekembe.
Yintoni eyenza idenariyo inqabe kwaye ixabiseke?
Xa kuziwa ekuqinisekiseni ukunqaba kunye nexabiso le penny, izinto ezininzi ziyadlala. Ezi zinto zibandakanya unyaka we-minting, uphawu lwe-mint, imeko yengqekembe, kunye naziphi na iimpazamo okanye iintlobo ezinokwenzeka.
Unyaka we-minting yinto ebalulekileyo kuba iminyaka ethile inemintage ephantsi, eyenza ezo pennies zinqabile kwaye zixabiseke ngakumbi. Umzekelo, i-penny ye-VDB ye-1909-S ifunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli kuba ine-mintage ephantsi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iipeni zelo xesha.
Uphawu lweminti ngomnye umba obalulekileyo omawuqwalaselwe. Amanqaku eMinti abonisa apho ingqekembe yenziwe khona. Ezinye iindawo zeminti zivelise iingqekembe ezimbalwa kunezinye, okukhokelela ekunqabeni okuphezulu kunye nexabiso. Ngokomzekelo, iipeni ezenziwe kwiSan Francisco Mint zibaluleke kakhulu kunezo zivela kwezinye iindawo.
Imeko yepenny nayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunqumeni ixabiso layo. Iingqekembe ezikwimeko engcono, ezifana ne-uncirculated okanye i-mint state, zibaluleke kakhulu. Ukungabikho kokugqoka kunye nomonakalo kwandisa umnqweno wabo phakathi kwabaqokeleli.
Iimpazamo kunye neendidi zinokuba negalelo ekunqabeni kunye nexabiso le penny. Iimpazamo ezenziwe ngexesha lenkqubo yokugaya, ezifana nokubethelwa kabini, ukubethelwa kwe-off-center, okanye izinto ezingekhoyo, kunokwenza ingqekembe yemali ibe yodwa kwaye ifunwa kakhulu. Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana ne-1955 double die penny, zinqabile kwaye zinokufumana amaxabiso aphezulu.
Ekugqibeleni, ukunqaba kunye nexabiso lepeni ligqitywa yindibaniselwano yezi zinto. Abaqokeleli kunye nabanomdla bavavanya ngononophelo ezi zinto ukuze bamisele ixabiso lepeni ethile. Kubalulekile ukubonisana nemithombo ethembekileyo, efana neekhathalogu zengqekembe ezikhethekileyo okanye iingcali, ukufumana ixabiso elichanekileyo leepeni ezinqabileyo.
Unokwazi njani ukuba idenariyo yengqolowa inqabile?
Ukuchonga ukuba i-penny yengqolowa inqabile okanye ayikho inokuba ngumsebenzi onzima kubo bobabini abaqalayo kunye nabaqokeleli abanamava. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa eziphambili zokujonga ezinokunceda ukumisela ukunqaba kwepeni yengqolowa:
| Umhla: | Jonga umhla we penny yengqolowa. Eminye iminyaka inqabile kuneminye, njenge-1909-S VDB okanye i-1955 yokufa kabini. Ezi pennies zifunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli kwaye zinokuyalela ixabiso eliphezulu. |
| NjengoMarko: | Khangela uphawu lweminti, olubonisa apho ipenny yenziwe khona. Amanye amanqaku eminti anqabile kakhulu kunamanye, afana ne 'S' mint mark yaseSan Francisco okanye i'D' mint mark yaseDenver. Iipeni ezinala manqaku e-mint zingabaluleka ngakumbi. |
| Umqathango: | Imeko yepeni nayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukunqaba kwayo. Ipeni yengqolowa ekwimeko yeminti iya kuba nexabiso elingaphezulu kunelo linxitywe kakhulu okanye lonakele. Jonga iipeni ezinxibe kancinci kwaye akukho ziphene zinkulu. |
| Iimpazamo: | Iimpazamo okanye ukuhluka kwenkqubo yokugaya kunokunyusa ukunqaba kwepeni yengqolowa. Jonga iipeni ezinokufa kabini, ugwayimbo olungekho embindini, okanye ezinye iimpazamo ezibonakalayo. Ezi ntlobo zeepeni zifunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli. |
| Ukubaluleka kwezembali: | Okokugqibela, qwalasela ukubaluleka kwembali yepeni. Ezinye iipeni zengqolowa zinokuba nembali eyodwa okanye zidityaniswe nesiganeko esithile okanye umntu, nto leyo ezenza zixabiseke ngakumbi kubaqokeleli. |
Ngokuphonononga ezi zinto, ukuphanda izikhokelo zamaxabiso, kunye nokubonisana nabaqokeleli abanamava, unokufumana ukuqonda okungcono kokunqaba kunye nexabiso lengqokelela yepeni yengqolowa.
