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KWELI NQAKU
- Imisebenzi yoNyango kubaTsha
- ImiSebenzi yoNyango yoMnye yabaTsha
- Imisebenzi yoNyango lweQela loLutsha
- Imisebenzi yoNyango lobuGcisa kubaTsha
- Imisebenzi yoNyango loMculo kuBantu abafikisayo
- Imisebenzi yoNyango lweSapho kuLutsha
Ulutsha luhamba kuluhlu lweenguqu zentlalo-ntle kunye nomzimba, ezinokuba nzima ukujongana nazo ngokwabo. Imisebenzi yonyango yabaselula ibhekisa kuluhlu lwemisebenzi enomdla enokuba luncedo ekusebenzeni ngokuziphatha kwabo, ukucinga, kunye nokuzazisa. Ukoyisa ukuzithemba, ukuxhalaba, isithukuthezi, kunye nokunye, ukubandakanyeka kule mi sebenzi kuya kubanceda bahlaziye kwaye babe nguxinzelelo olukhulu. Ke ngoko, nalu uluhlu lwemisebenzi enjalo ukunceda umntwana wakho okwishumi elivisayo. Funda ngakumbi ukuze ufunde ngakumbi.
Imisebenzi yoNyango kubaTsha
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango ezinokucetyiswa kumntu ofikisayo, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zabo. Unyango olusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngumntu ngamnye, iqela, usapho, ubugcisa kunye nonyango lomculo.
ImiSebenzi yoNyango yoMnye yabaTsha
Kunyango lomntu ngamnye, umntwana useza kuchonga iingxaki zakhe ngokuxoxa nabazali. Oku kuzazi kuya kunceda umntwana wakho akwazi ukunxibelelana ngokuxoxa ngemiba aze afumane impendulo (Nye) .
1. ICD yobomi bam
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Umculo unceda abantu ukuba bachaze iimvakalelo zabo, indlela abavakalelwa ngayo, iingcinga neenkolelo zabo. Kumntwana osemtsha, ozaliswe yimvakalelo, lo msebenzi uya kusebenza ekudaleni ukuzazi ngokuchonga kunye nokubonakalisa iimvakalelo.
- Umsebenzi ubandakanya ukudala i-CD yomculo equka iingoma ezizithandayo zolutsha kunye nokugcina i-disc kwimeko ye-jewel.
- Vumela oselula akhethe uluhlu lwakhe lokudlala lweengoma azithandayo ngokusekelwe kumxholo. Nje ukuba iingoma zikhethiwe, sebenzisa ikhompyuter ukutshisa (ukubhala) iingoma ezikwidiski.
- Nika umntwana wakho i-jewel case engenanto, kwaye uvumele ukuba bayihombise ngokunamathela kwi-glitter, izibonisi zeplastiki ezincinci, njl.
- Vumela uyilo lwe-jewel case luhambelane nomxholo womculo okwiCD. Ngoko ke, ukuba umxholo womculo ubuntwaneni, ke i-design ye-jewel case inokumela umxholo ngemibala eqaqambileyo.
- Nje ukuba i-jewel case ilungile, vumela umntwana ukuba agcine i-CD kuyo.
- Mamela iingoma kwaye uxoxe ngenkuthazo emva kokukhethwa kwengoma nganye kuluhlu lokudlala.
Eminye imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo yeCD onokuthi uyizame zezona zibalaseleyo zam ( ndigxile kukuzithemba) okanye umamele ikamva lam (ugxile kwiinjongo). Indibaniselwano yokukhetha iingoma kunye nokuyila ibhokisi yejewel inokunceda umntwana akhuphe iimvakalelo zakhe ngobugcisa kunye nobuchule.
2. Ileta yam eya kum
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Imisebenzi yokubhala sisixhobo esinamandla sokunceda ulutsha luphume neemvakalelo zalo. Ivumela ukubonakaliswa kweemvakalelo ezinovakalelo ekunokuba nzima ukuzivakalisa ngomlomo. Imisebenzi enjalo inokunceda okwishumi elivisayo ukuba abe nembono ebhetele ngeemvakalelo zakhe ngoxa ekwakhulisa ukuzithemba nokuzixabisa.
- Cela umntwana wakho ukuba azibone sele emdala.
- Bacele ukuba babhale ileta esuka kwikamva labo esiya kubo ngoku. Zeziphi ingcebiso abanokuzinika isiqu sabo ngoku?
- Khokela umntwana ukuba akaqinisekanga ukuba ungaqala njani.