Ukugqamisa iMinyaka ePhambili: Ezona Pennies zeNqolowa eziBalulekileyo
Xa kuziwa ekuqokeleleni iipeni zengqolowa, eminye iminyaka ixabiseke ngakumbi kuneminye. Nokuba kungenxa yokunqongophala, iimpazamo zeminti, okanye ukubaluleka kwembali, iminyaka ethile ibalasele kwihlabathi lokuqokelela imali. Apha, sigxininisa eminye yeminyaka ephambili efunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli:
1909-S VDB: Le penny yenye yeepeni zengqolowa ezixabiseke kakhulu ngenxa yobuncinci bayo kunye nokubaluleka kwembali. Oonobumba bokuqala 'VDB' babhekisa kumyili, uVictor David Brenner, kwaye inokufunyanwa kwicala elingasemva lengqekembe, kufutshane nomphetho.
Ngo-1914-D: Ipeni ye-1914-D ifunwa kakhulu ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokunqongophala kwayo. Le ngqekembe yenziwa eDenver kwaye ithathwa njengenye yeepeni zengqolowa ezinqabileyo ezikhoyo.
Ngo-1922-D Hayi D: Le penny iyaziwa ngempazamo yayo edumileyo ye-mint. I'D' mintmark, ebonisa ukuba ingqekembe yenziwe eDenver, ayikho kwingqekembe. Le mpazamo iyenza ixabiseke kakhulu kwaye inqwenelwe kakhulu ngabaqokeleli.
bahlawulwa malini abaneminyaka eli-16 ubudala
1931-S: Ipeni ka-1931-S yenye ipeni yengqolowa exabiseke kakhulu. Ithathwa njengento enqabileyo ngenxa ye-mintage ephantsi kwaye isoloko ifunwa ngabaqokeleli abafuna ukugqiba ukuqokelela kwabo.
1955 Ukuphinda-phindwe kabini kuFa ngokugqithisileyo: Le penny iyaziwa ngokuphindwe kabini kwaye iphawuleka ngokuphindwe kabini kwicala eliphambeneyo. Isiphumo esiphindwe kabini senza inkangeleko eyahlukileyo nefunwayo, iyenza ixabiseke kakhulu phakathi kwabaqokeleli.
Ukuqokelela iipeni zengqolowa kunokuba yinto enomdla kwaye inomvuzo. Ngokugxininisa kwiminyaka ephambili njengaleyo ikhankanywe ngasentla, abaqokeleli banokwakha iqoqo elixabisekileyo nelikhethekileyo. Khumbula ukuhlala usenza uphando olucokisekileyo kwaye udibane neengcali ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo kunye neengqekembe zemali zokwenyani.
Ngowuphi unyaka iipeni zengqolowa zezona zixabisekileyo?
Xa kuziwa ekunqumeni ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa, unyaka wengqekembe yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ngelixa zonke iipeni zengqolowa ziqokelelwa kumlinganiselo othile, iminyaka ethile ifunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli kwaye inokubiza amaxabiso aphezulu.
Omnye weminyaka ebaluleke kakhulu yeepeni zengqolowa yi-1909-S VDB. Le ngqekembe ifunwa kakhulu ngenxa yokunqaba kwayo kunye nokubaluleka kwembali. Uphawu lweminti u-'S' lubonisa ukuba ingqekembe yenziwe eSan Francisco, ngelixa ii-initials 'VDB' zibhekisa kumyili, uVictor David Brenner. Kuphela linani eliqingqiweyo lezi ngqekembe zaveliswa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yinto enqwenelekayo kakhulu phakathi kwabaqokeleli.
Omnye unyaka obalulekileyo weepeni zengqolowa yi-1914-D. Le ngqekembe yenziwa eDenver kwaye yaziwa ngokunqongophala kwayo. Amanani asezantsi enziweyo kunye nemfuno ephezulu evela kubaqokeleli yenza i-1914-D yengqolowa yepeni ixabiseke kakhulu.
Eminye iminyaka egqalwa njengexabisekileyo kwihlabathi lepeni yengqolowa iquka owe-1922 (akukho mint mark), owe-1931-S, nowe-1955 ophindwe kabini. Ezi ngqekembe zifunwa ngenxa yamanani aphantsi, iimpazamo, okanye ezinye iimpawu ezizodwa.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba imeko yengqekembe nayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunqumeni ixabiso layo. Iingqekembe ezigcinwe kakuhle kunye nokunxiba okuncinci kunye nomonakalo uya kuyalela amaxabiso aphezulu.
| Unyaka | Ixabiso |
|---|---|
| 1909-S VDB | Ixabiseke kakhulu |
| Ngowe-1914-D | Ixabisekile |
| 1922 (hayi mint mark) | Ixabisekile |
| Ngowe-1931-S | Ixabisekile |
| Ngowe-1955 baphinda bafa | Ixabisekile |
Ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi pennies zengqolowa zikwimeko entle, kunokufanelekile ukuba zivavanywe yingcali ukuze ziqinisekise ngexabiso lazo kanye.
Yeyiphi imihla engundoqo yeepeni zengqolowa?
Imihla ephambili yeepeni zengqolowa zezo zibhekwa njengezinqabileyo kwaye zixabisekileyo phakathi kwabaqokeleli. Ezi pennies zenziwa ngokwexabiso elilinganiselweyo okanye zineempawu ezizodwa ezenza ukuba zifunwe kakhulu. Nazi ezinye zeentsuku eziphambili zeepeni zengqolowa:
- 1909-S VDB: Le penny yenye yezona peni zidumileyo nezixabisekileyo zengqolowa. Ibonisa ii-initials 'VDB' zomyili, uVictor David Brenner, kwicala elingasemva.
- Ngo-1914-D: Ipeni ye-1914-D yenye ipeni efunwa kakhulu emva kwengqolowa. Yenziwa eDenver kwaye ine-mintage ephantsi, iyenza inqabile.
- Ngo-1922: I-penny yengqolowa ye-1922 iyingqayizivele kuba ikhona kwi-plain kunye ne-'D' mintmark eyahlukeneyo. Uguqulelo lwe-'D' mintmark luxabiseke ngakumbi.
- Ngowe-1931-S: Le peni yayigqalwa njengeyona pennies inqabileyo yengqolowa. Yenziwa eSan Francisco kwaye inemintage ephantsi.
- 1955 I-Double Die: I-1955 Double Die penny yingqekembe yempazamo ephawulekayo. Ibonisa ukuphindwa kabini komhla kunye neminye imibhalo, iyenza iqokelelwe kakhulu.
Le yimizekelo nje embalwa yemihla ebalulekileyo yeepeni zengqolowa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ixabiso le penny yengqolowa ixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nemeko yayo, ukunqaba, kunye nemfuno phakathi kwabaqokeleli. Ukuba unayo naziphi na iipeni zengqolowa kwingqokelela yakho, kuyafaneleka ukuphanda imihla yazo ephambili kunye nexabiso elinokubakho.
Ungalimisela njani ixabiso leePennies zakho zeNkolo
Ukuba unengqokelela yeepeni zengqolowa kwaye unomdla malunga nexabiso labo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele. Ngokuphonononga ezi zinto, unokufumana ukuqonda okungcono kwexabiso leengqekembe zakho.