- Wakuba ugqibile, cela umntwana wakho ukuba ayifunde ngokuvakalayo. Kule nkqubo, bakhokele kule leta ukubanceda ekuchongeni imiba abajongene nayo ngoku kunye nendlela abangathanda ukuziva ngayo ngayo kwixesha elizayo.
- Ukuba bayathanda, banokuhombisa kwaye bafake isakhelo unobumba oza kusetyenziswa njengesikhumbuzo esihle semihla ngemihla.
Ii-Worksheets zasimahla kunye neeprinta zabantwana
Khetha iBanga lasePreschoolKindergarten1st Grade2nd Grade3rd Grade4th Grade5th Khetha iSubjectEnglishMathScienceSocial studies Bhalisa3. Hamba kwintetho
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Ukuthetha yindlela esisiseko yokuvakalisa iimvakalelo, iingcinga, iimvakalelo neenkolelo. Ivumela umntwana ukuba akhululeke kunye nawe (okanye umnyangi wabo) kunye nokwakha ubudlelwane obuqinileyo, obuthembekileyo.
- Kunokuba ube neseshoni yonyango olusemthethweni kwikhaya lakho okanye kwiofisi yengcali, thatha umntwana wakho ukuba ahambe. Ungajikeleza ummelwane okanye uhambe epakini. Iya kubangela unxibelelwano olungekho sikweni.
- Qhuba incoko ekhaphukhaphu ethetha ngeentsuku zabo zesikolo nezicwangciso zabo zempelaveki.
- Xa umntwana ebonakala ekhululekile kwintetho, qhubela phambili kwiingcinga ezigxekayo kunye neenkxalabo okholelwa ukuba zifuna ingxoxo.
- Ziqhelanise iimvakalelo zabo kwaye uphephe ukubuza imibuzo emininzi. Kudla ngokuba luncedo ukuba abakwishumi elivisayo bakwazi ukunxulumana nabo bathetha nabo. Zama kwaye usebenzise ibali elihambelanayo ukusuka ebuntwaneni bakho ukubandakanya incoko.
- Ziziphi izicwangciso zabo zekamva?
- Ngaba kukho nawuphi na umbandela ofanele ukwazi ukubanceda njengomzali?
- Njengoko umntwana eqala ukuvula, mbuze imibuzo ecacisayo ukuze uqiniseke ukuba uyayiqonda into ayithethayo. Abakwishumi elivisayo bafudukela ebuntwini obukhulu, ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba baqalise ukwandisa ekwenzeni kwabo izigqibo. Banike iingcebiso, kodwa qinisekisa ukuba abaziva ngathi bayafundiswa.
Imisebenzi yoNyango lweQela loLutsha
Ulutsha oluninzi luye luzikhethele kunye nobulolo ngenxa yeemvakalelo zabo kunye nentlalontle. Imisebenzi yonyango yeqela yenzelwe ukubanceda baqonde ukuba ababodwa abajongene nale mingeni. Ngaphandle koko, ibanceda baqonde ukubaluleka kwenkxaso yeemvakalelo enceda ukuphiliswa.
4. Umnqwazi woloyiko
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Lo msebenzi ulula uhlala usetyenziswa njengenqanawa yokuqhekeza umkhenkce kwaye unceda ukuchonga nokuqonda uloyiko kunye neengcinga ezimbi. Ikwanceda ukuphuhlisa ukuzithemba, ukuzithemba, kunye nokuthembela kulutsha. Umsebenzi uhambelana ngcono neqela apho amalungu aqheleneyo.
- Cela lonke ulutsha ukuba luhlale ngokulandelelana okungacwangciswanga ngepeni/ipensile nephepha.
- Nika ngamnye okwishumi elivisayo imizuzu emihlanu ukuba abhale ezona loyiko lwakhe lunzulu nolumnyama ephepheni.
- Emva kwemizuzu emihlanu, qokelela onke amaphepha uze uwabeke kwi-cap.
- Ilungu ngalinye liya kuzoba iphepha elinye, lifunde ngokuvakalayo, kwaye liqikelele ukuba libhalwe ngubani.
- Kuya kunceda abantu abatsha babelane ngeengcinga zabo kunye neemvakalelo ezinzima, njengoloyiko. Ngaphandle koko, baya kwazana ngakumbi.
5. Ukuthetha ngengqondo
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Ndingashiya ikhaya nge-16
Ukuthetha ngengqondo ngumsebenzi omkhulu wonyango ogxile kunxibelelwano kunye nengqondo kubathathi-nxaxheba. Ezi zakhono zimbini ziyimfuneko kulawulo lweemvakalelo kulutsha.
- Yenza iqela lolutsha lihlale kwisangqa.
- Yazisa iqela malunga nengqiqo yomsebenzi. Baxelele ukuba umsebenzi wokuphuhlisa ukuthetha ngengqondo ngokulandela imigaqo emithathu engundoqo yokuthetha ngengqondo:
- thoba isantya kwaye uzizise kulomzuzu wangoku
- hlalutya phambi kokuba uthethe; ngokweemvakalelo nangengqiqo
- cinga ngemiphumo yoko ukuthethileyo nendlela abanye abavakalelwa ngayo ngako
- Umntu ngamnye okwishumi elivisayo kuya kufuneka atshintshisane ukuze abe sisithethi, ngoxa amanye amalungu ephulaphula.
- Isithethi sinokukhetha nawuphi na umxholo, njengeholide esiyithandayo. Ixesha elimiselweyo lesithethi ngasinye liya kuba yimizuzu emithathu.
- Emva kokuba wonke umntu egqibile ukuthetha, vumela umzuzu wokucamngca. Ungaxoxa nabo bonke ulutsha malunga nendlela abaziva ngayo ukuthetha ngengqondo xa kuthelekiswa nexesha eliqhelekileyo lokuthetha.
6. Khangela amandla
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Lo msebenzi weqela ujolise ekuncedeni ulutsha ukuba luchonge kwaye luqaphele amandla engqondo okanye abalinganiswa kubo nakwabanye. Ide ibenze bakwazi ukufumana ingxelo malunga namandla abo kwabanye.
- Yenza iqela elinabantwana abakwishumi elivisayo abahlanu ukuya kwesibhozo kwaye ubenze bahlale kwisangqa.
- Bacele ukuba babelane ngebali elakhayo, libe linye ngexesha. La mabali anokuba yiyo nayiphi na impumelelo okanye impumelelo kuwo nawuphi na ummandla wobomi babo.
- Abaphulaphuli babhala amanqaku amandla abawachongayo ebalini.
- Lakuba liphelile ibali, cela onke amalungu eqela ukuba anike ingxelo malunga namandla abonakalisiweyo.
- Ilungu ngalinye leqela lifunda amandla eliwachongileyo ebalini kunye nesizathu sokuba likhethe.
- Nje ukuba ilungu ngalinye leqela libelane ngebali lalo, yiba nengxoxo apho ulutsha lusabelana ngeemvakalelo zalo malunga namabali, oko bakuqaphelayo, kunye nokufunda.
- Lo msebenzi uvumela amalungu eqela ukuba azi amandla omnye kunye neendlela zokuwabethelela. Iimpendulo ezilungileyo komnye nomnye ziya kubanceda baphile.
7. Imephu yombulelo
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Lo msebenzi ubandakanyayo unika oselula ithuba lokuyila ngelixa ezivakalisa. Ibanika ithuba lokugxila kwiimvakalelo ezakhayo ezivela kwiinkalo ezintle zobomi.
- Yenza amaqela anabantwana abathathu ukuya kwabahlanu umntu ngamnye.
- Yalela onke amaqela ukuba athathe imizuzu emihlanu ekhumbula izinto ezintle anombulelo ngazo ebomini bawo. Iqela ngalinye likhetha iseti enye yezinto ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu ezilungileyo kunye nezizathu zokubulela.
- Cela iqela ngalinye ukuba libhale ezi zinto ebhodini kunye nezizathu. Gcina ibhodi emhlophe ijikile kumaqela aseleyo.
- Mema iqela elilandelayo ukuba libone ukuba libhale ntoni na iqela langaphambili. Ngoku, eli nyathelo limalunga nokuzoba unxibelelwano phakathi kwezimvo abanokuzibona.
- Ngokomzekelo, ukuba iqela langaphambili libhale ukuba into abayithandayo yindlu yabo, kwaye umbulelo luthando kunye nokunyamekela. Iqela elilandelayo kuya kufuneka libhale ngezinto ezibakhumbuza ngothando nenkathalo.
- Iqela ke ngoko libhala izinto ezintlanu abazithandayo, kwaye iqela elilandelayo ke imaphu umbulelo. Qhubeka nomsebenzi ade onke amaqela afumane ithuba lokubonisa umbulelo kwaye achaze izinto zabo ezilungileyo ebomini.