Unyaka wePenny: Unyaka wepeni eyenziwe ngawo unokuchaphazela kakhulu ixabiso layo. Eminye iminyaka ifunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli, nto leyo eyenza iingqekembe zaloo minyaka zixabiseke ngakumbi. Ngokomzekelo, iipeni ezenziwe ngaphambi kowe-1940 zidla ngokuxabisa ngakumbi.
NjengoMarko: Uphawu lweminti kwi penny lubonisa apho yaveliswa khona. Iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zeminti zinokuchaphazela ixabiso lengqekembe. Umzekelo, iipeni ezinophawu lweminti u-'D' olubonisa ukuba zenziwe e-Denver, zihlala zixabiseke ngakumbi kunezo ezingenalo uphawu lweminti okanye ezinophawu lweminti luka-'S' lwaseSan Francisco.
Umqathango: Imeko yepeni yengqolowa yenye into ebalulekileyo ekunqumeni ixabiso layo. Iingqekembe ezikwimo encomekayo, ezinokunxiba okuncinci kwaye akukho monakalo, zixabiseke kakhulu kunezo zikwimeko embi. Jonga iipeni ezineenkcukacha ezibukhali kunye nokukrwela okuncinci okanye ukujika kombala.
Ukunqaba: Ezinye iipeni zengqolowa zinqabile kunezinye, ezinokuchaphazela kakhulu ixabiso labo. Iingqekembe ezinamanani asezantsi okanye iimpawu ezizodwa zisoloko zifunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli. Ukuphanda ukunqaba kweepeni ezithile kunokukunceda ukuba ubone ixabiso labo.
Imfuno yeMarike: Imfuno epheleleyo yeepeni zengqolowa kwimarike nazo zinokuchaphazela ixabiso labo. Ukuba kukho imfuno ephezulu evela kubaqokeleli, ixabiso leemali zakho zemali lingaba phezulu. Gcina iliso kwiintsingiselo zangoku kunye namaxabiso kwingqekembe eqokelela uluntu ukulinganisa imfuno yemarike.
Ngokuqwalasela ezi zinto kunye nokwenza uphando olongezelelweyo, unokufumana ingcamango engcono yexabiso leepeni zakho zengqolowa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ixabiso leengqekembe lingaguquguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngoko ukuhlala unolwazi malunga nemarike ngundoqo ekuqondeni ixabiso labo.
Ndingafumanisa njani ukuba yimalini ipeni yengqolowa yam?
Ukuba uyazibuza ngexabiso le penny yakho yengqolowa, kukho amanyathelo amaninzi onokuthi uwathathe ukuze ubone ukubaluleka kwayo. Nasi isikhokelo sokukunceda ujonge inkqubo:
Inyathelo 1: Chonga umhla wengqekembe kunye nophawu lweminti
uzothini emntwini oswelekelwe ngumzali
Qala ngokuphonononga ipeni yakho yengqolowa ngokusondeleyo ukujonga umhla wayo kunye nophawu lweminti. Umhla ubekwe kwicala eligqwesileyo (ngaphambili) lengqekembe, ngelixa uphawu lweminti lufumaneka ngokuqhelekileyo kwicala elingasemva (ngasemva), ngaphantsi kweendiza zengqolowa. Uphawu lwe-mint lubonisa ukuba yeyiphi indawo yase-U.S. Mint evelise ingqekembe kwaye inokuchaphazela ixabiso layo.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Vavanya imeko yengqekembe
Imeko yepenny yakho yengqolowa idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunqumeni ixabiso layo. Jonga iimpawu zokuguga, ezinje ngokuncipha okanye ukulahleka kweenkcukacha, imikrwelo, okanye izibonda. Iingqekembe ezikwimeko engcono ziyalela amaxabiso aphezulu.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Qhagamshelana nesikhokelo samaxabiso okanye isixhobo esikwi-intanethi
Nje ukuba uchonge umhla, uphawu lweminti, kwaye uvavanye imeko yepeni yakho yengqolowa, jongana nesikhokelo sexabiso elibekekileyo okanye isixhobo esithembekileyo se-intanethi esinikezelwe kumaxabiso ezinkozo. Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngolwazi malunga nexabiso eliqikelelweyo leentlobo ezahlukeneyo zepeni yengqolowa ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nokunqaba, imfuno kunye nemeko.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Fumana uvavanyo oluvunyiweyo
Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngexabiso le penny yakho yengqolowa okanye ufuna uvavanyo oluchanekileyo, cinga ngokufuna uvavanyo lwengqekembe yobuchwephesha. Abaphononongi bengqekembe abaziingcali banolwazi kunye nobuchule bokukubonelela ngovavanyo olubanzi lwexabiso lengqekembe yakho.