- Nje ukuba onke amalungu eqela athathe ithuba lawo, jikela ibhodi emhlophe kubo bonke kwaye nixoxe:
- Yintoni umbulelo?
- Kutheni siziva sinombulelo?
- Umbulelo uluncedo njani ekuphuhliseni ukuzithemba okuhle?
Lo msebenzi udala uluhlu lwazo zonke izinto ezilungileyo ebomini kunye nombulelo ohambelana nawo. Inokunceda ngamnye okwishumi elivisayo aqonde ukuba zininzi izinto ezimangalisayo ebomini amele azive onwabile ngazo.
8. Iinyaniso ezimbini kunye nobuxoki
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Lo msebenzi umnandi kakhulu xa amalungu eqela eqhelene. Umsebenzi uvumela ilungu ngalinye ukuba libelane ngezinto ezintathu malunga nalo, ezimbini ziyinyani, enye ibubuxoki. Amanye amalungu kufuneka ahlule ubuxoki kwiinyaniso. Lo msebenzi unika ithuba lokufunda izinto ezinomdla omnye komnye.
- Nika imizuzu emihlanu amalungu eqela ukuba ahlale kwaye acinge ngemiba enika umdla yobomi babo.
- Emva koko, ubanike imizuzu emithathu ukuba abhale phantsi izinto ezintathu okanye iinyani ezisuka kuyo nayiphi na inkalo yobomi babo. Iingongoma ezimbini ziyinyani, ngoxa enye eseleyo ibubuxoki.
- Khetha ngokungaqhelekanga ilungu leqela kwaye ubacele ukuba bafunde iinyaniso zabo ezimbini kunye nobuxoki. Amanye amalungu eqela aqikelela ukuba zeziphi iinyani ezimbini kwezithathu eziyinyani nezingeyiyo.
- Akuba onke amalungu egqibile, xoxa ngomsebenzi, kwaye ukhuthaze intsebenziswano entle phakathi kolutsha.
Imisebenzi yoNyango lobuGcisa kubaTsha
Unyango lobuGcisa ludibaniso lonyango lobugcisa kunye neesayikholoji ezinceda abantu ukuba boyise imiceli mngeni yeemvakalelo okanye ngokwasengqondweni. Le misebenzi igxile ekuphuhliseni ukuzazi, ukuphonononga iimvakalelo, kunye nokujongana nempixano engasonjululwanga okanye umonzakalo. Zonke ezi zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokuphuhlisa ukuzithemba kunye nezakhono zokunxibelelana kakuhle emntwini.
9. Umsebenzi weposikhadi
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Lo msebenzi wonyango lobugcisa ngumsebenzi wokuzifumanisa onokuthi usetyenziswe kubantu okanye kumaqela. Lo msebenzi unceda ulutsha ukuba luveze iimvakalelo zalo ezingakhiyo okanye uluvo oluphikisanayo komnye umntu ngaphandle kokuba luthethe kubo. Kunganceda ukuthothisa uloyiko lokujongana nonxibelelwano phakathi kwabakwishumi elivisayo.
- Thenga iposikhadi yomntwana ngamnye. Ungaprinta itemplate yeposikhadi kwiphepha lephepha.
- Ukusasaza la makhadi kulutsha kwaye ubacele ukuba baphinde babambe imeko okanye umntu abazivayo/baziva benexhala, enomsindo, ekhathazekile, elusizi, okanye enomsindo ngaye.
- Nika iqela ixesha lokungena kwi-flashback kwaye licinge malunga:
- kwenzeka ntoni kwaye yaziva njani
- yintoni abangathanda ukuyixelela loo mntu malunga namava kunye nendlela amenze waziva ngayo
- Cela ulutsha ukuba luzobe amava abo kwicala elingabhalwanga leposikhadi. Sebenzisa icala elinemigca ukubhala into abanqwenela ukuyithetha.
- Baxelele ukuba banenkululeko yokuchaza indlela abavakalelwa ngayo okanye abasavakalelwa ngayo ngala mava.
- Bakuba begqibile ukuzoba nokubhala, sebenzisa oko bakuzobileyo nokubhala ukuphonononga iimvakalelo zabo. Xoxa nomthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye malunga nendlela abanokuqalisa ngayo ukusebenzela isisombululo sokuphilisa.
10. Ikholaji yokuyila
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Lumdlalo ohlekisayo nobandakanyayo wonyango . Kulo msebenzi, abakwishumi elivisayo benza umboniso obonakalayo weenkolelo zabo ezingundoqo kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni ngentelekelelo yabo kunye nokuyila. Ukuqonda iinqobo ezisemgangathweni kubalulekile njengoko kunceda ekuphuhliseni iindlela zokumelana nezinto ezibalulekileyo ekukhuseleni impilo yengqondo.
- Cela ulutsha ukuba lugxininise kwiimfundiso zalo ezisisiseko. Bacacisele ngemizekelo yezinto ezixabisekileyo ezingundoqo, ezinjengokuthabatha inyathelo lokuqala, ukonwaba, ukuqinisekisa ukukhula, njl. njl. Ixabiso elingundoqo linokuba yiyo nantoni na abaziva benamandla ngayo okanye into abaziva bonwabile ngayo.
- Nje ukuba umntwana uqonde intsingiselo yexabiso eliphambili, mcele ukuba agxininise kwaye aphendule oku kulandelayo:
- Ngawaphi amagama akhuthazayo afika kubo xa begxile kwixabiso labo elingundoqo?
- Yeyiphi imifanekiso/imibala kunye neemilo abaziva benxulunyaniswa nala magama?
- Cela ulutsha ukuba luphendule le mibuzo ingentla ngekholaji. Banokukhetha imifanekiso, amagama, amabinzana, okanye imibala kwiimagazini kunye namaphephandaba ukuze baqulunqe ikholaji.
- Unokuvumela ulutsha ukuba lubonise ikholaji yabo kwabanye kwaye babelane ngenkuthazo yabo emva kwayo. Kunokukhuthaza ukuba azichaze kwaye kwenze umntwana azithembe.
11. Guqula ifoto
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Lo msebenzi unceda ukukhulisa ukuzithemba kolutsha ngokubanika iindlela ezintsha zokuzibonakalisa. Xa beguqula umfanekiso, bakhupha iimvakalelo zabo kwaye banciphise uxinzelelo lwabo.
- Nikeza zonke izinto ezifunekayo, njengeemagazini, amaphephandaba, izinto zokusika, izikere, iglu, imibala, iipeni, njl. njl., kulutsha. Abakwishumi elivisayo banokuyidlala bebodwa okanye bengamaqela.
- Vumela umntwana ngamnye okwishumi elivisayo akhethe umfanekiso okwimagazini, utsho umfanekiso wekati. Emva koko, mabasebenzise ukucinga kwabo ukuguqula umfanekiso wekati, batsho ngokunika uncumo oluhle okanye amehlo aluhlaza. Vumela abakwishumi elivisayo ukuba bakhuphe iimvakalelo zabo ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngezakhono zabo zobugcisa.
- Misela ixesha lokugqiba, yithi imizuzu eyi-15.
- Umsebenzi unokwenziwa ukuba ube nokuqonda ngakumbi ngokuvumela ulutsha ukuba luxoxe ngomfanekiso otshintshiweyo kunye neengcinga ezisemva kotshintsho.
12. Ukwenza imifanekiso eqingqiweyo
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Ukwenziwa kwemifanekiso eqingqiweyo lulongezelelo olumangalisayo kwimisebenzi yonyango lobugcisa njengoko ivumela ulutsha ukuba lubonakalise ngokuyila okwakhayo. Ngaphandle koko, inceda ekujonganeni noxinzelelo, ixhala, kunye nolunye uxinzelelo lwangaphandle.
- Ukubonelela ulutsha nazo zonke izinto eziyimfuneko, njengentlama enemibala okanye udongwe, amanzi, i-rolling pin, i-calipers, i-scrapers, iifreyimu, njl.
- Banike umda wexesha ekufuneka bewulungiselele ngalo umfanekiso oqingqiweyo. Vumela ulutsha lube nobuchule kunye nentelekelelo njengoko lufuna.
- Wakuba ugqityiwe umsebenzi, bavumele abakwishumi elivisayo baxoxe ngezinto abazilungiseleleyo kunye nenkuthazo yendalo yabo.
- Njengoko ulutsha luxoxa ngendalo yalo, lukhulisa ukuzithemba kwalo.
13. Peyinta ijenali
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Olunye ulutsha lunengxaki yokuthetha. Kubo, ukubhala idayari okanye ijenali yindlela yokubonakalisa. Kodwa ukuzichaza akupheleliselwanga kumagama. Ukupeyinta nako kunokubanceda baqhagamshelane neemvakalelo zabo kwaye baziveze ngokufanelekileyo. Ekugqibeleni kuya kwandisa ukuzithemba kwabo kunye nokuzithemba.