Inyathelo lesi-5: Qwalasela imfuno yemarike
Khumbula ukuba ixabiso le penny yengqolowa yakho lingaguquguquka ngokusekelwe kwimfuno yemarike. Ezinye iingqekembe zinokufumana ixabiso elongeziweyo ngenxa yomdla womqokeleli, ngelixa ezinye zingabikho kwimfuno ephezulu. Gcina iliso kwiindlela zemarike zangoku kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngabaqokeleli ukuze ulinganise ixabiso lemali yakho yemali.
Khumbula, ixabiso le penny yengqolowa lixhomekeke kwaye linokwahluka ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezininzi. Kuhlala kuyingcinga elungileyo ukwenza uphando olucokisekileyo kwaye udibane nemithombo emininzi ukuze uqonde ngcono ixabiso lengqekembe yakho.
Umbuzo kunye nempendulo:
Yintoni idenariyo yengqolowa?
Ipeni yengqolowa yingqekembe yesenti eyenziwe eUnited States ukususela ngo-1909 ukuya kutsho ngo-1958. Igama layo lifumana kumfanekiso weendiza ezimbini zengqolowa kwicala elingasemva lengqekembe.
Ingaba iipeni zengqolowa zibalulekile?
Ezinye iipeni zengqolowa zinokuxabiseka kakhulu, ngakumbi ezo zikwimeko ye-mint okanye ezineempawu ezithile ezinqabileyo. Ixabiso le penny yengqolowa ixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nonyaka wayo wokwenziwa, imeko, kunye nazo naziphi na iimpawu ezizodwa enokuba nazo.
Ndingaliqonda njani ixabiso ledenariyo yengqolowa?
Ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa inokumiselwa ngokubonisana nesikhokelo sexabiso lemali okanye i-appraiser yemali eyingcali. Ezi zixhobo zinokubonelela ngolwazi malunga nexabiso lemarike yangoku yeepeni ezahlukeneyo zengqolowa ngokusekelwe kwimeko yazo kunye nokunqabile.
Zeziphi iisenti zengqolowa ezinqabileyo ekufuneka uzijonge?
Ezinye iipeni zengqolowa ezinqabileyo ekufuneka uzijonge ziquka i-1909-S VDB penny, i-1914-D penny, kunye ne-1931-S penny. Ezi ngqekembe zifunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli kwaye zinokuxabisa imali eninzi.
Ndingazithengisa phi iisenti zam zengqolowa?
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuthengisa iipeni zengqolowa. Ungazama ukuzithengisa kumthengisi wengqekembe yendawo, iisayithi zefandesi ezikwi-intanethi, okanye ngokuthe ngqo kwabanye abaqokeleli. Kubalulekile ukwenza uphando lwakho kwaye uthelekise amaxabiso phambi kokuthengisa ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ufumana elona xabiso lilungileyo kwiinkozo zakho.
Ziziphi izinto ezibonisa ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa?
Ixabiso lepeni yengqolowa limiselwa yimiba efana nokunqaba kwayo, imeko, kunye nemfuno phakathi kwabaqokeleli. Iipeni zengqolowa ezinqabileyo zixabiseke kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuba zikwimeko entle kakhulu.