- Kulo msebenzi wokuzikhathalela, cela umntwana okwishumi elivisayo ukuba agcine ijenali apho banokupeyinta okanye bazobe imizobo emele iimvakalelo zabo.
- Banokuzoba okanye bapeyinte nantoni na abavakalelwa kukuba inokubanceda baveze iimvakalelo zabo ngcono.
- Unokwabela iimvakalelo, njengolonwabo, uloyiko, njl., kwaye umntwana unokwenza umzekeliso omele loo mvakalelo. Vumela ulutsha luthathe ixesha lalo lokuzoba.
Imisebenzi yoNyango loMculo kuBantu abafikisayo
Uphando lubonisa ukuba iingcali zonyango zifumanisa ukuba umculo uphumelele ekuncedeni ulutsha olukwishumi elivisayo ukuba luzibandakanye kwinkqubo yonyango ngokuxhathisa okuncinci. (Mbini) . Kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba ulutsha lunxibelelana nomculo ngokulula. Umculo unokuba yindlela yokuba umntwana aveze iimvakalelo zakhe, athobe uxinezeleko, aze woyise ukuba yedwa.
Umahluko phakathi komqeqeshi kunye nomqeqeshi
14. Ukubetha amagubu
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Lo msebenzi uququzelela ukubonakaliswa kweemvakalelo kwaye unike ithuba lokuphuma kulutsha olunoxinzelelo. Lo msebenzi unokwenziwa ngabanye okanye ngokwamaqela.
iikowuti malunga nelahleko yobuhlobo
- Nikeza izixhobo zakho zomdlalo wegubu ezihambelana nobudala bakho, njenge
- Bacele ukuba bavale amehlo abo kwaye bakhuphele ngaphandle kwegubu.
- Usenokuqaphela utshintsho olunesingqi kwisingqisho njengoko umntwana eqalisa ukukhupha iimvakalelo zakhe.
- Utshintsho kwisingqisho luvakala ngcono xa umsebenzi wenziwa kwiqela.
15. Khetha umculo wakho
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Khetha umculo wakho (odla ngokubizwa ngokuba kukukhetha umculo) ngumsebenzi osetyenziselwa abantu abafikisayo abanobunzima kulawulo lweemvakalelo kunye nokuzilawula. Ukuziqhelanisa nokucamngca kunceda ulutsha ukuba lukhulise ukuzazi kunye nokwamkelwa.
- Cela umntwana ukuba akhethe iingoma okanye amaqhekeza omculo athanda ukuva kakhulu. Ukhetho lunokusekelwe kuluhlu olubanzi lweemvakalelo okwishumi elivisayo afuna ukuzivakalisa.
- Emva kokuba umculo ukhethiwe, cela umntwana ukuba ahlale kwindawo ekhululekile kwaye adlale umculo ngefowuni yakhe okanye i-CD player.
- Njengoko bephulaphule umculo, babeza kufumana iinkumbulo ezinxulumene nomculo. Iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo enceda ukuphilisa ngokuvumela iimvakalelo zihambe.
- Wakuba ugqibile umculo, xubusha ngamava abenawo okwishumi elivisayo. Iya kubanceda ukuba babe nokuqonda kunye nokwamkelwa kweminye yemicimbi yabo enzulu efihlakeleyo.
16. Iimvakalelo zomculo
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Lo msebenzi wonyango womculo usebenza ngokucwangciswa kweqela kwaye unceda abakwishumi elivisayo ukuba bachonge kwaye baveze iimvakalelo. Ikwanceda umntwana okwishumi elivisayo aqonde indlela omnye okwishumi elivisayo/umntu angabonisa ngayo imvakalelo efanayo.
- Cela ulutsha ukuba luhlale kwisangqa.
- Gcwalisa ikomityi ngamaqhekeza amancinci ngephepha ngalinye elinegama leemvakalelo.
- Vula umculo, kwaye abakwishumi elivisayo baqalisa ukudlulisa indebe phakathi kwabo. Xa umculo uyeka, intombazana ephethe indebe ithatha i-chit kwaye ifunde imvakalelo. Umceli mngeni kukwenza iimvakalelo ngaphandle kokuphakama kwindawo okanye ukuthetha nantoni na.
- Ngoxa okwishumi elivisayo esenza, abanye baqikelela imvakalelo. Emva koqikelelo oluchanekileyo, iphepha liyasuswa, kwaye indebe idluliswa ngelixa kudlala umculo.
- Xa umculo uyeka, umntwana osemtsha ophethe indebe uthatha iphepha, afunde imvakalelo, aze ayenze.
- Emva kokuba bonke abatsha bathathe ixesha labo, xubusha indlela yokubona iimvakalelo kwabanye kunye nokuba wenze ntoni xa ubona umntu ebonisa imvakalelo ethile.
17. Ukubhala iingoma
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Ukubhala iingoma kunceda okwishumi elivisayo aveze iimvakalelo zakhe ngendlela eyakhayo. Iphucula amandla engqondo, njengokuzilawula kunye nokunxibelelana okuhle kwentlalo.
- Khokhela oselula okanye iqela lolutsha ukuba libhale ingoma. Ingoma inokusekelwe kuyo nayiphi na imvakalelo abafuna ukuyivakalisa.
- Banike ixesha lokubhala phantsi amazwi engoma.
- Nje ukuba iingoma zomntu ngamnye zilungile, unokucela ulutsha ukuba lucule ingoma. Basenokudlala isixhobo kunye.
- Emva kwengoma nganye, xoxa ngeengcinga kunye neemvakalelo emva kokuphefumlelwa kwamazwi kunye nokwakhiwa komculo. Kuya kuba luncedo ukuqaqambisa iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo zolutsha.
Imisebenzi yoNyango lweSapho kuLutsha
Unyango lwentsapho (okanye iingcebiso zentsapho) yindlela yonyango eyenzelwe ukujongana nemiba ethile echaphazela impilo kunye nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwentsapho. Ukuchonga le miba kubalulekile ekuqondeni ifuthe labo kulutsha. Olu hlobo lonyango lunokusetyenziselwa ukudlula kwixesha elinzima / utshintsho okanye uncedo ngeengxaki zempilo yengqondo kunye nokuziphatha phakathi kwamalungu entsapho yolutsha.
18. Inkumbulo yam eyonwabisayo
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Lo msebenzi ubandakanya kwaye uvuyisayo wenza ukuba okwishumi elivisayo agxile kwiinkumbulo ezintle zexesha elichithwe nentsapho yakhe. Ukukhumbula ezo nkumbulo kunokunceda okwishumi elivisayo ahlale enethemba. Lo msebenzi ukwanika ilungu ngalinye losapho ithuba lokwazi iimbono ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nenkumbulo/isiganeko esifanayo.
- Intsapho ihlala kunye kwitafile yokutyela okanye kwisangqa emgangathweni.
- Okwishumi elivisayo uthetha ngezona zihlandlo zolonwabo abaye bazifumana nentsapho yabo.
- Apha umsebenzi kukwenza kwakhona inkumbulo ngezenzo ezinokuvelisa iimvakalelo. Ke, umntwana okwishumi elivisayo uya kuthi aveze inkumbulo kunye neemvakalelo ezinxulumene nayo ngokwenza.
- Ilungu ngalinye losapho ke labelana ngenkumbulo yalo enxulumene nesehlo. Kufuneka babelane ngeenkumbulo zabo ngokwenza, nabo.
- Emva komsebenzi, amalungu osapho angaxoxa ngendlela isiganeko esifana neso esinokuchaphazela ngayo abantu abohlukeneyo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Lo msebenzi uvumela okwishumi elivisayo ukuba avuleleke kwaye abelane ngazo naziphi na iiyantlukwano ezichaphazela ubudlelwane bakhe obuhle nosapho.
19. Iilekese zijikeleze
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Lo msebenzi wokuzonwabisa kunye nokuzibandakanya uxhasa intsebenziswano phakathi kolutsha kunye namalungu entsapho yabo.
- Uya kufuna ipakethi ye-M&Ms okanye ilekese enemibala efanayo.
- Ukusasaza amaqhekeza asixhenxe ezi lekese kwilungu ngalinye lentsapho, uze ubacele ukuba bahlele iilekese ngombala.
- Umntwana uxela inani leelekese zombala ngamnye.
- Umbala ngamnye unxulunyaniswa nesihloko, kwaye okwishumi elivisayo kufuneka anike iimpendulo ezihambelana nenani leelekese zaloo mbala. Umzekelo, ukuba umntwana okwishumi elivisayo uneelekese ezimbini eziorenji, anika iimpendulo ezimbini kwisihloko esihambelana nombala orenji. Apha ngezantsi kukho uluhlu lwezihloko / imibuzo ehambelana nombala ngamnye.
- Ubomvu - amagama achaza kakuhle intsapho yakho
- Luhlaza – iindlela/iindlela usapho lwakho lonwabe kunye
- Purple – izinto usapho lwakho ekufuneka luphucule kuzo
- Mthubi - izinto ezikukhathazayo
- I-Orenji - izinto ezikwenza wonwabe
- Emva kokuba umntwana esenziwe ngeempendulo zakhe, bacele ukuba bakhethe elinye ilungu lentsapho ukuba liphendule imibuzo efanayo ngokusekelwe kwinani leelekese zombala ofanayo.
- Akuba onke amalungu entsapho etshintshile, qalisa ingxubusho ephilileyo esekelwe kwiimpendulo ezinikiweyo. Gxininisa kwiimpendulo zomntwana ukuze aqonde imiba abajongene nayo kwaye yeyiphi imiba yentsapho ejongene nayo.
- Eminye yemibuzo amalungu osapho anokuyibuza umntwana yile:
- Yeyiphi eyona nto imangalisayo oyifundileyo ngamanye amalungu osapho?
- Kufuneka usebenze njani ekwenzeni utshintsho/uphuculo njengoko kucetyisiwe lusapho?
20. IGenogram
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I-genogram ngumfuziselo, owenziwe lula, kodwa oneenkcukacha zomzobo wosapho lolutsha kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Ingasetyenziselwa ukumela ubudlelwane bomntwana kunye nelungu ngalinye lentsapho kunye ne-vice-versa. Obu buchule bunokusetyenziswa ukulawula ubudlelwane beemvakalelo kunye nokuchonga amandla kunye nobuthathaka olwabelanayo nosapho.
- Lo msebenzi udala inguqulelo eyenziwe lula ye-genogram ukuze kube lula ukuyitolika. Qala umsebenzi ngokunika umthathi-nxaxheba ngosiba, iphepha, nepeni yokuzoba ebomvu, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka naluhlaza.
- Yabela ilungu ngalinye losapho imilo. Ngokomzekelo, umntwana uthatha isangqa, umntakwabo uthatha isikwere, njalo njalo.
- Ilungu ngalinye lizoba imilo yalo kwelinye icala lephepha ngelixa lizoba ezinye iimilo, ezimele amanye amalungu osapho, kwicala lasekunene lephepha kwikholamu.
- Ngoku, yabela ikhowudi, eluhlobo olwahlukileyo lomgca wombala owahlukileyo, ukuchaza ubudlelwane obuthile. Njengokuba:
- Umgca oluhlaza omnye = Ubuhlobo
- Imigca emibini eluhlaza = Vala kwaye ihambelana
- Umgca omnye obomvu = Awunabubele
- Imigca emibini ebomvu = Ubutshaba
- Umgca oblowu omnye = Ukukhohlisa
- Imigca emibini eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka = Ukungakhathali kunye nokungabikho kwenkxalabo
Unokongeza iikhowudi ezininzi zemibala ozithandayo ngokusekelwe kwindlela ofuna ukuba umsebenzi ube nzima ngayo.
- Ilungu ngalinye losapho lizoba imigca phakathi kokumila kwalo kunye nokumila kwelungu losapho lwalo. Imigca izotywe ngokusekelwe kwindlela abakholelwa ukuba elinye ilungu lentsapho libaphatha ngayo.
- Lakuba ilungu ngalinye losapho ligqibile ukuzoba igenogram, yityhilele omnye komnye. Hlalani nixoxe ngesizathu sokuba umntu anike ikhowudi ethile.
Imisebenzi yonyango sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokunceda umntwana okwishumi elivisayo ukuba anqobe imiqobo yentlalo neemvakalelo enokuthi ibe nefuthe kwimpilo yakhe yengqondo. Kule nkqubo, wena, njengomzali, unokuba yintsika yamandla kwaye ubaxhase. Unokukhokela umntwana wakho oselula ngemisebenzi yonyango kwaye uqinisekise ukuba uyabanceda ukuba banqobe imiba yentlalo, imvakalelo kunye nokuziphatha. Ungalibazisi ukuya kugqirha xa uvakalelwa kukuba umntwana wakho ufuna uncedo olungakumbi.
Nye. ISikhokelo soNyango lweNgqondo: Unyango lweQela vs. Unyango lomntu ngamnye ; Amaziko e-American Addiction
2. Alexander W Keen; Ukusebenzisa uMculo njengeSixhobo soNyango ukukhuthaza ulutsha oluneNgxaki ; I-NCBI
